CCIE路由實驗(6) -- 組播Multicasting
1.組播IGMP的各類狀況
2.PIM Dense-Mode
3.PIM Sparse-Mode
4.PIM雙向樹和SSM
5.動態RP之auto-rp
6.動態RP之BSR
7.Anycast RP
8.域間組播
9.IPv6組播bootstrap
enable
conf t
no ip do lo
enable pass cisco
line con 0
logg sync
exec-t 0 0
exit
line vty 0 4
pass cisco
logg sync
exit
host 網絡
1.組播IGMP的各類狀況
------------------------------------------------------app
實驗目的
1.深刻了解IGMPv1，IGMPv2，IGMPv3的區別
2.掌握配置IGMPv1，IGMPv2，IGMPv3的方法
3.理解不一樣IGMP版本查詢路由器(querying router)的選舉方法
4.理解DR的做用和選取方法
5.理解最後一個報告者(last reporter)的概念和不一樣IGMP版本的主機離開組的方式
6.理解IGMPv2最後一跳路由器的兩種查詢方法
7.理解fast leave
8.理解配置限制特定組的加入
9.理解IGMPv3的report方式如何兼容IGMPv2tcp
實驗假設：R1和R2模擬兩臺PC，加入組播組。R3和R4模擬最後一跳路由器ide
基本配置：
完成IP地址和IGP的配置，IGP爲全網運行OSPF，均運行在area 0.oop
R1: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 11.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R2: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 22.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 22.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 22.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R3: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 33.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 33.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 33.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R4: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.4 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 44.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 44.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 44.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit
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R3/R4:
ip multicast-routing
int f0/0
ip pim sparse-mode
exit
R2:
show ip igmp int f0/0
R3/R4:
show ip igmp int f0/0
show ip pim int
查詢路由器的做用：在有多個最後一跳路由器的狀況下，由查詢路由器發起IGMP的查詢(query)消息。IGMPv2和IGMPv3的查詢路由器的選取原則爲接口IP地址小的爲查詢路由器。
DR的做用：在有多個第一跳路由器的狀況下，由DR負責轉發組播源發出的組播流和向RP註冊；在有多個最後一跳路由器的狀況下，由DR負責向組播源或者RP發送PIM的join消息。
DR的選取原則：優選DR優先級高的爲DR，若是優先級同樣，則選取IP地址大的爲DR。
----------------------------------------------------
R3:
int f0/0
ip pim dr-priority 2
exit
show ip pim int
int f0/0
ip igmp ver 1
no ip pim dr-priority 2
exit
R4:
int f0/0
ip igmp ver 1
exit
show ip igmp int f0/0
DR路由器同時也是IGMPv1的查詢路由器。
-----------------------------------------------
觀察IGMP在最後一跳路由器和主機之間的交互狀況，如哪臺主機是last reporter, reporter抑制功能，主機離開一個組是否發送leave信息。
R3/R4:
int f0/0
ip igmp ver 2
exit
R1/R2:
int f0/0
ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
exit
R3:
debug ip igmp
no debug all
show ip igmp groups
當前R3的last reporter是R2
R2:
int f0/0
no ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
當last reporter離開一個組的時候，要發送leave報文通知最後一跳路由器，而後路由器連續發送兩個查詢報文，查詢是否還有該組的接收者存在，此時的查詢報文是針對特定組的查詢；對於非last reporter離開一個組，不須要發送leave報文，由於這個時候路由器記錄的組播接收者不是它。普通查詢是週期性的，爲60s一次，特定組的查詢是針對有用戶發出leave報文才觸發的。
-----------------------------------------
fast leave: 在最後一跳路由器的接口只有一個接收者的狀況下，若是接受者離開該組，發送leave報文，路由器不須要發送查詢報文，直接中止發送組播流到該接口，這樣能夠大大的減小leave latency。
R3:
access-list 1 permit 229.1.1.1
int f0/0
ip igmp immediate-leave group-list 1
exit
R1:
int f0/0
ip igmp join-group 229.1.1.1
no ip igmp join-group 229.1.1.1
exit
-----------------------------------------------
缺省狀況下，最後一跳路由器能夠接收任何主機加入任何組。能夠配置最後一跳路由器限制特定組的加入。(IGMPv2)
R3:
access-list 2 permit 228.1.1.1
access-list 2 permit 229.1.1.1
int f0/0
ip igmp access-group 2
exit
R1:
int f0/0
