自動配置原理css
xxxxAutoConfiguration:幫咱們給容器中自動配置組件;html xxxxProperties:配置類來封裝配置文件的內容;前端 |
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.resources", ignoreUnknownFields = false)java public class ResourceProperties implements ResourceLoaderAware {jquery //能夠設置和靜態資源有關的參數,緩存時間等git |
WebMvcAuotConfiguration:github @Overrideweb public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {spring if (!this.resourceProperties.isAddMappings()) {express logger.debug("Default resource handling disabled"); return; } Integer cachePeriod = this.resourceProperties.getCachePeriod(); if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern("/webjars/**")) { customizeResourceHandlerRegistration( registry.addResourceHandler("/webjars/**") .addResourceLocations( "classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/") .setCachePeriod(cachePeriod)); } String staticPathPattern = this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern(); //靜態資源文件夾映射 if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern(staticPathPattern)) { customizeResourceHandlerRegistration( registry.addResourceHandler(staticPathPattern) .addResourceLocations( this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations()) .setCachePeriod(cachePeriod)); } }
//配置index映射 @Bean public WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping( ResourceProperties resourceProperties) { return new WelcomePageHandlerMapping(resourceProperties.getWelcomePage(), this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern()); }
//配置圖標 @Configuration @ConditionalOnProperty(value = "spring.mvc.favicon.enabled", matchIfMissing = true) public static class FaviconConfiguration {
private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;
public FaviconConfiguration(ResourceProperties resourceProperties) { this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties; }
@Bean public SimpleUrlHandlerMapping faviconHandlerMapping() { SimpleUrlHandlerMapping mapping = new SimpleUrlHandlerMapping(); mapping.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 1); //全部 **/favicon.ico mapping.setUrlMap(Collections.singletonMap("**/favicon.ico", faviconRequestHandler())); return mapping; }
@Bean public ResourceHttpRequestHandler faviconRequestHandler() { ResourceHttpRequestHandler requestHandler = new ResourceHttpRequestHandler(); requestHandler .setLocations(this.resourceProperties.getFaviconLocations()); return requestHandler; }
} |
<!--引入jquery-webjar 在訪問的時候只須要寫webjars下面資源的名稱便可 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.webjars</groupId> <artifactId>jquery</artifactId> <version>3.3.1</version> </dependency> |
訪問:localhost:8080/webjars/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.js
"classpath:/META-INF/resources/", "classpath:/resources/", "classpath:/static/", "classpath:/public/" "/":當前項目的根路徑 |
訪問:http://localhost:8080/asserts/js/Chart.min.js
localhost:8080/abc ---> 去靜態資源文件夾裏面找abc
訪問:localhost:8080/
JSP、Velocity、Freemarker、Thymeleaf
SpringBoot推薦使用的Thymeleaf,語法更簡單,功能更強大.
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> <!--2.1.6--> </dependency> 切換thymeleaf版本 <properties> <thymeleaf.version>3.0.9.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version> <!-- 佈局功能的支持程序 thymeleaf3主程序 layout2以上版本 --> <!-- thymeleaf2 layout1--> <thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.2.2</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version> </properties> |
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.thymeleaf") public class ThymeleafProperties {
private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
private static final MimeType DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = MimeType.valueOf("text/html");
public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/";
public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html"; // |
把HTML頁面放在classpath:/templates/,thymeleaf就能自動渲染;
xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" |
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h1>成功!</h1> <!--th:text 將div裏面的文本內容設置爲 --> <div th:text="${hello}">這是顯示歡迎信息</div> </body> </html> |
th:任意html屬性;來替換原生屬性的值
Simple expressions:(表達式語法) Variable Expressions: ${...}:獲取變量值;OGNL; 1)、獲取對象的屬性、調用方法 2)、使用內置的基本對象: #ctx : the context object. #vars: the context variables. #locale : the context locale. #request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object. #response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object. #session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object. #servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
${session.foo} 3)、內置的一些工具對象: #execInfo : information about the template being processed. #messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax. #uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs #conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any). #dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc. #calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects. #numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects. #strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc. #objects : methods for objects in general. #bools : methods for boolean evaluation. #arrays : methods for arrays. #lists : methods for lists. #sets : methods for sets. #maps : methods for maps. #aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections. #ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).
Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}:選擇表達式:和${}在功能上是同樣; 補充:配合 th:object="${session.user}: <div th:object="${session.user}"> <p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p> <p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p> <p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p> </div>
Message Expressions: #{...}:獲取國際化內容 Link URL Expressions: @{...}:定義URL; @{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')} Fragment Expressions: ~{...}:片斷引用表達式 <div th:insert="~{commons :: main}">...</div>
Literals(字面量) Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,… Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,… Boolean literals: true , false Null literal: null Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,… Text operations:(文本操做) String concatenation: + Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}| Arithmetic operations:(數學運算) Binary operators: + , - , * , / , % Minus sign (unary operator): - Boolean operations:(布爾運算) Binary operators: and , or Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not Comparisons and equality:(比較運算) Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le ) Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne ) Conditional operators:條件運算(三元運算符) If-then: (if) ? (then) If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else) Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue) Special tokens: No-Operation: _ |
Spring Boot 自動配置SpringMVC
SpringBoot對SpringMVC的默認配置(WebMvcAutoConfiguration)
Inclusion of ContentNegotiatingViewResolver and BeanNameViewResolver beans.
自動配置了ViewResolver(視圖解析器:根據方法的返回值獲得視圖對象(View),視圖對象決定如何渲染(轉發?重定向?))
ContentNegotiatingViewResolver:組合全部的視圖解析器的
如何定製:咱們能夠本身給容器中添加一個視圖解析器;自動的將其組合進來;
Support for serving static resources, including support for WebJars (see below).
靜態資源文件夾路徑,webjars
Automatic registration of Converter, GenericConverter, Formatter beans.
Converter:轉換器; public String hello(User user):類型轉換使用Converter
Formatter格式化器; 2017.12.17===Date;
@Bean @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "date-format")//在文件中配置日期格式化的規則 public Formatter<Date> dateFormatter() { return new DateFormatter(this.mvcProperties.getDateFormat());//日期格式化組件 } |
本身添加的格式化器轉換器,咱們只須要放在容器中便可
Support for HttpMessageConverters (see below).
HttpMessageConverter:SpringMVC用來轉換Http請求和響應的;User--->Json;
`HttpMessageConverters` 是從容器中肯定;獲取全部的HttpMessageConverter;
本身給容器中添加HttpMessageConverter,只須要將本身的組件註冊容器中(@Bean,@Component)
Automatic registration of MessageCodesResolver (see below).
定義錯誤代碼生成規則
Static index.html support.
靜態首頁訪問
Custom Favicon support (see below).
自定義favicon.ico 圖標
Automatic use of a ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer bean (see below).
咱們能夠配置一個ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer來替換默認的;(添加到容器)
初始化WebDataBinder; 請求數據=====JavaBean; |
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web:web全部自動場景;
If you want to keep Spring Boot MVC features, and you just want to add additional MVC configuration (interceptors, formatters, view controllers etc.) you can add your own @Configuration class of type WebMvcConfigurerAdapter, but without @EnableWebMvc. If you wish to provide custom instances of RequestMappingHandlerMapping, RequestMappingHandlerAdapter or ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver you can declare a WebMvcRegistrationsAdapter instance providing such components.
<mvc:view-controller path="/hello" view-name="success"/> <mvc:interceptors> <mvc:interceptor> <mvc:mapping path="/hello"/> <bean></bean> </mvc:interceptor> </mvc:interceptors> |
編寫配置類(@Configuration),是WebMvcConfigurerAdapter類型;不能標註@EnableWebMvc;
在保留全部的自動配置狀況下,也能用咱們擴展的配置
//使用 WebMvcConfigurer能夠來擴展SpringMVC功能 //由於WebMvcConfigurerAdapter已通過時,因此咱們使用接口WebMvcConfigurer替代 @Configuration public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { @Override public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { //super.addViewControllers(registry) //瀏覽器發送/pluto請求來到success registry.addViewController("/pluto").setViewName("success"); } } |
原理解析:
@Configuration public static class EnableWebMvcConfiguration extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration { private final WebMvcConfigurerComposite configurers = new WebMvcConfigurerComposite();
//從容器中獲取全部的WebMvcConfigurer @Autowired(required = false) public void setConfigurers(List<WebMvcConfigurer> configurers) { if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(configurers)) { this.configurers.addWebMvcConfigurers(configurers); //一個參考實現;將全部的WebMvcConfigurer相關配置都來一塊兒調用; @Override // public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { // for (WebMvcConfigurer delegate : this.delegates) { // delegate.addViewControllers(registry); // } } } } |
結果:SpringMVC的自動配置和手寫的擴展配置都起做用;
SpringBoot對SpringMVC的自動配置不須要;本身配置全部配置;全部的SpringMVC自動配置使其失效。
須要在配置類中添加@EnableWebMvc便可;
//使用 WebMvcConfigurer能夠來擴展SpringMVC功能 //由於WebMvcConfigurerAdapter已通過時,因此咱們使用接口WebMvcConfigurer替代 @EnableWebMvc @Configuration public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { @Override public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { //super.addViewControllers(registry) //瀏覽器發送/pluto請求來到success registry.addViewController("/pluto").setViewName("success"); } } |
原理解析:@EnableWebMvc自動配置失效
