C和指針 第十五章 習題
15.8 十六進制傾印碼函數
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
//輸入流
FILE *source;
//左側行號區域
int line = 0;
//讀入的個數
size_t readCount;
//循環計數
int idx;
//一個字節的16進制字符串
char hex[4];
//16進制顯示區域,32個16進制加上3個空白
char hexArea[36] = {'\0'};
//字符顯示區域
char alphaArea[17];
//存放讀取數據
char buffer[17];
if(argc > 1){
//argv第二個是參數
source = fopen(*(argv + 1), "rb");
}else{
//若是沒有文件名，標準輸入當作輸入源
source = stdin;
}
//source流檢查
if(source == NULL){
printf("[%s] %d\n", *(argv + 1) , argc);
perror("\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
//循環直到文件結束
while(!feof(source)){
//讀取16個字節，若是沒有讀取剩下的字節
readCount = fread(buffer, sizeof(char), 16, source);
for(idx = 0; idx < readCount; idx++){
//轉換成大寫16進制
sprintf(hex, "%02X", buffer[idx]);
//四個字節一個空格
if(idx > 0 && (idx % 4) == 3){
strcat(hex, " ");
strcat(hexArea, hex);
}else{
strcat(hexArea, hex);
}
if(isprint(buffer[idx])){
alphaArea[idx] = buffer[idx];
}else{
alphaArea[idx] = '.';
}
}
alphaArea[readCount] = '\0';
printf("%06x %-36s*%-16s*\n", line * 16, hexArea, alphaArea);
line++;
hexArea[0] = '\0';
alphaArea[0] = '\0';
}
return 0;
}
/home/mao/test文件內容：命令行
運行：blog
15.9 fgrep實現ip
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MAX_BUF 510
int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
FILE *file;
char buff[MAX_BUF];
char search[MAX_BUF];
char currentFile[MAX_BUF];
int lineNumber;
//目標字符串
strcpy(search, *(argv + 1));
if(argc > 2){
//文件打開
argv += 2;
while(*(argv) != NULL){
strcpy(currentFile, *argv);
file = fopen(currentFile, "r");
if(file == NULL){
perror(currentFile);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
lineNumber = 1;
while(fgets(buff, MAX_BUF, file) != NULL){
//讀取文件之後，進行比對，若是找到打印信息，若是沒有，繼續讀
if(strstr(buff, search) != NULL){
printf("%-10s:%-5d %s\n", currentFile, lineNumber, buff);
}
lineNumber++;
}
//下一個文件
argv++;
}
}else{
//標準輸入打開
while(fgets(buff, MAX_BUF, stdin) != NULL){
if(strstr(buff, search) != NULL){
printf("%s %s\n", search, buff);
}else{
printf("no found %s in %s\n", search, buff);
}
}
}
return 0;
}
目錄下三個文件1.txt 2.txt 3.txt，運行：資源
15.10 校驗checkSum字符串
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MAX_BUF 100
int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
FILE *file;
FILE *cksFile;
char cksFileName[MAX_BUF];
char currentFile[MAX_BUF];
int ch;
int isToFile = 0;
unsigned short int checkNum;
if(argc > 1){
//文件輸入，檢查是否 -f
if(strcmp(*(argv + 1), "-f") == 0){
isToFile = 1;
//檢查-f是否合法
if(argc == 2){
printf("-f illegal when reading standard input");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
//指向-f後的文件名
argv += 2;
}else{
argv += 1;
}
//開始校驗文件
while(*argv != NULL){
//保存當前文件名
strcpy(currentFile, *argv);
if(isToFile){
//生成並打開cks文件流
strcpy(cksFileName, currentFile);
strcat(cksFileName, ".cks");
cksFile = fopen(cksFileName, "w");
if(cksFile == NULL){
perror("");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
}
//打開須要讀入的文件
file = fopen(currentFile, "r");
if(file == NULL){
perror("");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
//開始計算checkSum
checkNum = 0;
while((ch = fgetc(file)) != EOF){
checkNum += ch;
}
//輸出checkSum
if(isToFile){
fprintf(cksFile, "%5s checkSum: %hu", currentFile, checkNum);
fclose(cksFile);
}else{
printf("%5s checkSum: %hu", currentFile, checkNum);
}
//關閉文件流，並準備打開下一個文件
fclose(file);
argv++;
}
}else{
//處理標準輸入
checkNum = 0;
while((ch = getchar()) != EOF){