ip igmp join-group 230.1.1.1
exit
-------------------------------------------------------
IGMPv3支持針對特定源的特定組加入功能。
R2：
int f0/0
shutdown
exit
R3:
int f0/0
ip igmp version 3
ip pim sparse-mode
exit
end
show running-config int f0/0
conf t
R1:
int f0/0
ip igmp version 3
ip igmp join-group 232.1.1.1 source 33.1.1.1
ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
exit
end
show running-config int f0/0
conf t
R3:
show ip igmp groups detail
針對232.1.1.1，加入指定源33.1.1.1，爲include模式，也就是說只能接收33.1.1.1發出的目的地址爲232.1.1.1的組播流；
針對228.1.1.1，爲exclude模式，可是排除的組播源列表爲空，也就是說能夠接收任何組播源發出的目的地址爲228.1.1.1的組播流，這樣就實現了對IGMPv2的兼容。學習
2.PIM Dense-Mode
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------測試
實驗目的
1.掌握配置PIM DM的基本步驟
2.掌握trouble shooting PIM DM
3.理解PIM的工做過程，體會組播樹的生成和維護過程
4.理解assert選舉方法和在哪些鏈路會選舉assert路由器
5.理解嫁接過程
6.理解剪枝過程
7.深刻理解RPF檢查
8.理解組播路由表的標識位spa
實驗假設：R5模擬組播源，R3模擬第一跳路由器，R7模擬最後一跳路由器，R8模擬組播接收者。
完成IP地址和IGP的配置，IGP爲全網運行OSPF，均運行在area 0.debug
配置接口以及IGP(OSPF)
R1: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f1/0 ip add 17.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 11.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 17.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R2: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 22.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int s2/0 ip add 27.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int s2/1 ip add 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 22.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 22.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 27.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R3: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 33.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f0/1 ip add 36.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int f1/0 ip add 35.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int s2/1 ip add 23.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 33.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 33.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 35.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 36.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R4: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.4 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 44.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 44.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 44.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R5: int f1/0 ip add 35.1.1.5 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 55.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 55.1.1.1 network 35.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 55.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R6: int f0/1 ip add 36.1.1.6 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 66.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 66.1.1.1 network 36.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 66.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R7: int f0/0 ip add 78.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int f1/0 ip add 17.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int s2/0 ip add 27.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 77.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 77.1.1.1 network 78.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 17.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 27.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 77.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R8: int f0/0 ip add 78.1.1.8 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 88.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 88.1.1.1 network 78.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 88.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit