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Target({ElementType.TYPE}) @Documented @Import({DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class}) public @interface EnableWebMvc { } |
@Configuration( proxyBeanMethods = false ) public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport { |
@Configuration( proxyBeanMethods = false ) @ConditionalOnWebApplication( type = Type.SERVLET ) @ConditionalOnClass({Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class, WebMvcConfigurer.class}) //容器中沒有這個組件的時候,這個自動配置類才生效 @ConditionalOnMissingBean({WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class}) @AutoConfigureOrder(-2147483638) @AutoConfigureAfter({DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class, TaskExecutionAutoConfiguration.class, ValidationAutoConfiguration.class}) public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration { |
模式:
//使用 WebMvcConfigurer能夠來擴展SpringMVC功能 //由於WebMvcConfigurerAdapter已通過時,因此咱們使用接口WebMvcConfigurer替代 //@EnableWebMvc @Configuration public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { @Override public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { //super.addViewControllers(registry) //瀏覽器發送/pluto請求來到success registry.addViewController("/pluto").setViewName("success"); }
//全部的WebMvcConfigurer組件會一塊兒起做用 //@Bean將組件註冊在容器中 @Bean
public WebMvcConfigurer webMvcConfigurer(){ WebMvcConfigurer dapter = new WebMvcConfigurer() { @Override public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login"); registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login"); } }; return dapter; } } |
實現步驟:
#login_zh_CN.properties login.btn=登陸 login.password=密碼 login.remember=記住我 login.tip=請登陸 login.username=用戶名
#login_en_US.properties login.btn=Sing In login.password=Password login.remember=remember me login.tip=Please sign in login.username=UserName
#login.properties login.btn=登陸~ login.password=密碼~ login.remember=記住我~ login.tip=請登陸~ login.username=用戶名~ |
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.messages") public class MessageSourceAutoConfiguration {
/** * Comma-separated list of basenames (essentially a fully-qualified classpath * location), each following the ResourceBundle convention with relaxed support for * slash based locations. If it doesn't contain a package qualifier (such as * "org.mypackage"), it will be resolved from the classpath root. */ private String basename = "messages"; //咱們的配置文件能夠直接放在類路徑下叫messages.properties;
@Bean public MessageSource messageSource() { ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource(); if (StringUtils.hasText(this.basename)) { //設置國際化資源文件的基礎名(去掉語言國家代碼的) messageSource.setBasenames(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray( StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(this.basename))); } if (this.encoding != null) { messageSource.setDefaultEncoding(this.encoding.name()); } messageSource.setFallbackToSystemLocale(this.fallbackToSystemLocale); messageSource.setCacheSeconds(this.cacheSeconds); messageSource.setAlwaysUseMessageFormat(this.alwaysUseMessageFormat); return messageSource; } |
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"> <meta name="description" content=""> <meta name="author" content=""> <title>Signin Template for Bootstrap</title> <!-- Bootstrap core CSS --> <link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" th:href="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.css}" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- Custom styles for this template --> <link href="asserts/css/signin.css" th:href="@{/asserts/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet"> </head>
<body class="text-center"> <form class="form-signin" action="dashboard.html"> <img class="mb-4" th:src="@{asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" src="asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72"> <h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" th:text="#{login.tip}">Please sign in</h1> <label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.username}">Username</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" th:placeholder="#{login.username}" required="" autofocus=""> <label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.password}">Password</label> <input type="password" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required=""> <div class="checkbox mb-3"> <label> <input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"> [[#{login.remember}]] </label> </div> <button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" th:text="#{login.btn}">Sign in</button> <p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2017-2018</p> <a class="btn btn-sm">中文</a> <a class="btn btn-sm">English</a> </form>
</body>
</html> |
若是出現亂碼的現象,那麼只須要從新改下編碼就行。能夠設置全局配置,也能夠設置項目配置。如下是全局配置
效果:根據瀏覽器語言設置的信息切換了國際化
原理解析:國際化Locale(區域信息對象);LocaleResolver(獲取區域信息對象)
@Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "locale") public LocaleResolver localeResolver() { if (this.mvcProperties .getLocaleResolver() == WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) { return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.mvcProperties.getLocale()); } AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver(); localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.mvcProperties.getLocale()); return localeResolver; } 默認的就是根據請求頭帶來的區域信息獲取Locale進行國際化 |
