SpringMVC參數綁定那些事

@RequestParam @ModelAttribute @RequestBodyjava

簡單類型,複雜類型web

get;post:form-data x-www-form-urlencodedspring

簡單參數綁定

@RequestMapping("test1")
@ResponseBody
public String test1(@RequestParam String p, @RequestParam Date date) {
    return p+"#"+date;
}

經過get方式訪問(post:x-www-form-urlencoded同樣)

解析@RequestParam參數經過RequestParamMethodArgumentResolver。json

  1. 先獲取參數名數組

    • 根據@RequestParam中的值來肯定參數名,若是沒有則使用原來的參數名
  2. 解析參數mvc

    RequestParamMethodArgumentResolver#resolveNameapp

    String[] paramValues = request.getParameterValues(name);ide

    就是從request中獲取值,注意返回的是String[],多是相同name放到一個數組中?post

  3. 類型轉換ui

    使用WebDataBinder,其中有typeConverter(TypeConverterSupport)

    TypeConverterSupport其中有TypeConverterDelegate(PropertyEditorRegistrySupport)

    PropertyEditorRegistrySupport有conversionService 和 PropertyEditor

    //org.springframework.beans.PropertyEditorRegistrySupport
    private ConversionService conversionService;
    
    private boolean defaultEditorsActive = false;
    
    private boolean configValueEditorsActive = false;
    
    private Map<Class<?>, PropertyEditor> defaultEditors;
    
    private Map<Class<?>, PropertyEditor> overriddenDefaultEditors;
    
    private Map<Class<?>, PropertyEditor> customEditors;
    
    private Map<String, CustomEditorHolder> customEditorsForPath;
    
    private Map<Class<?>, PropertyEditor> customEditorCache;

    先判斷有沒有PropertyEditor,沒有再使用conversionService。

##經過post:form-data方式訪問

解析post form-data中的值要配置,

<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
    <property name="maxUploadSize" value="${web.maxUploadSize}" />
</bean>

在DispatcherServlet中首先就檢查是不是post,是否Content-Type 以multipart/ 開頭。

若是是則將原來的HttpServletRequest 轉變爲MultipartHttpServletRequest

解析@RequestParam 主題步驟都同樣,只不過從request獲取數據的時候從DefaultMultipartHttpServletRequest中獲取

//org.springframework.web.multipart.support.DefaultMultipartHttpServletRequest#getParameterValues
@Override
public String[] getParameterValues(String name) {
    //從內部的map中獲取
   String[] values = getMultipartParameters().get(name);
   if (values != null) {
      return values;
   }
   return super.getParameterValues(name);
}

複雜對象綁定

static class DataWrapper {
    private String p;
    private Date date;

    public String getP() {
        return p;
    }

    public void setP(String p) {
        this.p = p;
    }

    public Date getDate() {
        return date;
    }

    public void setDate(Date date) {
        this.date = date;
    }
}

@RequestMapping("test2")
@ResponseBody
public String test2(@RequestParam DataWrapper d) {
   return d.getP()+"#"+d.date;
}

@RequestMapping("test3")
@ResponseBody
public String test3(DataWrapper d) {
   return d.getP()+"#"+d.date;
}

Test2 不能綁定,由於@RequestParam 只支持簡單類型

去掉@RequestParam,test3就能夠綁定。

綁定過程

InvokeHandlerMethod中註冊的ArgumentResolvers

先判斷哪一個Resolver能處理這個參數

沒有@RequestParam 是ServletModelAttributeMethodProcessor來解析,爲啥不是RequestParamMethodArgumentResolver?

Resolvers中最後一個annotationNotRequired= true來處理沒有註解的參數。

而倒數第二個RequestParamMethodArgumentResolver useDefaultResolution = true,來處理沒有註解的簡單類型參數

ServletModelAttributeMethodProcessor中的類型轉換,也是經過WebDataBinder作轉換。

參數綁定格式化

添加自定義PropertyEditor

```java
 @InitBinder
 public void initBinder(WebDataBinder dataBinder) {
    SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
    simpleDateFormat.setLenient(false);
    dataBinder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class,new CustomDateEditor(simpleDateFormat, false));
 }
### 添加自定義converter

```java
/**
 * @author Arnold
 */
public class StringToDateConverter implements Converter<String,Date> {
   private String datePattern;

   public String getDatePattern() {
      return datePattern;
   }

   public void setDatePattern(String datePattern) {
      this.datePattern = datePattern;
   }

   @Override
   public Date convert(String source) {
      SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(datePattern);
      try {
         Date parse = dateFormat.parse(source);
         return parse;
      } catch (ParseException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
      return null;

