iOS開發之AssetsLibrary框架使用

iOS開發之AssetsLibrary框架使用

1、引言

    AssetsLibrary框架是專門用來操做相冊相關資源的一個框架,其是iOS4到iOS9之間常使用的一個框架,在iOS9以後,系統系統了Photos框架代替了AssetsLibrary框架,可是AssetsLibrary框架依然可使用,而且其結構和設計思路依然值得咱們進行分析學習。框架

2、概述

    AssetsLibrary框架會操做系統的相冊,所以首先須要進行權限的申請,在使用以前,首先須要在Info.plist文件中添加以下鍵值:ide

Privacy - Photo Library Usage Description函數

AssetsLibrary框架中核心的類關係以下圖所示:post

3、ALAssetsLibrary資源庫對象

    ALAssetsLibrary類用來構建資源庫對象,這個對象用來總體操做系統的相冊資源,在使用它以前咱們可使用下面的方法來獲取用戶的受權狀況:學習

+ (ALAuthorizationStatus)authorizationStatus;

ALAuthorizationStatus枚舉定義了用戶的受權狀況,定義以下:ui

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, ALAuthorizationStatus) {
    ALAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined, // 用戶還沒有選擇是否受權
    ALAuthorizationStatusRestricted,    //應用還沒有受權
    ALAuthorizationStatusDenied),       // 用戶拒絕受權
    ALAuthorizationStatusAuthorized     // 用戶已經受權
}

若是用戶還沒有受權過,那麼任何訪問操做都將觸發受權機制。編碼

    資源庫中的資源數據是以組的方式進行存儲,下面代碼示例了獲取資源組的方式:atom

_library = [[ALAssetsLibrary alloc]init];
    [_library enumerateGroupsWithTypes:ALAssetsGroupAll usingBlock:^(ALAssetsGroup *group, BOOL *stop) {
        if (group) { // 遍歷相冊還未結束
            // 設置過濾器
            [group setAssetsFilter:[ALAssetsFilter allPhotos]];
            if (group.numberOfAssets) {
                NSLog(@"%@",group);
            }
        } else { // 遍歷結束(當group爲空的時候就意味着結束)
            
                NSLog(@"沒有相冊列表了");
            
        }
        
    } failureBlock:^(NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"失敗");
    }];

上面示例的枚舉函數用來根據參數類型獲取資源組,ALAssetsGroupType參數決定獲取組的類型,可選值枚舉以下:url

enum {
    ALAssetsGroupLibrary     ,// 編輯庫
    ALAssetsGroupAlbum       ,//相冊庫
    ALAssetsGroupEvent       ,//事件庫  
    ALAssetsGroupFaces       ,// iTunes同步
    ALAssetsGroupSavedPhotos ,// 保存的相片
    ALAssetsGroupPhotoStream ,// The PhotoStream album.
    ALAssetsGroupAll         ,//全部庫
};

枚舉過程當中,咱們能夠過去到ALAssetsGroup類型的對象,這個對象中封裝了相片資源信息,後面會介紹。spa

    下面列舉了ALAssetsLibrary中其餘經常使用的方法:

//直接經過URL來獲取資源
- (void)assetForURL:(NSURL *)assetURL resultBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryAssetForURLResultBlock)resultBlock failureBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryAccessFailureBlock)failureBlock;
//直接經過URL來獲取資源組
- (void)groupForURL:(NSURL *)groupURL resultBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryGroupResultBlock)resultBlock failureBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryAccessFailureBlock)failureBlock;
//向相冊庫中添加一個新的資源組 能夠自定義名稱
- (void)addAssetsGroupAlbumWithName:(NSString *)name resultBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryGroupResultBlock)resultBlock failureBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryAccessFailureBlock)failureBlock;
//向相冊中寫入一張圖片 orientation參數設置圖片的方向
/*
typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, ALAssetOrientation) {
    ALAssetOrientationUp ,            // 向上 默認的
    ALAssetOrientationDown ,          // 向下
    ALAssetOrientationLeft ,          // 向左
    ALAssetOrientationRight ,         // 向右
    ALAssetOrientationUpMirrored ,    //
    ALAssetOrientationDownMirrored ,  // horizontal flip
    ALAssetOrientationLeftMirrored ,  // vertical flip
    ALAssetOrientationRightMirrored , // vertical flip
};
*/
- (void)writeImageToSavedPhotosAlbum:(CGImageRef)imageRef orientation:(ALAssetOrientation)orientation completionBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryWriteImageCompletionBlock)completionBlock;
//向相冊中寫入一張圖片 並能夠設置圖片的元數據
- (void)writeImageToSavedPhotosAlbum:(CGImageRef)imageRef metadata:(NSDictionary *)metadata completionBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryWriteImageCompletionBlock)completionBlock;
//向相冊中寫入圖片數據 並能夠設置元數據
- (void)writeImageDataToSavedPhotosAlbum:(NSData *)imageData metadata:(NSDictionary *)metadata completionBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryWriteImageCompletionBlock)completionBlock;
//將某個路徑的視頻寫入相冊中
- (void)writeVideoAtPathToSavedPhotosAlbum:(NSURL *)videoPathURL completionBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryWriteVideoCompletionBlock)completionBlock;
//檢查路徑中的視頻是否和相冊相兼容
- (BOOL)videoAtPathIsCompatibleWithSavedPhotosAlbum:(NSURL *)videoPathURL;