/** * 能夠在鏈接上攜帶區域信息 */ public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {
@Override public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) { String l = request.getParameter("l"); Locale locale = Locale.getDefault(); if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(l)){ String[] split = l.split("_"); locale = new Locale(split[0],split[1]); } return locale; }
@Override public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Locale locale) {
} }
@Bean public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){ return new MyLocaleResolver(); } } |
開發期間模板引擎頁面修改之後,若是想實時生效,須要執行如下兩個步驟
# 禁用緩存 spring.thymeleaf.cache=false |
頁面修改完成之後ctrl+f9 |
登錄錯誤消息的顯示
<p style="color: red" th:text="${msg}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}"></p> |
防止表單重複提交的辦法:重定向
#LoginController.java if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(username)&& "123456".equals(password)){ //登陸成功 防止表單重複提交,能夠重定向到主頁 return "redirect:/main.html"; |
#MyMvcConfig.java //全部的WebMvcConfigurer組件會一塊兒起做用 //@Bean將組件註冊在容器中 @Bean public WebMvcConfigurer webMvcConfigurer(){ WebMvcConfigurer dapter = new WebMvcConfigurer() { @Override public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login"); registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login"); registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard"); } }; return dapter; } |
/** * 登陸檢查 */ public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor{ //目標方法執行以前 @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { Object user = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser"); if(user==null){ //未登陸 返回登陸頁面 request.setAttribute("msg","沒有權限請先登陸"); request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request,response); return false; }else { //已登陸 放行請求 return true; } } } |
//全部的WebMvcConfigurer組件會一塊兒起做用 //@Bean將組件註冊在容器中 @Bean public WebMvcConfigurer webMvcConfigurer(){ WebMvcConfigurer dapter = new WebMvcConfigurer() { @Override public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login"); registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login"); registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard"); }
//註冊攔截器 @Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { //super.addInterceptors(registry); //靜態資源 *.css *.js //springboot已經作了靜態資源映射 registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**") .excludePathPatterns("/index.html","/","/user/login"); }
};
return dapter; } |
RestfulCRUD:CRUD知足Rest風格;
URI:/資源名稱/資源標識 HTTP請求方式區分對資源CRUD操做
|
普通CRUD(uri來區分操做) |
RestfulCRUD |
查詢 |
getEmp |
emp---GET |
添加 |
addEmp?xxx |
emp---POST |
修改 |
updateEmp?id=xxx&xxx=xx |
emp/{id}---PUT |
刪除 |
deleteEmp?id=1 |
emp/{id}---DELETE |
實驗功能 |
請求URI |
請求方式 |
查詢全部員工 |
emps |
GET |
查詢某個員工(來到修改頁面) |
emp/1 |
GET |
來到添加頁面 |
emp |
GET |
添加員工 |
emp |
POST |
來到修改頁面(查出員工進行信息回顯) |
emp/1 |
GET |
修改員工 |
emp |
PUT |
刪除員工 |
emp/1 |
DELETE |
thymeleaf公共頁面元素抽取
一、抽取公共片斷 <div th:fragment="copy"> © 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery </div>
二、引入公共片斷 <div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}"></div> ~{templatename::selector}:模板名::選擇器 ~{templatename::fragmentname}:模板名::片斷名
三、默認效果: insert的公共片斷在div標籤中 若是使用th:insert等屬性進行引入,能夠不用寫~{}: 行內寫法能夠加上:[[~{}]];[(~{})]; |
三種引入公共片斷的th屬性:
th:insert:將公共片斷整個插入到聲明引入的元素中
th:replace:將聲明引入的元素替換爲公共片斷
th:include:將被引入的片斷的內容包含進這個標籤中
<footer th:fragment="copy"> © 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery </footer>
引入方式 <div th:insert="footer :: copy"></div> <div th:replace="footer :: copy"></div> <div th:include="footer :: copy"></div>
效果 <div> <footer> © 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery </footer> </div>
<footer> © 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery </footer>
<div> © 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery </div> |
引入片斷的時候傳入參數
<nav class="col-md-2 d-none d-md-block bg-light sidebar" id="sidebar"> <div class="sidebar-sticky"> <ul class="nav flex-column"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link active" th:class="${activeUri=='main.html'?'nav-link active':'nav-link'}" href="#" th:href="@{/main.html}"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-home"> <path d="M3 9l9-7 9 7v11a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z"></path> <polyline points="9 22 9 12 15 12 15 22"></polyline> </svg> Dashboard <span class="sr-only">(current)</span> </a> </li>
<!--引入側邊欄;傳入參數--> <div th:replace="commons/bar::#sidebar(activeUri='emps')"></div> |
templates/emp/add.html
<form> <div class="form-group"> <label>LastName</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>Email</label> <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan@atguigu.com"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>Gender</label><br/> <div class="form-check form-check-inline"> <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1"> <label class="form-check-label">男</label> </div> <div class="form-check form-check-inline"> <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0"> <label class="form-check-label">女</label> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>department</label> <select class="form-control"> <option>1</option> <option>2</option> <option>3</option> <option>4</option> <option>5</option> </select> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>Birth</label> <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan"> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">添加</button> </form> |
