先談一談中間件的使用場景,好比路由轉到一張頁面,咱們須要記錄用戶的cookie,或者檢測用戶的訪問權限,這些操做若是全寫在控制器裏是不合適的,由於隨着業務的擴充,控制器裏的業務邏輯會愈來愈臃腫,難以維護,因此,不一樣的操做,咱們分別寫在各自的中間件裏。咱們使用artisan命令行來建立一箇中間件。php
php artisan make:middleware MyMiddleware
中間件的php文件都放在了目錄\app\Http\Middleware下,你們應該注意到,中間件Middleware和控制器Controller文件夾都在Http文件夾下。數組
<?php namespace App\Http\Middleware; use Closure; class MyMiddleware { /** * Handle an incoming request. * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request $request * @param \Closure $next * @return mixed */ public function handle($request, Closure $next) { return $next($request); } }
這裏咱們只改動handle函數來舉例中間件的使用bash
public function handle($request, Closure $next) { echo 'MyMiddleware is running!'; return $next($request); }
中間件不註冊是不能使用的。註冊方式有如下兩種,取其一便可。cookie
第一種,Kernel.php的$middleware數組中註冊,這種註冊後,全部的HTTP請求都將能夠啓動這個中間件,特別適合用在身份認證類的功能上。app
protected $middleware = [ \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\CheckForMaintenanceMode::class, \App\Http\Middleware\MyMiddleware::class, ];
第二種,Kernel.php的$routeMiddleware數組中註冊,這種註冊方式適用於部分指定頁面才能夠啓動這個中間件。函數
protected $routeMiddleware = [ 'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class, 'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class, 'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class, 'throttle' => \Illuminate\Routing\Middleware\ThrottleRequests::class, 'mymiddleware'=>\App\Http\Middleware\MyMiddleware::class, ];
請注意,註冊中間件,不是等於啓動中間件,註冊僅僅是讓你能用而已,可是具體調用仍是要另外寫的。this
若是你的View有對應的Controller,就直接在Controller裏寫。spa
class MyController extends Controller { public function index() { $this->middleware('MyMiddleware'); //你也能夠繼續使用其餘中間件 return View('welcome'); } }
若是路由裏直接綁定了一個匿名函數,能夠修改routes.php命令行
Route::get('/index',['middleware'=>'mymiddleware',function(){ return 'hello world'; }]);