當資源庫改變時,系統會發出以下通知:

//資源庫改變的通知
extern NSString *const ALAssetsLibraryChangedNotification;

通知中傳遞的信息中包含以下字段:

//資源庫更新
extern NSString *const ALAssetLibraryUpdatedAssetsKey;
//插入組
extern NSString *const ALAssetLibraryInsertedAssetGroupsKey;
//更新組
extern NSString *const ALAssetLibraryUpdatedAssetGroupsKey;
//刪除組
extern NSString *const ALAssetLibraryDeletedAssetGroupsKey;

下面列舉了操做過程當中的一些異常定義:

enum {
    ALAssetsLibraryUnknownError =                 -1,      // 未知錯誤
    ALAssetsLibraryWriteFailedError =           -3300,      //寫入錯誤
    ALAssetsLibraryWriteBusyError =             -3301,      // 寫入繁忙 能夠重試
    ALAssetsLibraryWriteInvalidDataError =      -3302,      // 無效數據
    ALAssetsLibraryWriteIncompatibleDataError = -3303,      // 不兼容的數據
    ALAssetsLibraryWriteDataEncodingError =     -3304,      // 數據編碼錯誤
    ALAssetsLibraryWriteDiskSpaceError =        -3305,      // 內存不足
    ALAssetsLibraryDataUnavailableError =       -3310,      // 數據不可用
    ALAssetsLibraryAccessUserDeniedError =      -3311,      // 權限錯誤
    ALAssetsLibraryAccessGloballyDeniedError =  -3312,      // 權限錯誤
};

4、ALAssetsGroup資源組對象

    資源組其實就是對應與咱們相冊中的一組資源,咱們能夠經過以下的方便遍歷出其中的全部資源:

_library = [[ALAssetsLibrary alloc]init];
    [_library enumerateGroupsWithTypes:ALAssetsGroupAll usingBlock:^(ALAssetsGroup *group, BOOL *stop) {
        if (group) { // 遍歷相冊還未結束
            // 設置過濾器
            [group setAssetsFilter:[ALAssetsFilter allPhotos]];
            if (group.numberOfAssets) {
                [group enumerateAssetsUsingBlock:^(ALAsset *result, NSUInteger index, BOOL *stop) {
                    NSLog(@"%d:%@",index,result);
                }];
            }
        } else { // 遍歷結束(當group爲空的時候就意味着結束)

                NSLog(@"沒有相冊列表了");
        }

    } failureBlock:^(NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"失敗");
    }];

    ALAssetsGroup中相關方法解析以下:

//獲取相關屬性
/*
extern NSString *const ALAssetsGroupPropertyName;//組名字
extern NSString *const ALAssetsGroupPropertyType;//組類型
extern NSString *const ALAssetsGroupPropertyPersistentID; //ID
extern NSString *const ALAssetsGroupPropertyURL;//組URL
*/
- (id)valueForProperty:(NSString *)property;
//獲取當前組的縮略圖海報
- (CGImageRef)posterImage;
//設置過濾器
- (void)setAssetsFilter:(ALAssetsFilter *)filter;
//獲取組中資源個數
- (NSInteger)numberOfAssets;
//進行資源枚舉
- (void)enumerateAssetsUsingBlock:(ALAssetsGroupEnumerationResultsBlock)enumerationBlock;
/*
typedef NS_OPTIONS(NSUInteger, NSEnumerationOptions) {
    NSEnumerationConcurrent = (1UL << 0),//順序枚舉
    NSEnumerationReverse = (1UL << 1),   //逆序枚舉
};
*/
- (void)enumerateAssetsWithOptions:(NSEnumerationOptions)options usingBlock:(ALAssetsGroupEnumerationResultsBlock)enumerationBlock;
- (void)enumerateAssetsAtIndexes:(NSIndexSet *)indexSet options:(NSEnumerationOptions)options usingBlock:(ALAssetsGroupEnumerationResultsBlock)enumerationBlock;
//獲取當前組是否容許編輯
@property (nonatomic, readonly, getter=isEditable) BOOL editable;
//向組中添加一個資源
- (BOOL)addAsset:(ALAsset *)asset;