若提交的日期格式不對,則會出現404
SpringMVC將頁面提交的值須要轉換爲指定的類型
spring: mvc: format: date: yyyy-MM-dd |
<!--須要區分是員工修改仍是添加;--> <form th:action="@{/emp}" method="post"> <!--發送put請求修改員工數據--> <!-- 一、SpringMVC中配置HiddenHttpMethodFilter;(SpringBoot自動配置好的) 二、頁面建立一個post表單 三、建立一個input項,name="_method";值就是咱們指定的請求方式 --> <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put" th:if="${emp!=null}"/> <input type="hidden" name="id" th:if="${emp!=null}" th:value="${emp.id}"> <div class="form-group"> <label>LastName</label> <input name="lastName" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.lastName}"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>Email</label> <input name="email" type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan@atguigu.com" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.email}"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>Gender</label><br/> <div class="form-check form-check-inline"> <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==1}"> <label class="form-check-label">男</label> </div> <div class="form-check form-check-inline"> <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==0}"> <label class="form-check-label">女</label> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>department</label> <!--提交的是部門的id--> <select class="form-control" name="department.id"> <option th:selected="${emp!=null}?${dept.id == emp.department.id}" th:value="${dept.id}" th:each="dept:${depts}" th:text="${dept.departmentName}">1</option> </select> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label>Birth</label> <input name="birth" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}"> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" th:text="${emp!=null}?'修改':'添加'">添加</button> </form> |
<tr th:each="emp:${emps}"> <td th:text="${emp.id}"></td> <td>[[${emp.lastName}]]</td> <td th:text="${emp.email}"></td> <td th:text="${emp.gender}==0?'女':'男'"></td> <td th:text="${emp.department.departmentName}"></td> <td th:text="${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}"></td> <td> <a class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" th:href="@{/emp/}+${emp.id}">編輯</a> <button th:attr="del_uri=@{/emp/}+${emp.id}" class="btn btn-sm btn-danger deleteBtn">刪除</button> </td> </tr>
<script> $(".deleteBtn").click(function(){ //刪除當前員工的 $("#deleteEmpForm").attr("action",$(this).attr("del_uri")).submit(); return false; }); </script> |
瀏覽器:返回一個默認的錯誤頁面
瀏覽器發送請求的請求頭
其它客戶端:默認響應一個json數據
ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration:錯誤處理自動配置
幫咱們在頁面共享信息; @Override public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(RequestAttributes requestAttributes, boolean includeStackTrace) { Map<String, Object> errorAttributes = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>(); errorAttributes.put("timestamp", new Date()); addStatus(errorAttributes, requestAttributes); addErrorDetails(errorAttributes, requestAttributes, includeStackTrace); addPath(errorAttributes, requestAttributes); return errorAttributes; } |
@Controller @RequestMapping({"${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}"}) public class BasicErrorController extends AbstractErrorController { private final ErrorProperties errorProperties; |
#產生html類型的數據,瀏覽器發送的請求來到這個方法處理 @RequestMapping( produces = {"text/html"} ) public ModelAndView errorHtml(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { HttpStatus status = this.getStatus(request); Map<String, Object> model = Collections.unmodifiableMap(this.getErrorAttributes(request, this.getErrorAttributeOptions(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML))); response.setStatus(status.value()); //到那個頁面做爲錯誤頁面;包含頁面地址和頁面內容 ModelAndView modelAndView = this.resolveErrorView(request, response, status, model); return modelAndView != null ? modelAndView : new ModelAndView("error", model); }
#產生json數據,其餘客戶端來到這個方法處理 @RequestMapping public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error(HttpServletRequest request) { HttpStatus status = this.getStatus(request); if (status == HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT) { return new ResponseEntity(status); } else { Map<String, Object> body = this.getErrorAttributes(request, this.getErrorAttributeOptions(request, MediaType.ALL)); return new ResponseEntity(body, status); } } |
#系統出現錯誤後到error請求進行處理 #web.xml註冊的錯誤頁面規則 public class ErrorProperties { @Value("${error.path:/error}") private String path = "/error"; |
@Override public ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request, HttpStatus status, Map<String, Object> model) { ModelAndView modelAndView = resolve(String.valueOf(status), model); if (modelAndView == null && SERIES_VIEWS.containsKey(status.series())) { modelAndView = resolve(SERIES_VIEWS.get(status.series()), model); } return modelAndView; }
private ModelAndView resolve(String viewName, Map<String, Object> model) { //默認SpringBoot能夠去找到一個頁面? error/404 String errorViewName = "error/" + viewName;
