使用nginx搭建高可用，高併發的wcf集羣

時間 2019-11-11

標籤使用 nginx 搭建可用併發 wcf 集羣欄目 Nginx 简体版

原文原文鏈接

不少狀況下基於wcf的複雜均衡都首選zookeeper，這樣能夠擁有更好的控制粒度，但zk對C# 不大友好，實現起來相對來講比較麻煩，實際狀況下，若是php

你的負載機制粒度很粗糙的話，優先使用nginx就能夠搞定，既能夠實現複雜均衡，又能夠實現雙機熱備，以最小的代碼量實現咱們的業務，下面具體分享下。html

一：準備的材料nginx

1. 話很少說，一圖勝千言，圖中的服務器都是採用vmware虛擬化，以下圖：c++

《1》三臺windows機器，兩個WCF的windows服務器承載(192.168.23.187,192.168.23.188)，一臺Client的服務器(192.168.23.1)web

《2》一臺Centos機器，用來承載web複雜均衡nginx（192.168.23.190）。vim

《3》在全部的Client的Hosts文件中增長host映射：【192.168.23.190 cluster.com】，方便經過域名的形式訪問nginx所在服務器的ip地址。windows

二：環境搭建後端

1. WCF程序centos

既然是測試，確定就是簡單的程序，代碼就不徹底給出了。服務器

《1》 HomeService實現類代碼以下（輸出當前server的ip地址，方便查看）：

 1     public class HomeService : IHomeService
 2     {
 3         public string DoWork(string msg)
 4         {
 5             var ip = Dns.GetHostAddresses(Dns.GetHostName()).FirstOrDefault(i => i.AddressFamily ==
 6                                                                AddressFamily.InterNetwork).ToString();
 7 
 8             return string.Format("當前 request 由 server={0} 返回", ip);
 9         }
10     }

《2》 App.Config代碼

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
 2 <configuration>
 3   <startup>
 4     <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5.2" />
 5   </startup>
 6   <system.serviceModel>
 7     <behaviors>
 8       <serviceBehaviors>
 9         <behavior name="">
10           <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true" />
11           <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
12         </behavior>
13       </serviceBehaviors>
14     </behaviors>
15     <services>
16       <service name="WcfService.HomeService">
17         <endpoint address="/HomeService" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="WcfService.IHomeService">
18           <identity>
19             <dns value="localhost" />
20           </identity>
21         </endpoint>
22         <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
23         <host>
24           <baseAddresses>
25             <add baseAddress="http://192.168.23.187:8733" />
26           </baseAddresses>
27         </host>
28       </service>
29     </services>
30   </system.serviceModel>
31 </configuration>

由於windows的兩臺機器的ip地址是192.168.23.187，192.168.23.188，因此部署的時候注意一下config中的baseAddress地址。

2. centos上的nginx搭建

nginx我想你們用的仍是比較多的，去官網下載最新的就好【nginx-1.13.6】：http://nginx.org/en/download.html，下載以後，就是常規的三板斧安裝！！！

[root@localhost nginx-1.13.6]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ automake pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel
[root@localhost nginx-1.13.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/myapp/nginx
[root@localhost nginx-1.13.6]# make && make install

而後在nginx的安裝目錄下面找到conf文件，修改裏面的nginx.conf 配置。

[root@localhost nginx]# cd conf
[root@localhost conf]# ls
fastcgi.conf            koi-utf             nginx.conf           uwsgi_params
fastcgi.conf.default    koi-win             nginx.conf.default   uwsgi_params.default
fastcgi_params          mime.types          scgi_params          win-utf
fastcgi_params.default  mime.types.default  scgi_params.default
[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf

詳細配置以下，注意下面「標紅」的地方，權重按照1：5的方式進行調用，關於其餘的配置，你們能夠在網上搜一下就能夠了。

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

 upstream cluster.com{ server 192.168.23.187:8733 weight=1;
                 server 192.168.23.188:8733 weight=5; }

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

 location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
            proxy_pass http://cluster.com; 
            #設置主機頭和客戶端真實地址，以便服務器獲取客戶端真實IP
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP $remote_addr; }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

3. client端的程序搭建

《1》第一件事就是將 192.168.23.190 映射到本機的host中去，由於服務不提供給第三方使用，因此加host仍是很輕鬆的。

192.168.23.190 cluster.com

《2》而後就是client端程序添加服務引用，由於添加了host映射，因此服務引用地址就是"http://cluster.com"。代碼以下：

 1     class Program
 2     {
 3         static void Main(string[] args)
 4         {
 5             for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
 6             {
 7                 HomeServiceClient client = new HomeServiceClient();
 8 
 9                 var info = client.DoWork("hello world!");
10 
11                 Console.WriteLine(info);
12 
13                 System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);
14             }
15 
16             Console.Read();
17         }
18     }