配置PIM Dense-Mode(除組播源及接受者外)
R1: ip multicast-routing int f0/0 ip pim dense-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim dense-mode exit R2: ip multicast-routing int f0/0 ip pim dense-mode exit int s2/0 ip pim dense-mode exit int s2/1 ip pim dense-mode exit R3: ip multicast-routing int f0/0 ip pim dense-mode exit int f0/1 ip pim dense-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim dense-mode exit int s2/1 ip pim dense-mode exit R4: ip multicast-routing int f0/0 ip pim dense-mode exit R6: ip multicast-routing int f0/1 ip pim dense-mode exit R7: ip multicast-routing int f0/0 ip pim dense-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim dense-mode exit int s2/0 ip pim dense-mode exit
-------------------------------------------------
R2:
show ip pim int
show ip pim neighbor
R8:
int f0/0
ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
exit
R7:
show ip mroute
R5:
ping 228.1.1.1 repeat 10000
ping產生的是組播數據流，沿着組播樹到達接收者，接收者而後單播發送echo reply報文到組播源，因此看到reply報文是從78.1.1.8來的。
因爲測試數據分別通過組播樹和單播路由，所以若是測試不成功，並不表明組播樹必定有問題，還多是單播的路由有故障，此時能夠在接收者上debug ip icmp來判斷。
R6:
int l0
ip pim dense-mode
ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
exit
R5:
ping 228.1.1.1 repeat 10000
R3/R1/R2/R7:
show ip mroute
能夠看到組播路徑是R5->R3->R1->R7->R8。在R3的s2/1的出接口和R2的s2/0的出接口上都有A標識，標識是該鏈路的assert路由器，避免重複組播流。
assert路由器選取原則：優選去往組播源IGP metric值小的路由器，其次選IP地址大的路由器。
每一個路由器轉發組播包的時候，都須要作RPF(reverse path forwarding)檢查，肯定收到組播的接口與echo reply的接口一致，不然丟棄組播包，此處檢查的依據是組播源。
RPF檢查的順序：組播靜態路由-->DVMRP(現實中不用)-->MB-BGP學習到的路由-->單播協議學習到的路由
對於每一個組，路由器上的組播路由表都有兩個表項，分別爲(*,G)和(S,G)，在轉發組播數據流的時候，是依據(S,G)表項來進行的，能夠理解爲最長匹配原則。
(S,G)表項的計時器是因爲有組播流觸發而生成的。
R7:
show ip rpf 35.1.1.5
觀察graft和prume
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
R8:
int f0/0
no ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
exit
R7:
debug ip pim
R8:
int f0/0
ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
no ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
exit
R7:
ip mroute 35.1.1.5 255.255.255.255 27.1.1.2
end
show ip rpf 35.1.1.5
R8:
int f0/0
ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
exit
R2/R7:
show ip mroute
Trouble Shooting commands:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
show ip pim interface
show ip pim neighbor
mrinfo {hostname | add}
show ip rpf {source-add | name}
show ip route
show ip igmp interface
show ip igmp groups
show ip mroute
show ip mroute summary
show ip mroute count
show ip mroute active
debug ip mrouting [group]
debug ip mpacket [detail][access-list][group]
debug ip pim [group]
3.PIM Sparse-Mode
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實驗目的：
1.掌握Sparse-Mode的配置方法
2.觀察Sparse-Mode共享樹的生成和維護過程
3.觀察Sparse-Mode源樹的生成和維護過程
4.觀察Sparse-Mode共享樹向源樹的切換過程
5.觀察Sparse-Mode標識
6.掌握測試Sparse-Mode的方法和思路
實驗假設：R5模擬組播源，R3模擬第一跳路由器，R2是RP，R7模擬最後一跳路由器，R8模擬組播接收者。
完成IP地址和IGP的配置，IGP爲全網運行OSPF，均運行在area 0.