//模板引擎能夠解析這個頁面地址就用模板引擎解析 TemplateAvailabilityProvider provider = this.templateAvailabilityProviders .getProvider(errorViewName, this.applicationContext); if (provider != null) { //模板引擎可用的狀況下返回到errorViewName指定的視圖地址 return new ModelAndView(errorViewName, model); } //模板引擎不可用,就在靜態資源文件夾下找errorViewName對應的頁面 error/404.html return resolveResource(errorViewName, model); } |
系統出現4xx或者5xx的錯誤;ErrorPageCustomizer就會生效(定製錯誤的響應規則);來到/error請求;被BasicErrorController處理;
頁面是由DefaultErrorViewResolver解析獲得的
protected ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, HttpStatus status, Map<String, Object> model) { //全部的ErrorViewResolver獲得ModelAndView for (ErrorViewResolver resolver : this.errorViewResolvers) { ModelAndView modelAndView = resolver.resolveErrorView(request, status, model); if (modelAndView != null) { return modelAndView; } } return null; } |
有模板引擎的狀況下;error/狀態碼;將錯誤頁面命名爲 錯誤狀態碼.html 放在模板引擎文件夾裏面的 error文件夾下
咱們可使用4xx和5xx做爲錯誤頁面的文件名來匹配這種類型的全部錯誤,精確優先(優先尋找精確的狀態碼.html);
頁面能獲取的信息
|
|
timestamp |
時間戳 |
status |
狀態碼 |
error |
錯誤提示 |
exception |
異常對象 |
message |
異常消息 |
errors |
JSR303數據校驗的錯誤 |
模板引擎找不到這個錯誤頁面,靜態資源文件夾下找;
以上都沒有錯誤頁面,就是默認來到SpringBoot默認的錯誤提示頁面;
SpringBoot默認使用Tomcat做爲嵌入式的Servlet容器
server.port=8081 server.context-path=/crud server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8
//通用的Servlet容器設置 server.xxx //Tomcat的設置 server.tomcat.xxx |
編寫WebServerFactoryCustomizer:嵌入式Servlet容器定製器;修改Servlet容器的配置
//spring1.0支持 EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer //spring2.0支持 webServerFactoryCustomizer //參考文檔:https://blog.csdn.net/Stitch__/article/details/88751497 @Bean public WebServerFactoryCustomizer webServerFactoryCustomizer(){
return new WebServerFactoryCustomizer <ConfigurableWebServerFactory>() {
//定製嵌入式的servlet容器相關規則 @Override public void customize(ConfigurableWebServerFactory factory) { factory.setPort(8088); } }; } |
註冊三大組件用如下方式:ServletRegistrationBean、FilterRegistrationBean、ServletListenerRegistrationBean
@Bean public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter(){ FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); registrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter()); registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet")); return registrationBean; } |
@Bean public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter(){ FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(); registrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter()); registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet")); return registrationBean; } |
@Bean public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener(){ ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> registrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean(new MyListener()); return registrationBean; } |
SpringBoot幫咱們自動SpringMVC的時候,自動的註冊SpringMVC的前端控制器;DIspatcherServlet;
@Bean( name = {"dispatcherServletRegistration"} ) @ConditionalOnBean( value = {DispatcherServlet.class}, name = {"dispatcherServlet"} ) public DispatcherServletRegistrationBean dispatcherServletRegistration(DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet, WebMvcProperties webMvcProperties, ObjectProvider<MultipartConfigElement> multipartConfig) { DispatcherServletRegistrationBean registration = new DispatcherServletRegistrationBean(dispatcherServlet, webMvcProperties.getServlet().getPath()); //默認攔截:/ 全部請求 包括靜態資源 可是不攔截jsp /*會攔截jsp //能夠經過server.serverletPath修改SrpingMVC前段控制器默認攔截的請求 registration.setName("dispatcherServlet"); registration.setLoadOnStartup(webMvcProperties.getServlet().getLoadOnStartup()); multipartConfig.ifAvailable(registration::setMultipartConfig); return registration; } } |
Tomcat(默認使用)
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 引入web模塊默認就是使用嵌入式的Tomcat做爲Servlet容器; </dependency> |
目前只在springboot1.5.10版本上能夠成功,spring2.0版本的都有錯誤
<!-- 引入web模塊 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency>
<!--引入其餘的Servlet容器--> <dependency> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> </dependency> |
Undertow在springBoot1.5.10和SpringBoot2.0都成功運行
<!-- 引入web模塊 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency>
<!--引入其餘的Servlet容器--> <dependency> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> </dependency> |
EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration:嵌入式的Servlet容器自動配置
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE) @Configuration @ConditionalOnWebApplication @Import(BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class) //導入BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar:Spring註解版;給容器中導入一些組件 //導入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor: //後置處理器:bean初始化先後(建立完對象,還沒賦值賦值)執行初始化工做 public class EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration {
@Configuration @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Tomcat.class })//判斷當前是否引入了Tomcat依賴; @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)//判斷當前容器沒有用戶本身定義EmbeddedServletContainerFactory:嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠;做用:建立嵌入式的Servlet容器 public static class EmbeddedTomcat {
@Bean public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() { return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory(); }
}
/** * Nested configuration if Jetty is being used. */ @Configuration @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Server.class, Loader.class, WebAppContext.class }) @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT) public static class EmbeddedJetty {
