cocos2dx實現錄音功能

本文主要實現兩個功能:
(1)經過Android sdk的API獲得應用程序的包名(PackageName),而後傳遞給c++層函數。
(2)經過c++函數調用Android的java層函數,顯示一個對話框,點擊按鈕退出程序。
1. 首先來簡單學習一下JNI的相關知識,我這篇文章中簡單實現了怎麼在Android Java層調用c++函數。要想使用JNI,必須得包含頭文件,android是使用ndk編譯c/c++的,這裏jni.h文件位於:\android-ndk-r8b\platforms\android-14\arch-arm\usr\include\jni.h,該文件定義了全部和JNI相關的數據類型和接口。下面是相關代碼片斷: html

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# include <inttypes.h>      /* C99 */
typedefuint8_t         jboolean;       /* unsigned 8 bits */
typedefint8_t          jbyte;          /* signed 8 bits */
typedefuint16_t        jchar;          /* unsigned 16 bits */
typedefint16_t         jshort;         /* signed 16 bits */
typedefint32_t         jint;           /* signed 32 bits */
typedefint64_t         jlong;          /* signed 64 bits */
typedeffloat          jfloat;         /* 32-bit IEEE 754 */
typedefdouble         jdouble;        /* 64-bit IEEE 754 */
#else
typedefunsigned char  jboolean;       /* unsigned 8 bits */
typedefsignedchar    jbyte;          /* signed 8 bits */
typedefunsigned short jchar;          /* unsigned 16 bits */
typedefshort          jshort;         /* signed 16 bits */
typedefint            jint;           /* signed 32 bits */
typedeflonglong      jlong;          /* signed 64 bits */
typedeffloat          jfloat;         /* 32-bit IEEE 754 */
typedefdouble         jdouble;        /* 64-bit IEEE 754 */
#endif
 
/* "cardinal indices and sizes" */
typedefjint            jsize;
 
#ifdef __cplusplus
/*
 * Reference types, in C++
 */
class_jobject {};
class_jclass : public_jobject {};
class_jstring : public_jobject {};
class_jarray : public_jobject {};
class_jobjectArray : public_jarray {};
class_jbooleanArray : public_jarray {};
class_jbyteArray : public_jarray {};
class_jcharArray : public_jarray {};
class_jshortArray : public_jarray {};
class_jintArray : public_jarray {};
class_jlongArray : public_jarray {};
class_jfloatArray : public_jarray {};
class_jdoubleArray : public_jarray {};
class_jthrowable : public_jobject {};
 
typedef_jobject*       jobject;
typedef_jclass*        jclass;
typedef_jstring*       jstring;
typedef_jarray*        jarray;
typedef_jobjectArray*  jobjectArray;
typedef_jbooleanArray* jbooleanArray;
typedef_jbyteArray*    jbyteArray;
typedef_jcharArray*    jcharArray;
typedef_jshortArray*   jshortArray;
typedef_jintArray*     jintArray;
typedef_jlongArray*    jlongArray;
typedef_jfloatArray*   jfloatArray;
typedef_jdoubleArray*  jdoubleArray;
typedef_jthrowable*    jthrowable;
typedef_jobject*       jweak;
 
#else /* not __cplusplus */
 
/*
 * Reference types, in C.
 */
typedefvoid*           jobject;
typedefjobject         jclass;
typedefjobject         jstring;
typedefjobject         jarray;
typedefjarray          jobjectArray;
typedefjarray          jbooleanArray;
typedefjarray          jbyteArray;
typedefjarray          jcharArray;
typedefjarray          jshortArray;
typedefjarray          jintArray;
typedefjarray          jlongArray;
typedefjarray          jfloatArray;
typedefjarray          jdoubleArray;
typedefjobject         jthrowable;
typedefjobject         jweak;
 
#endif /* not __cplusplus */

咱們常常用到的是JNIEnv*,它是一個c結構體,封裝了許多經常使用的函數,如: java

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struct_JNIEnv {
    /* do not rename this; it does not seem to be entirely opaque */
    conststructJNINativeInterface* functions;
 
#if defined(__cplusplus)
 
    jint GetVersion()
    { returnfunctions->GetVersion(this); }
 
    jclass DefineClass(constchar*name, jobject loader, constjbyte* buf,
        jsize bufLen)
    { returnfunctions->DefineClass(this, name, loader, buf, bufLen); }
 
    jclass FindClass(constchar* name)
    { returnfunctions->FindClass(this, name); }
// 這裏省略其餘函數...
 
}

cocos2d-x引擎對jni的操做進行了封裝,提供了一個很是好用的類:JniHelper,定義了一些經常使用的接口,該文件位於cocos2dx/platform/android/jni目錄下。下面看看JniHelper.h源碼: android

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typedefstructJniMethodInfo_
{
    JNIEnv *    env;
    jclass      classID;
    jmethodID   methodID;
} JniMethodInfo;
 
classCC_DLL JniHelper
{
public:
    staticJavaVM* getJavaVM();
    staticvoidsetJavaVM(JavaVM *javaVM);
    staticconstchar* getExternalAssetPath();
    staticvoidsetExternalAssetPath(constchar* externalAssetPath);
    staticjclass getClassID(constchar*className, JNIEnv *env=0);
    staticboolgetStaticMethodInfo(JniMethodInfo &methodinfo, constchar*className, constchar*methodName, constchar*paramCode);
    staticboolgetMethodInfo(JniMethodInfo &methodinfo, constchar*className, constchar*methodName, constchar*paramCode);
    staticstd::string jstring2string(jstring str);
 
private:
    staticJavaVM *m_psJavaVM;
    staticstd::string m_externalAssetPath;
};

