一對多(ForeignKey)python
class ForeignKey(ForeignObject): def __init__(self, to, on_delete, related_name=None, related_query_name=None, limit_choices_to=None, parent_link=False, to_field=None, db_constraint=True, **kwargs): super().__init__(to, on_delete, from_fields=['self'], to_fields=[to_field], **kwargs)
一對一(OneToOneField)django
class OneToOneField(ForeignKey): def __init__(self, to, on_delete, to_field=None, **kwargs): kwargs['unique'] = True super().__init__(to, on_delete, to_field=to_field, **kwargs)
從上面外鍵(ForeignKey)和一對一(OneToOneField)的參數中能夠看出,都有on_delete參數,而 django 升級到2.0以後,表與表之間關聯的時候,必需要寫on_delete參數,不然會報異常:app
TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'on_delete'
所以,整理一下on_delete參數的各個值的含義:ui
on_delete=None, # 刪除關聯表中的數據時,當前表與其關聯的field的行爲 on_delete=models.CASCADE, # 刪除關聯數據,與之關聯也刪除 on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, # 刪除關聯數據,什麼也不作 on_delete=models.PROTECT, # 刪除關聯數據,引起錯誤ProtectedError # models.ForeignKey('關聯表', on_delete=models.SET_NULL, blank=True, null=True) on_delete=models.SET_NULL, # 刪除關聯數據,與之關聯的值設置爲null(前提FK字段須要設置爲可空,一對一同理) # models.ForeignKey('關聯表', on_delete=models.SET_DEFAULT, default='默認值') on_delete=models.SET_DEFAULT, # 刪除關聯數據,與之關聯的值設置爲默認值(前提FK字段須要設置默認值,一對一同理) on_delete=models.SET, # 刪除關聯數據, a. 與之關聯的值設置爲指定值,設置:models.SET(值) b. 與之關聯的值設置爲可執行對象的返回值,設置:models.SET(可執行對象)
多對多(ManyToManyField)spa
class ManyToManyField(RelatedField): def __init__(self, to, related_name=None, related_query_name=None, limit_choices_to=None, symmetrical=None, through=None, through_fields=None, db_constraint=True, db_table=None, swappable=True, **kwargs): super().__init__(**kwargs)
由於多對多(ManyToManyField)沒有 on_delete 參數,因此略過不提.對象