配置接口以及IGP(OSPF)
R1: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f1/0 ip add 17.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 11.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 17.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R2: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 22.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int s2/0 ip add 27.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int s2/1 ip add 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 22.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 22.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 27.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R3: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 33.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f0/1 ip add 36.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int f1/0 ip add 35.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int s2/1 ip add 23.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 33.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 33.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 35.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 36.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R4: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.4 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 44.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 44.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 44.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R5: int f1/0 ip add 35.1.1.5 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 55.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 55.1.1.1 network 35.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 55.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R6: int f0/1 ip add 36.1.1.6 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 66.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 66.1.1.1 network 36.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 66.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R7: int f0/0 ip add 78.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int f1/0 ip add 17.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int s2/0 ip add 27.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 77.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 77.1.1.1 network 78.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 17.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 27.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 77.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R8: int f0/0 ip add 78.1.1.8 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 88.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 88.1.1.1 network 78.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 88.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit
配置PIM Sparse-Mode(除組播源及接受者外)
R1: ip multicast-routing ip pim rp-address 22.1.1.1 int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R2: ip multicast-routing ip pim rp-address 22.1.1.1 int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int s2/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int s2/1 ip pim sparse-mode exit R3: ip multicast-routing ip pim rp-address 22.1.1.1 int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/1 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int s2/1 ip pim sparse-mode exit R4: ip multicast-routing ip pim rp-address 22.1.1.1 int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R6: ip multicast-routing ip pim rp-address 22.1.1.1 int f0/1 ip pim sparse-mode exit R7: ip multicast-routing ip pim rp-address 22.1.1.1 int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int s2/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit
-------------------------------------------------
R2:
show ip pim int
show ip pim neighbor
show ip pim rp mapping
R8:
int f0/0
ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
exit
R7:
show ip mroute
conf t
ip pim spt-threshold infinity
end
show ip mroute
R1/R2:
show ip mroute
R7:
int s2/0
ip ospf cost 1
exit
show ip route ospf
R2:
int f0/0
ip ospf cost 3
exit
int s2/1
ip ospf cost 2
exit
show ip route ospf
R7:
show ip route ospf
R7/R2:
show ip mroute
R5:
ping 228.1.1.1
R3/R2:
show ip mroute
R7:
ip pim spt-threshold 0
clear ip mroute *
R5:(wait until R2/R7 mroute establish again)
ping 228.1.1.1 reapeat 1
R3/R1/R2/R7:
show ip mroute
R5:
ping 228.1.1.1 reapeat 1
R3/R2/R7:
show ip mroute
4.PIM雙向樹和SSM
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
實驗目的：
1.掌握PIM雙向樹的配置方法
2.觀察PIM雙向樹的組播路由表和標識
3.觀察PIM雙向樹的DF選擇原則
4.掌握PIM SSM的配置方法
5.觀察PIM SSM的組播路由表和標識
實驗假設：R5模擬組播源，R3模擬第一跳路由器，R7是RP，R8是最後一跳路由器，同時模擬接受者。
配置接口以及IGP(OSPF)
R1: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f1/0 ip add 17.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 11.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 17.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R2: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 22.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int s2/0 ip add 27.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 22.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 22.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 27.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R3: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 33.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f1/0 ip add 35.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 33.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 33.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 35.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R5: int f1/0 ip add 35.1.1.5 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 55.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 55.1.1.1 network 35.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 55.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R7: int f0/0 ip add 78.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int f1/0 ip add 17.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int s2/0 ip add 27.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 77.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 77.1.1.1 network 78.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 17.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 27.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 77.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R8: int f0/0 ip add 78.1.1.8 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 88.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 88.1.1.1 network 78.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 88.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit
配置PIM Sparse-Mode(除組播源及接受者外)
R1: ip multicast-routing ip pim bidir-enable ip pim rp-address 77.1.1.1 bidir int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R2: ip multicast-routing ip pim bidir-enable ip pim rp-address 77.1.1.1 bidir int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int s2/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R3: ip multicast-routing ip pim bidir-enable ip pim rp-address 77.1.1.1 bidir int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R7: ip multicast-routing ip pim bidir-enable ip pim rp-address 77.1.1.1 bidir int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int s2/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R8: ip multicast-routing ip pim bidir-enable ip pim rp-address 77.1.1.1 bidir int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit
-------------------------------------------------
R2:
show ip pim int
show ip pim neighbor
show ip pim rp mapping
R8:
int l0
ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
exit
show ip mroute
R7:
show ip mroute
R5:
ping 228.1.1.1
R3/R1/R7:
show ip mroute
R2:
int s2/0
ip ospf cost 1
exit
debug ip pim df
R5:
ping 228.1.1.1
R3/R1/R7:
show ip mroute
R8:
no ip pim bidir-enable
int f0/0
no ip pim sparse-mode
exit
int l0
no ip pim sparse-mode
no ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
exit
SSM配置
--------------------------------------------
R7:
int f0/0
ip igmp version 3
ip pim sparse-mode
exit
ip pim ssm default
R1/R2/R3:
conf t
ip pim ssm default
R8:
int f0/0
ip igmp version 3
ip igmp join-group 232.1.1.1 source 35.1.1.5
exit
R5:
ping 232.1.1.1
5.動態RP之auto-rp
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
配置接口以及IGP(OSPF)
R1: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f1/0 ip add 17.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 11.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 17.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R2: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 22.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int s2/0 ip add 27.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 22.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 22.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 27.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R3: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 33.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f1/0 ip add 35.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 33.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 33.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 35.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R4: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.4 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 44.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 44.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 44.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R5: int f1/0 ip add 35.1.1.5 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 55.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 55.1.1.1 network 35.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 55.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R7: int f0/0 ip add 78.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int f1/0 ip add 17.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int s2/0 ip add 27.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 77.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 77.1.1.1 network 78.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 17.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 27.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 77.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R8: int f0/0 ip add 78.1.1.8 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 88.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 88.1.1.1 network 78.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 88.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit
配置PIM Sparse-Mode(除組播源及接受者外)
R1: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R2: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int s2/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R3: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R4: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R7: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int s2/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit
配置Auto RP
-------------------------------------------------
R2:
show ip pim int
show ip pim neighbor
R2:
ip pim autorp listener
ip pim send-rp-announce 1oopback 0 scope 10 group-list 10
ip access-list 10 permit 224.100.100.100
exit
R3:
ip pim autorp listener
ip pim send-rp-announce 1oopback 0 scope 10 group-list 10
ip access-list 10 permit 224.100.100.100
exit
R1:
ip pim send-rp-discovery loopback 0 scope 10
當使用auto-rp在pim sparse-mode網絡中，這個命令須要配置在全部候選路由器上。緣由是由於auto-rp的兩個組播地址224.0.1.39和224.0.1.40只能夠在dense-mode下傳輸，由於全部端口都配置的是sparse，因此auto-rp的信息會被丟掉。而這個命令就是使得dense-mode的auto-rp traffic能夠經過sparse-mode的端口。
設置了send-rp-announce的路由器充當rp，發送224.0.1.39的組播包告訴rp-map的路由器「我是rp」
設置了send-rp-discovery的路由器充當rp-map，發送224.0.1.40的組播包告訴網絡中的其餘路由器「選誰作rp」。
R7:
show ip pim rp mapping
R8:
int f0/0
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.100
exit
R5:
ping 224.100.100.100
6.動態RP之BSR
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
R2/R3:
no ip pim autorp listener
no ip pim send-rp-announce 1oopback 0
no ip access-list standard 10
R1:
no ip pim send-rp-discovery
配置BSR
------------------------------------------------------------
全部候選BSR經過bootstrap報文來選舉BSR，優先級最高的BSR最後會通知在組播網中全部路由器它是BSR。這時候RP的候選會發送c-rp-adv報文到獲勝的BSR，報文包括了這個RP的優先級和它對應的組播地址段。BSR將這些信息放入rp-set，而後放在boorstrap報文中發送給組播網中全部的路有器。
在整個過程當中，全部的報文都是unicast發送的。
R2:
show ip pim int
show ip pim neighbor
R1:
