使用 Spring API 實現郵件發送 （樂字節java，樂字節架構）

詳細Spring如何進行郵件發送
本文由樂字節Java架構課程獨家贊助播出

環境準備

建立 Maven 項目，在 pom.xml 文件中添加依賴

<!-- spring核心 jar 依賴 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--spring 上下文環境 支持-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Java Mail座標依賴 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
    <version>1.6.2</version>
</dependency>

配置郵件發送 bean

在 spring.xml 配置文件中設置郵件發送對應的bean標籤

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 開啓自動化掃描  -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xxxx"/>

    <!-- 郵件發送器（提供了郵件發送接口、透明建立Java Mail的MimeMessage、及郵件發送的配置） -->
    <bean id="mailSender" class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
        <property name="host" value="smtp.163.com" />
        <property name="port" value="25" />
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property>
        <property name="username" value="用戶名"></property>
        <property name="password" value="密碼"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 普通文本郵件對象 -->
    <bean id="templateMessage" class="org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage">
        <property name="from" value="發件人的郵箱地址" />
        <property name="subject" value="spring_mail" />
    </bean>

</beans>

定義接口與實現類

定義接口

package com.xxxx.springMail;

/**
 * 定義接口
 */
public interface OrderManager {
    void placeOrder();
}

定義實現類

package com.xxxx.springMail;

import org.springframework.mail.MailException;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Service
public class SimpleOrderManager implements OrderManager {

    @Resource
    private JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;
    @Resource
    private SimpleMailMessage templateMessage;

    @Override
    public void placeOrder() {
        // 獲取郵件對象
        SimpleMailMessage msg = new SimpleMailMessage(this.templateMessage);
        // 設置郵件收件人的郵箱地址
        msg.setTo("收件人的郵箱地址");
        // 設置郵件內容
        msg.setText("Hello Spring Mail");
        try{
            // 發送郵件
            this.mailSender.send(msg);
        } catch (MailException ex) {
            System.err.println(ex.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

郵件發送測試

/**
  *  發送郵件
  * @param args
  */
public static void main(String[] args) {
    ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
    SimpleOrderManager simpleOrderManager = 
        (SimpleOrderManager) ac.getBean("simpleOrderManager");
    simpleOrderManager.placeOrder();
}

發送附件

/**
  *  發送包含附件的郵件
  * @param args
  * @throws MessagingException
  */
public static void main(String[] args) throws MessagingException {
    ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
    JavaMailSender mailSender= (JavaMailSender) ac.getBean("mailSender");
    MimeMessage message= mailSender.createMimeMessage();
    message.setSubject("spring_mail"); // 郵件主題
    // 建立帶有附件的消息幫組類
    MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message,true,"utf-8");
    helper.setTo(new InternetAddress("收件人的郵箱地址"));//設置接收人
    helper.setText("Thank you for ordering!"); // 郵件內容
    helper.setFrom("發件人的郵箱地址"); // 發件人
    // 設置附件
    File file = new File("C:\\work\\郵件附件.txt");
    // 添加附件
    helper.addAttachment(file.getName(), file);
    // 發送郵件
    mailSender.send(message);
}