@Bean public JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory jettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() { return new JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory(); }
}
/** * Nested configuration if Undertow is being used. */ @Configuration @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, Undertow.class, SslClientAuthMode.class }) @ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT) public static class EmbeddedUndertow {
@Bean public UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory undertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() { return new UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory(); }
} |
EmbeddedServletContainerFactory:嵌入式Servlet容器工廠
public interface EmbeddedServletContainerFactory {
//獲取嵌入式的Servlet容器 EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer( ServletContextInitializer... initializers);
} |
EmbeddedServletContainer:嵌入式的Servlet容器
@Override public EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer( ServletContextInitializer... initializers) { //建立一個Tomcat Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
//配置Tomcat的基本環節 File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null ? this.baseDirectory : createTempDir("tomcat")); tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath()); Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol); tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector); customizeConnector(connector); tomcat.setConnector(connector); tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false); configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine()); for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) { tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector); } prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers);
//將配置好的Tomcat傳入進去,返回一個EmbeddedServletContainer;而且啓動Tomcat服務器 return getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(tomcat); } |
對嵌入式容器的配置修改是須要一下支持生效
ServerProperties、EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer |
EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor
容器中導入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor
//初始化以前 @Override public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException { //若是當前初始化的是一個ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer類型的組件 if (bean instanceof ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) { // postProcessBeforeInitialization((ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) bean); } return bean; }
private void postProcessBeforeInitialization( ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer bean) { //獲取全部的定製器,調用每個定製器的customize方法來給Servlet容器進行屬性賦值; for (EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer customizer : getCustomizers()) { customizer.customize(bean); } }
private Collection<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer> getCustomizers() { if (this.customizers == null) { // Look up does not include the parent context this.customizers = new ArrayList<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer>( this.beanFactory //從容器中獲取全部這葛類型的組件:EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer //定製Servlet容器,給容器中能夠添加一個EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer類型的組件 .getBeansOfType(EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer.class, false, false) .values()); Collections.sort(this.customizers, AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE); this.customizers = Collections.unmodifiableList(this.customizers); } return this.customizers; }
ServerProperties也是定製器 |
1).SpringBoot根據導入的依賴狀況,給容器中添加相應的
EmbeddedServletContainerFactory【TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory】
2).容器中某個組件要建立對象就會驚動後置處理器
EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor;只要是嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠,後置處理器就工做;
3).後置處理器,從容器中獲取全部的EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer,調用定製器的定製方法
問題:
①.什麼時候建立嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠
②.什麼時候獲取嵌入式的Servlet容器並啓動Tomcat
refreshContext(context);
SpringBoot刷新IOC容器【建立IOC容器對象,並初始化容器,建立容器中的每個組件】;
若是是web應用建立AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext,不然:AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
refresh(context);
refresh刷新剛纔建立好的ioc容器;
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException { synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) { // Prepare this context for refreshing. prepareRefresh();
// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory. ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context. prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try { // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses. postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context. invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation. registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Initialize message source for this context. initMessageSource();
// Initialize event multicaster for this context. initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses. onRefresh();