ip pim bsr-candidate loopback 0 4 10
R3:
ip pim bsr-candidate loopback 0 5 5
R7/R3:
show ip pim bsr-router
R2:
ip pim rp-candidate loopback 0 group-list 1
access-list 1 permit 224.100.100.100
R7:
ip pim rp-candidate loopback 0 group-list 1 priority 100
access-list 1 permit 224.100.100.100
R8:
int f0/0
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.100
R3:
show ip pim rp mapping
show ip pim rp
R5:
ping 224.100.100.100
Hash配置
--------------------------------------
R1/R3:
ip pim bsr-candidate loopback 0 30
R2/R7:
ip pim rp-candidate loopback 0
R8:
int f0/0
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.100
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.1
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.2
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.3
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.4
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.5
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.6
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.7
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.8
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.9
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.10
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.11
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.12
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.13
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.14
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.15
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.16
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.17
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.18
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.19
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.20
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.21
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.22
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.23
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.24
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.25
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.26
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.27
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.28
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.29
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.30
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.31
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.32
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.33
exit
R1:
show ip pim rp
7.Anycast RP
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
配置接口以及IGP(OSPF)
R1: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f1/0 ip add 17.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 11.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 17.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R2: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 22.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int s2/0 ip add 27.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 22.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 22.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 27.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R3: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 33.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f1/0 ip add 35.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 33.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 33.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 35.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R4: int f0/0 ip add 1.1.1.4 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 44.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 44.1.1.1 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 44.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R5: int f1/0 ip add 35.1.1.5 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 55.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 55.1.1.1 network 35.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 55.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R7: int f0/0 ip add 78.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int f1/0 ip add 17.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int s2/0 ip add 27.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 77.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit R8: int f0/0 ip add 78.1.1.8 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int l0 ip add 88.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit router ospf 1 router-id 88.1.1.1 network 78.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 88.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit
配置PIM Sparse-Mode(除組播源及接受者外)
R1: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R2: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int s2/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R3: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R4: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R7: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int s2/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit
配置Anycast RP
-------------------------------------------------
R2:
show ip pim int
show ip pim neighbor
R3/R7:
int l1
ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
exit
router ospf 1
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 0
exit
int l1
ip pim sparse-mode
exit
R2:
ip pim bsr-candidate l0
R3/R7:
ip pim rp-candidate l1
R3:
ip msdp peer 77.1.1.1 connect-source l0
R7:
ip msdp peer 33.1.1.1 connect-source l0
show ip msdp summary
R8:
int f0/0
ip igmp join-group 224.100.100.100
exit
R5:
ping 224.100.100.100 repeat 5
R3/R7:
show ip mroute
8.域間組播
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
配置接口以及IGP(OSPF)