   }
}

或者在參數上加上@DateTimeFormat

@RequestMapping("test9")
@ResponseBody
public String test9( @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy=MM=dd") Date date) {
   return "#"+date;
}

還須要在xml中配置

<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"/>
<bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean">
    <property name="converters">
        <list>
            <bean class="com.arnold.Converter.StringToDateConverter">
                <property name="datePattern" value="yyyy=MM=dd"/>
            </bean>
        </list>
    </property>
</bean>

使用註解驅動格式

<!--將ConversionServiceFactoryBean換爲FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean-->
<bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
</bean>
public static class DataWrapper {
   private String p;
   @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy+MM+dd")
   private Date date;

   public DataWrapper() {}

   public DataWrapper(String p, String d) throws ParseException {
      this.p = p;
      SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
      date = simpleDateFormat.parse(d);

   }

   public String getP() {
      return p;
   }

   public void setP(String p) {
      this.p = p;
   }

   public Date getDate() {
      return date;
   }

   public void setDate(Date date) {
      this.date = date;
   }
}

添加格式化註解

有兩個名字,屬性重複怎麼辦?

重複屬性名綁定

@RequestMapping("test4")
@ResponseBody
public String test4(DataWrapper d, DataWrapper d2) {
   return d.getP()+"#"+d.date + "@" + d2.p + "#" + d2.date;
}

能夠經過@InitBinder實現精確綁定

@InitBinder("d")
public void initd(WebDataBinder binder){
   binder.setFieldDefaultPrefix("xd.");
}

@InitBinder("d2")
public void initd2(WebDataBinder binder){
   binder.setFieldDefaultPrefix("xd2.");
}

@RequestMapping("test4")
@ResponseBody
public String test4(DataWrapper d, @ModelAttribute("d2") DataWrapper d2) {
   return d.getP()+"#"+d.date + "@" + d2.p + "#" + d2.date;
}

注意不但要添加@InitBinder 還要 添加@ModelAttribute。

對象嵌套綁定

public static class DataBasket {
   private DataWrapper a;
   private DataWrapper b;

   public DataWrapper getA() {
      return a;
   }

   public void setA(DataWrapper a) {
      this.a = a;
   }

   public DataWrapper getB() {
      return b;
   }

   public void setB(DataWrapper b) {
      this.b = b;
   }
}

@RequestMapping("test5")
@ResponseBody
public String test5(DataBasket b) {
   return b.a.getP()+"#"+b.a.date + "@" + b.b.p + "#" + b.b.date;
}

和前面的重複屬性名請求方式好像差很少。

Json數據綁定

@RequestMapping("test7")
@ResponseBody
public String test7(@RequestBody DataBasket b) {
   return b.a.getP()+"#"+b.a.date + "@" + b.b.p + "#" + b.b.date;
}

如何對json中的Date對象作自定義格式轉換呢?

傳入數據格式化

  1. 手動配置MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter

自定義JsonDeserializer + 註解

首先要配置jackson的converter

<mvc:annotation-driven>
    <mvc:message-converters>
        <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
        </bean>
    </mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>

自定義JsonDeserializer

public class CustomJsonDateDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<Date> {
   @Override
    public Date deserialize(JsonParser jsonParser, DeserializationContext deserializationContext) throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {
        SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy=MM=dd");
        String date = jsonParser.getText();
        try {
            return format.parse(date);
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

配置註解 @JsonDeserialize(using = CustomJsonDateDeserializer.class)

public static class DataWrapper {
   private String p;
   @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy=MM=dd")
   @JsonDeserialize(using = CustomJsonDateDeserializer.class)
   private Date date;

   public DataWrapper() {}

   public DataWrapper(String p, String d) throws ParseException {
      this.p = p;
      SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
      date = simpleDateFormat.parse(d);

   }

   public String getP() {
      return p;
   }

   public void setP(String p) {
      this.p = p;
   }

   public Date getDate() {
      return date;
   }

   public void setDate(Date date) {
      this.date = date;
   }
}

controllerTest

@RequestMapping("test7")
@ResponseBody
public String test7(@RequestBody DataBasket b) {
   return b.a.getP()+"#"+b.a.date + "@" + b.b.p + "#" + b.b.date;
}

結果:

輸出格式化

相似,實現JsonSerializer便可

public class CustomJsonDateSerializer extends JsonSerializer<Date>{
   @Override
   public void serialize(Date value, JsonGenerator gen, SerializerProvider serializers) throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {
      SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy=#MM=#dd");
      String format = simpleDateFormat.format(value);
      gen.writeString(format);
   }
}
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