// Check for listener beans and register them. registerListeners();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons. finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// Last step: publish corresponding event. finishRefresh(); }
catch (BeansException ex) { if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) { logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " + "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex); }
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources. destroyBeans();
// Reset 'active' flag. cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller. throw ex; }
finally { // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore... resetCommonCaches(); } } } |
onRefresh()web的ioc容器重寫了onRefresh方法
5].createEmbeddedServletContainer
webioc容器會建立嵌入式的Servlet容器;
createEmbeddedServletContainer();
|
6].獲取嵌入式的Servlet容器工廠
EmbeddedServletContainerFactory containerFactory = getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory(); |
從ioc容器中獲取EmbeddedServletContainerFactory 組件;TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory建立對象,後置處理器一看是這個對象,就獲取全部的定製器來先定製Servlet容器的相關配置;
this.embeddedServletContainer = containerFactory.getEmbeddedServletContainer(getSelfInitializer()); |
先啓動嵌入式的Servlet容器,再將ioc容器中剩下沒有建立出的對象獲取出來
IOC容器啓動建立嵌入式的Servlet容器
嵌入式Servlet容器:應用打成可執行的jar
嵌入式Servlet容器優勢:簡單、便攜
嵌入式Servlet容器缺點:默認不支持JSP、優化定製比較複雜(使用定製器[ServerProperties、自定義EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer[,本身編寫嵌入式Servlet容器的建立工廠[EmbeddedServletContainerFactory[);
外置式Servlet容器:外面安裝Tomcat---應用war包的方式打包;
利用idea建立好目錄結構
將嵌入式的Tomcat指定爲provided
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> |
編寫一個SpringBootServletInitializer的子類,並調用configure方法
public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
@Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) { //傳入SpringBoot應用的主程序 return application.sources(SpringBoot04WebJspApplication.class); }
} |
jar包:執行SpringBoot主類main方法,啓動ioc容器,建立嵌入式Servlet容器;
war包:啓動服務器,服務器啓動SpringBoot應用[SpringBootServletInitializer],啓動ioc容器;
Spring的web模塊裏面有這個文件:
org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer
將@HandlesTypes(WebApplicationInitializer.class)標註的全部這個類型的類都傳入到onStartup方法的Set<Class<?>>;爲這些WebApplicationInitializer類型的類建立實例;
protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext( ServletContext servletContext) { //一、建立SpringApplicationBuilder SpringApplicationBuilder builder = createSpringApplicationBuilder(); StandardServletEnvironment environment = new StandardServletEnvironment(); environment.initPropertySources(servletContext, null); builder.environment(environment); builder.main(getClass()); ApplicationContext parent = getExistingRootWebApplicationContext(servletContext); if (parent != null) { this.logger.info("Root context already created (using as parent)."); servletContext.setAttribute( WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, null); builder.initializers(new ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer(parent)); } builder.initializers( new ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer(servletContext)); builder.contextClass(AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext.class);
//調用configure方法,子類重寫了這個方法,將SpringBoot的主程序類傳入了進來 builder = configure(builder);
//使用builder建立一個Spring應用 SpringApplication application = builder.build(); if (application.getSources().isEmpty() && AnnotationUtils .findAnnotation(getClass(), Configuration.class) != null) { application.getSources().add(getClass()); } Assert.state(!application.getSources().isEmpty(), "No SpringApplication sources have been defined. Either override the " + "configure method or add an @Configuration annotation"); // Ensure error pages are registered if (this.registerErrorPageFilter) { application.getSources().add(ErrorPageFilterConfiguration.class); } //啓動Spring應用 return run(application); } |
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) { StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch(); stopWatch.start(); ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null; FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null; configureHeadlessProperty(); SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args); listeners.starting(); try { ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments( args); ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments); Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment); context = createApplicationContext(); analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context); prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);
//刷新IOC容器 refreshContext(context); afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments); listeners.finished(context, null); stopWatch.stop(); if (this.logStartupInfo) { new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass) .logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch); } return context; } catch (Throwable ex) { handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex); throw new IllegalStateException(ex); } } |
重要:啓動Servlet容器,再啓動SpringBoot應用
參考文檔
https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.9.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#howto-use-thymeleaf-3
https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/releases
https://github.com/ultraq/thymeleaf-layout-dialect/releases