R4: int l0 ip add 44.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f1/0 ip add 46.1.1.4 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int f0/0 ip add 14.1.1.4 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 44.1.1.1 network 44.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 46.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R6: int l0 ip add 66.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f1/0 ip add 46.1.1.6 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int f0/1 ip add 36.1.1.6 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 66.1.1.1 network 66.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 46.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 36.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R3: int l0 ip add 33.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f0/1 ip add 36.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 33.1.1.1 network 33.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 36.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit
配置接口以及IGP(OSPF)
R1: int l0 ip add 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f1/0 ip add 17.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int f0/1 ip add 18.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int f0/0 ip add 14.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 11.1.1.1 network 11.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 17.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 18.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R8: int l0 ip add 88.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f0/1 ip add 18.1.1.8 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 88.1.1.1 network 88.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 18.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R7: int l0 ip add 77.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int f1/0 ip add 17.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit int s2/0 ip add 27.1.1.7 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 77.1.1.1 network 77.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 17.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 27.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit R2: int l0 ip add 22.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 exit int s2/0 ip add 27.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 no shut exit router ospf 1 router-id 22.1.1.1 network 22.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 27.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 exit
配置AS 200 Pim Sparse-Mode
R4: ip multicast-routing int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R6: ip multicast-routing int f1/0 ip pim sparse-dense-mode exit int f0/1 ip pim sparse-dense-mode exit int l0 ip pim sparse-dense-mode exit ip pim send-rp-announce l0 scope 2 ip pim send-rp-discovery l0 scope 2 R3: ip multicast-routing int f0/1 ip pim sparse-mode exit int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit
R4:
show ip pim rp mapping
R3:
int f0/1
ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
exit
R6:
show ip mroute
配置AS 100 Pim Sparse-Mode
R1: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/1 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit R8: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f0/1 ip pim sparse-mode exit R7: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int s2/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int f1/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit ip pim bsr-candidate l0 ip pim rp-candidate l0 R2: ip multicast-routing int l0 ip pim sparse-mode exit int s2/0 ip pim sparse-mode exit
R1:
show ip pim rp mapping
R2:
int s2/0
ip igmp join-group 228.1.1.1
exit
R7:
show ip mroute
MSDP Peer的配置
----------------------------------------------
R4:
router bgp 200
bgp router-id 44.1.1.1
neighbor 14.1.1.1 remote-as 100
neighbor 66.1.1.1 remote-as 200
neighbor 66.1.1.1 update-source l0
neighbor 66.1.1.1 next-hop-self
exit
R6:
router bgp 200
bgp router-id 66.1.1.1
neighbor 44.1.1.1 remote-as 200
neighbor 44.1.1.1 update-source l0
neighbor 33.1.1.1 remote-as 200
neighbor 33.1.1.1 update-source l0
neighbor 33.1.1.1 route-reflector-client
network 66.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
exit
R3:
router bgp 200
bgp router-id 33.1.1.1
neighbor 66.1.1.1 remote-as 200
neighbor 66.1.1.1 update-source l0
exit
R1:
router bgp 100
bgp router-id 11.1.1.1
neighbor 14.1.1.4 remote-as 200
neighbor 77.1.1.1 remote-as 100
neighbor 77.1.1.1 update-source l0
neighbor 77.1.1.1 next-hop-self
exit
R7:
router bgp 100
bgp router-id 77.1.1.1
neighbor 11.1.1.1 remote-as 100
neighbor 11.1.1.1 update-source l0
network 77.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
exit
R6:
ip msdp peer 77.1.1.1 connect-source l0
R7:
ip msdp peer 66.1.1.1 connect-source l0
R6/R7:
show ip msdp peer
show tcp brief
R3:
debug ip icmp
R8:
ping 228.1.1.1 repeat 3
R1:
int f0/0
ip pim sparse-mode
ip pim bsr-border
exit
R4:
int f0/0
ip pim sparse-mode
ip pim bsr-border
exit
R1:
router bgp 100
network 18.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
exit
R6:
show ip route bgp
show ip msdp sa-cache
show ip mroute
R4:
show ip mroute
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
R1:
router bgp 100
no network 18.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
address-family ipv4 multicast
neighbor 14.1.1.4 activate
network 18.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
exit
exit
R4:
router bgp 200
address-family ipv4 multicast
neighbor 14.1.1.1 activate
neighbor 66.1.1.1 activate
exit
exit
R6:
router bgp 200
address-family ipv4 multicast
neighbor 44.1.1.1 activate
exit
exit
show ip bgp ipv4 multicast
R3:
debug ip icmp
R8:
ping 228.1.1.1 repeat 3
R1:
int f0/0
no ip pim sparse-mode
exit
int tunnel 0
ip add 41.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
tunnel source f0/0
tunnel destination 14.1.1.4
ip pim sparse-mode
ip pim bsr-border
exit
R4:
int f0/0
no ip pim sparse-mode
exit
int tunnel 0
ip add 41.1.1.4 255.255.255.0
tunnel source f0/0
tunnel destination 14.1.1.1
ip pim sparse-mode
ip pim bsr-border
exit
ip mroute 18.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 tunnel 0
R4:
show ip mroute
9.IPv6組播-----------------------------------------------------------------------
- 1. 6臺路由器ospf+rip實驗
- 2. CCIE學習筆記之組播實驗整理
- 3. 企業基礎架構ccie：組播中的igmp全系實驗
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- 9. 路由器組播測試
- 10. PIM組播路由協議
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每一个你不满意的现在，都有一个你没有努力的曾经。
- 1. 6臺路由器ospf+rip實驗
- 2. CCIE學習筆記之組播實驗整理
- 3. 企業基礎架構ccie：組播中的igmp全系實驗
- 4. CCIE實驗之路由重分佈之重分佈的原則
- 5. 實驗6：路由器IOS升級
- 6. IP組播之組播路由算法
- 7. HCIA-6-靜態路由實驗
- 8. 路由和交換基礎實驗（6）——單臂路由
- 9. 路由器組播測試
- 10. PIM組播路由協議