checkNum += ch;
}
printf("%u\n", checkNum);
}
return 0;
}
運行：get
15.11 商品存貨記錄input
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MAX_DES_BUF 40
#define MAX_BUF 20
#define SUCCESS 1
#define FAILED 0
//單件商品信息結構體
typedef struct {
//商品描述
char description[MAX_DES_BUF];
//商品數量
unsigned int quantity;
//商品價格
float price;
//商品總價值
float totalPrice;
//已售利潤
float profit;
//是否已刪除標示
short int isDeleted;
//行號
unsigned int lineNum;
} GoodsMsg;
//添加記錄成功返回 SUCCESS 失敗FAILED
int newRecord(char *order, FILE *file);
//購買
int buyRecord(char *order, FILE *file);
//出售
int sellRecord(char *order, FILE *file);
//刪除
int delRecord(char *order, FILE *file);
//打印
int printPartRecord(char *order, FILE *file);
//打印全部
void printRecord(FILE *file);
//計算總價值
float totalPrice(FILE *file);
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
FILE *file;
char FileName[MAX_DES_BUF];
char order[MAX_DES_BUF];
//沒有指定文件名，生成記錄文件
if(argc == 1){
strcpy(FileName, "D:\\GoodsRecord.txt");
}else{
strcpy(FileName, *(argv + 1));
}
//打開文件流,若是文件不存在，則從新生成文件
file = fopen(FileName, "rb+");
if(file == NULL){
//新建文件
file = fopen(FileName, "wb+");
if(file == NULL){
perror("");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}else{
printf("Create File %s", FileName);
}
}else{
printf("open file %s", FileName);
}
printf("$:");
//讀取命令
while(fgets(order, 40, stdin) != NULL){
//匹配命令
if(strncmp(order, "end", 3) == 0){
//結束
printf("bye bye\n");
break;
}else if(strncmp(order, "new", 3) == 0){
//添加記錄
if(newRecord(order, file) == SUCCESS){
printf("\nnew success: %s\n", order);
}
}else if(strncmp(order, "buy", 3) == 0) {
if(buyRecord(order, file) == SUCCESS){
printf("buy: %s\n", order);
}
}else if(strncmp(order, "sell", 4) == 0) {
if(sellRecord(order, file) == SUCCESS){
printf("sell: %s\n", order);
}
}else if(strncmp(order, "delete", 6) == 0) {
if(delRecord(order, file) == SUCCESS){
printf("del: %s\n", order);
}
}else if(strncmp(order, "print all", 9) == 0) {
printRecord(file);
}else if(strncmp(order, "print", 5) == 0) {
printPartRecord(order, file);
}else if(strncmp(order, "total", 5) == 0) {
printf("total: %f\n", totalPrice(file));
}else{
printf("unknow order\n");
}
printf("$:");
}
fclose(file);
return 0;
}
//添加記錄成功返回 SUCCESS 失敗FAILED
int newRecord(char *order, FILE *file)
{
//須要寫入文件商品信息結構體
GoodsMsg *good = (GoodsMsg *)malloc(sizeof(GoodsMsg));
//文件讀取的臨時結構體
GoodsMsg *temp = (GoodsMsg *)malloc(sizeof(GoodsMsg));
//行號
unsigned int lineNum = 1;
//商品價格
float price = 0;
//商品數量
unsigned int quantity;
//商品描述
char descript[MAX_BUF] = {'\0'};
//重置流的位置從頭開始讀取
rewind(file);
//將命令行格式化輸入參數中
if(sscanf(order, "new %s , %u , %f\n", descript, &quantity, &price) == 3){
//初始化數據;
strcpy(good -> description, descript);
good -> quantity = quantity;
good -> price = price;
good -> totalPrice = price * quantity;
good -> profit = 0;
good -> isDeleted = 0;
//尋找插入位置,寫在已刪除商品位置，仍是文件末尾添加
while(fread(temp, sizeof(GoodsMsg), 1, file)){
//查找已刪除產品
if(temp -> isDeleted == 1){
//定位到該條信息前，準備覆蓋信息
fseek(file, -sizeof(GoodsMsg), SEEK_CUR);
break;
}else{
//wb+模式中,讀以後若是須要寫,則需定位到當前位置
fseek(file, 0L, SEEK_CUR);
}
lineNum++;
}
//添加行號
good -> lineNum = lineNum;
//寫入商品信息
fwrite(good, sizeof(GoodsMsg), 1, file);
//寫入緩衝並釋放資源
fflush(file);
free(temp);
free(good);
return SUCCESS;
}
return FAILED;
}
//購買
int buyRecord(char *order, FILE *file)
{
//讀取的商品結構體