上面有提到資源過濾器,資源過濾器用來設置過濾組中的資源,有3個類方法能夠直接獲取系統提供的過濾器:

@interface ALAssetsFilter : NSObject {
//全部圖片資源
+ (ALAssetsFilter *)allPhotos;
// 全部視頻資源
+ (ALAssetsFilter *)allVideos;
// 全部資源
+ (ALAssetsFilter *)allAssets;
@end

5、ALAsset資源對象

    ALAsset是封裝好的資源對象類,以下方法能夠獲取到資源中封裝的屬性:

- (id)valueForProperty:(NSString *)property;

屬性名的定義以下:

//獲取資源類型
/*
這個屬性將返回一個字符串
extern NSString *const ALAssetTypePhoto//照片類型
extern NSString *const ALAssetTypeVideo//視頻類型
extern NSString *const ALAssetTypeUnknown//未知類型
*/
extern NSString *const ALAssetPropertyType;
//會返回一個CLLocation對象 圖片的地址信息
extern NSString *const ALAssetPropertyLocation;
//視頻資源的時長 NSNumber對象
extern NSString *const ALAssetPropertyDuration;
//資源方向
extern NSString *const ALAssetPropertyOrientation;
//資源日期 會返回NSDate對象
extern NSString *const ALAssetPropertyDate;

下面列舉了ALAsset中經常使用方法:

//獲取默認的Representation對象
- (ALAssetRepresentation *)defaultRepresentation;
//獲取指定的Representation對象
- (ALAssetRepresentation *)representationForUTI:(NSString *)representationUTI;
//獲取資源縮略圖
- (CGImageRef)thumbnail;
- (CGImageRef)aspectRatioThumbnail;
//寫入圖片數據
- (void)writeModifiedImageDataToSavedPhotosAlbum:(NSData *)imageData metadata:(NSDictionary *)metadata completionBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryWriteImageCompletionBlock)completionBlock;
//寫入視頻數據
- (void)writeModifiedVideoAtPathToSavedPhotosAlbum:(NSURL *)videoPathURL completionBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryWriteVideoCompletionBlock)completionBlock;
//原始資源對象
@property (nonatomic, readonly) ALAsset *originalAsset;
//是否容許編輯
@property (nonatomic, readonly, getter=isEditable) BOOL editable;
//替換圖片數據
- (void)setImageData:(NSData *)imageData metadata:(NSDictionary *)metadata completionBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryWriteImageCompletionBlock)completionBlock;
//替換視頻數據
- (void)setVideoAtPath:(NSURL *)videoPathURL completionBlock:(ALAssetsLibraryWriteVideoCompletionBlock)completionBlock;

6、關於ALAssetRepresentation類

    每個ALAsset對象中都封裝了一個ALAssetRepresentation對象,這個對象的做用是獲取資源的詳細信息,解析以下:

//獲取UTI
- (NSString *)UTI;
//獲取資源的尺寸
- (CGSize)dimensions;
//獲取資源的大小
- (long long)size;
//讀取數據
- (NSUInteger)getBytes:(uint8_t *)buffer fromOffset:(long long)offset length:(NSUInteger)length error:(NSError **)error;
//獲取圖片數據
- (CGImageRef)fullResolutionImage;
- (CGImageRef)CGImageWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)options;
//獲取全屏圖片
- (CGImageRef)fullScreenImage;
//獲取資源URL
- (NSURL *)url;
//獲取資源元數據
- (NSDictionary *)metadata;
//獲取資源方向
- (ALAssetOrientation)orientation;
//縮放比
- (float)scale;
//獲取資源名稱
- (NSString *)filename;
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