Thymeleaf是一個Java庫。它是一個XML / XHTML / HTML5模板引擎,可以在模板文件上應用一組轉換,將程序產生的數據或者文本顯示到模板文件上。html
要使用Thymeleaf,須要在咱們的web應用的classpath路徑中引入相關的jar,以下:java
thymeleaf-2.1.3.RELEASE.jar
ognl-3.0.6.jar
javassist-3.16.1-GA.jar
unbescape-1.0.jar
servlet-api-2.5.jar
slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar
slf4j-log4j12-1.6.1.jar
log4j-1.2.15.jar
mail-1.4.jar
activation-1.1.jarweb
使用Thymeleaf的前提很是簡單,首先建立一個模板解析器,用來加載模板,以下:api
1 //Create Template Resolver 2 ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver(); 3 //ClassLoaderTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ClassLoaderTemplateResolver();
建立模板解析器能夠用Servlet上下文模板解析器ServletContextTemplateResolver或者類加載模板解析器ClassLoaderTemplateResolver。建立模板解析器將指定咱們從Servlet上下文檢索模板文件做爲資源,並考慮應用程序的根路徑做爲資源的路徑。以下:ide
// XHTML is the default mode, but we will set it anyway for better understanding of code templateResolver.setTemplateMode("XHTML"); // This will convert "home" to "/WEB-INF/templates/home.html" templateResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/"); templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
如上所示,經過解析器建立模板節點,當使用Thymeleaf渲染名爲「home」的模板的的時候,將,解析器將會自動加上前綴和後綴(擴展名)。網站
建立了模板解析器加載模板後,接下來須要建立一個模板引擎去作實際的處理工做,以下:ui
//Create Template Engine TemplateEngine templateEngine = new TemplateEngine(); templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
建立模板引擎很近單,只須要一個模板解析器實例。建立了關鍵的模板解析器和模板引擎以後,咱們就能夠建立模板頁面使用Thymeleaf。this
咱們的模板文件放在/WEB-INF/templates/路徑下。建立模板文件只須要指定Thymeleaf特定的DOCTYPE和命名空間。以下:spa
<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM "http://www.thymeleaf.org/dtd/xhtml1-strict-thymeleaf-4.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"> <head> <title>Hello thymeleaf</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> </head> <body> <p> <span th:text="#{home.welcome}">this is text will not be show</span> </p> </body> </html>
如上圖所示,模板文件中還定義了一個「th:text」屬性,咱們認爲模板文件是有效的,由於咱們已經經過doctype聲明瞭Thymeleaf dtd,這個類庫裏面聲明瞭這個屬性。當這個模板被處理時,這個「th:text」屬性將被移除,模板文件將被替換成一個嚴格的標準的XHTML文件。code
模板文件中的th:text」屬性的值是一個變量表達式,它將獲取變量「hellword」的值做爲<span>標籤的文本顯示到頁面上。
爲了能顯示變量「hellword」的值,咱們需建立模板上下文,將變量輸出到模板文件中。以下圖:
//Create Servlet context WebContext ctx = new WebContext(req, resp, this.getServletContext(), req.getLocale()); ctx.setVariable("helloword","hello thymeleaf,wellcome!");
萬事具有,只欠引擎沒有開火。如今咱們須要作的就是執行模板引擎,執行模板引擎須要傳入模板名、上下文對象以及響應流。以下:
//Executing template engine templateEngine.process("home", ctx, resp.getWriter());
讓咱們看看執行模板引擎後的結果:
OK,如上所說,模板文件被替換成了標準的XHTML文件了。
更多瞭解請訪問官方網站http://www.thymeleaf.org/。
附源碼:
public class thymeleafServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; @Override protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { doPost(req,resp); } @Override protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { //Create Template Resolver ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver(); //ClassLoaderTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ClassLoaderTemplateResolver(); // XHTML is the default mode, but we will set it anyway for better understanding of code templateResolver.setTemplateMode("XHTML"); // This will convert "home" to "/WEB-INF/templates/home.html" templateResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/"); templateResolver.setSuffix(".html"); // Set template cache TTL to 1 hour. If not set, entries would live in cache until expelled by LRU templateResolver.setCacheTTLMs(Long.valueOf(3600000L)); // Cache is set to true by default. Set to false if you want templates to // be automatically updated when modified. templateResolver.setCacheable(true); //Create Template Engine TemplateEngine templateEngine = new TemplateEngine(); templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver); //Write the response headers resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); resp.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache"); resp.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache"); resp.setDateHeader("Expires", 0); //Create Servlet context WebContext ctx = new WebContext(req, resp, this.getServletContext(), req.getLocale()); ctx.setVariable("helloword","hello thymeleaf,wellcome!"); //Executing template engine templateEngine.process("home", ctx, resp.getWriter()); } }