GoodsMsg *good = (GoodsMsg *)malloc(sizeof(GoodsMsg));
unsigned int partNumber;
unsigned int quantity;
float price;
rewind(file);
//命令符合格式
if(sscanf(order, "buy %u , %u , %f\n", &partNumber, &quantity, &price) == 3) {
//查看數據更新位置
while (fread(good, sizeof(GoodsMsg), 1, file)) {
//查找產品位置
if (good->lineNum == partNumber) {
//定位到該條信息前
fseek(file, -sizeof(GoodsMsg), SEEK_CUR);
//從新計算均價和商品總價值
good -> totalPrice = (good -> totalPrice) + quantity * price;
good -> quantity = (good -> quantity) + quantity;
good -> price = (good -> totalPrice) / good -> quantity;
//更新商品信息
fwrite(good, sizeof(GoodsMsg), 1, file);
fflush(file);
return SUCCESS;
}
}
//其餘狀況都返回FAILED
}
return FAILED;
}
//出售
int sellRecord(char *order, FILE *file)
{
GoodsMsg *temp = (GoodsMsg *)malloc(sizeof(GoodsMsg));
unsigned int partNumber;
unsigned int quantity;
float sellPrice;
rewind(file);
//命令符合格式
if(sscanf(order, "sell %u , %u , %f\n", &partNumber, &quantity, &sellPrice) == 3) {
//查看數據更新位置
while (fread(temp, sizeof(GoodsMsg), 1, file)) {
//查找產品
if (temp->lineNum == partNumber) {
//定位到該條信息前，準備覆蓋信息
fseek(file, -sizeof(GoodsMsg), SEEK_CUR);
temp -> totalPrice = (temp -> totalPrice) - quantity * (temp -> price);
temp -> quantity = (temp -> quantity) - quantity;
temp -> profit = temp -> profit + (sellPrice - temp -> price) * quantity;
fwrite(temp, sizeof(GoodsMsg), 1, file);
fflush(file);
return SUCCESS;
}
}
//其餘狀況都返回FAILED
}
return FAILED;
}
//刪除,只需將isDelete置爲1
int delRecord(char *order, FILE *file)
{
GoodsMsg *temp = (GoodsMsg *)malloc(sizeof(GoodsMsg));
unsigned int partNumber;
rewind(file);
//命令符合格式
if(sscanf(order, "delete %u\n", &partNumber) == 1) {
//查看數據更新位置
while (fread(temp, sizeof(GoodsMsg), 1, file)) {
//查找產品
if (temp->lineNum == partNumber) {
//定位到該條信息前，準備覆蓋信息
fseek(file, -sizeof(GoodsMsg), SEEK_CUR);
temp -> isDeleted = 1;
fwrite(temp, sizeof(GoodsMsg), 1, file);
fflush(file);
return SUCCESS;
}
}
//其餘狀況都返回FAILED
}
return FAILED;
}
//打印
int printPartRecord(char *order, FILE *file)
{
GoodsMsg *temp = (GoodsMsg *)malloc(sizeof(GoodsMsg));
unsigned int partNumber;
rewind(file);
//命令符合格式
if(sscanf(order, "print %u\n", &partNumber) == 1) {
//查看數據更新位置
while (fread(temp, sizeof(GoodsMsg), 1, file)) {
//在未刪除產品中查找
if (temp->lineNum == partNumber && temp -> isDeleted == 0) {
//打印信息
printf("\nid:%4u %u %.2f %.2f %20s\n", temp -> lineNum, temp -> quantity, temp -> price, temp -> totalPrice, temp -> description);
return SUCCESS;
}
}
//其餘狀況都返回FAILED
}
return FAILED;
}
//打印全部
void printRecord(FILE *file)
{
GoodsMsg *temp = (GoodsMsg *)malloc(sizeof(GoodsMsg));
rewind(file);
printf("\nid quan price totalPric descprition\n");
//命令符合格式
while (fread(temp, sizeof(GoodsMsg), 1, file)) {
//打印全部未刪除商品
if(temp -> isDeleted == 0){
printf("id:%-4u%-4u %.2f %.2f\t%-20s\n", temp -> lineNum, temp -> quantity, temp -> price, temp -> totalPrice, temp -> description);
}
}
printf("--------------------------------------------\n");
}
//計算總價值
float totalPrice(FILE *file)
{
float totalPrice = 0;
GoodsMsg *temp = (GoodsMsg *)malloc(sizeof(GoodsMsg));
rewind(file);
//命令符合格式
while (fread(temp, sizeof(GoodsMsg), 1, file)) {
//打印信息
totalPrice += temp -> totalPrice;
}
return totalPrice;
}
運行：string
注意：若是wb+打開文件須要讀取，那麼在讀取以前須要fflush或文件定位函數，fseek，fsetpos, rewind。若是rb+打開文件，須要寫入，必須調用文件定位函數，fseek，fsetpos, rewind。產品
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