下面來解釋JniHelper的兩個經常使用函數:
(1)getStaticMethodInfo
用來判斷Java的類靜態函數是否存在,並初始化結構體JniMethodInfo,該結構體封裝了JNIEnv*和java.lang.Class對象、函數ID。這樣就能夠使用JNIEnv*調用 CallStaticXXXMethod(jclass clazz, jmethodID methodID, …)和 CallXXXMethod(jobject obj, jmethodID methodID, …)等經常使用函數(XXX替換爲函數返回值類型,如:Void,Int等)。
第一個參數爲JniMethodInfo,第二個參數是類的絕對路徑,第三個參數是函數名,第四個參數是函數簽名(參數和返回類型),示例代碼以下: c++

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if(JniHelper::getStaticMethodInfo(t, CLASS_NAME, "showTipDialog", "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"))
{
//...
}

關於類型簽名,請對照下圖:
ide

(2)getMethodInfo
該函數與getStaticMethodInfo相似,用於Java類的非靜態函數。 函數

2. 下面開始實現文章開頭所述的兩個功能,本文是在cocos2d-x 2.0版本 自適應屏幕分辨率demo的基礎上添加的。
(1)利用cocos2d-x建立一個Android工程,名爲JniTest,包名爲com.alexzhou.jni,此時該包下會自動生成一個JniTest.java文件。
(2)首先來實現把應用程序的包名傳遞給c++函數,在包下建立JniTestHelper.java,該類封裝了給c++調用的函數,添加以下代碼: 學習

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privatestaticHandler mHandler;
 
publicstaticvoidinit(Handler handler)
{
    JniTestHelper.mHandler = handler;
}
 
publicstaticnativevoidsetPackageName(String packageName);

(3)打開JniTest.java,在onCreate函數中添加下面的代碼: ui

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protectedvoidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        JniTestHelper.init(mHandler);
        JniTestHelper.setPackageName(this.getPackageName());
    }

(4)java層的代碼已經完成了,下面來編寫jni層代碼,在/jni/hellocpp/下建立test.h和test.cpp文件,test.h文件暫時不添加任何函數,代碼以下:
test.h this

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#ifndef TEST_H
#define TEST_H
 
#endif

test.cpp spa

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#include "cocos2d.h"
#include <jni.h>
#include "platform/android/jni/JniHelper.h"
#include "test.h"
#include "JniTest.h"
 
#define CLASS_NAME "com/alexzhou/jni/JniTestHelper"
 
usingnamespacecocos2d;
 
extern"C"
{
 
voidJava_com_alexzhou_jni_JniTestHelper_setPackageName(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jstring packageName)
{
    constchar*pkgName = env->GetStringUTFChars(packageName, NULL);
    setPackageName(pkgName);
    env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(packageName, pkgName);
}
 
}

必須加上extern 「C」,聲明以c語言的方式進行編譯,由於c++和c在編譯時生成的函數簽名不同,能夠在網上查找相關資料,否則運行的時候會出現連接錯誤。
(5)如今編寫c++函數,在Classes目錄下建立JniTest.h,代碼以下:

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#ifndef JNI_TEST_H
#define JNI_TEST_H
 
#include "cocos2d.h"
 
usingnamespacecocos2d;
 
voidsetPackageName(constchar*packageName)
{
    CCLog("packageName: %s", packageName); 
}
 
#endif

(6)修改jni/Android.mk文件的LOCAL_SRC_FILES值 ,內容以下:

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LOCAL_SRC_FILES := hellocpp/main.cpp \
                   hellocpp/test.cpp

(7)編譯運行,由於我是使用cygwin編譯的,並且Android項目不在cocos2d-x的根目錄下,因此須要修改build_native.sh,修改COCOS2DX_ROOT和NDK_MODULE_PATH的值,把當前cocos2d-x項目的路徑添加到NDK_MODULE_PATH,修改後的值:

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COCOS2DX_ROOT="/cygdrive/e/cocos2d-x/cocos2d-2.0-x-2.0.4"
 
"NDK_MODULE_PATH=${COCOS2DX_ROOT}:${COCOS2DX_ROOT}/cocos2dx/platform/third_party/android/prebuilt:${APP_ROOT}"

運行結果:

(8)如今來實現經過c++函數調用java層函數,顯示一個對話框。在JniTestHelper.java添加以下代碼:

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publicstaticnativevoidexitApp();
 
privatestaticvoidshowTipDialog(finalString title, finalString text)
{
    Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage();
    msg.what = JniTest.SHOW_DIALOG;
    DialogMessage dm = newDialogMessage();
    dm.title = title;
    dm.msg = text;
    msg.obj = dm;
    msg.sendToTarget();
}

(9)建立一個DialogMessage.java,封裝dialog要顯示的數據。

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/**
author:alexzhou
email :zhoujiangbohai@163.com
date  :2012-12-14
 **/
 
publicclassDialogMessage {
 
    publicString title;
    publicString msg;
}

(10) 修改JniTest.java,添加顯示對話框的函數:

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publicstaticfinalintSHOW_DIALOG = 0x0001;
 
   privateHandler mHandler = newHandler()
    {
        @Override
        publicvoidhandleMessage(Message msg) {
            switch(msg.what)
            {
            caseSHOW_DIALOG:
                DialogMessage dm = (DialogMessage)msg.obj;
                newAlertDialog.Builder(JniTest.this)
                .setTitle(dm.title)
                .setMessage(dm.msg).setNegativeButton("cancle", newDialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
 
                    @Override
                    publicvoidonClick(DialogInterface dialog, intwhich) {
                        dialog.dismiss();
                    }
                })
                .setPositiveButton("Ok",
                        newDialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
 
                    @Override
                    publicvoidonClick(DialogInterface dialog, intwhich) {
                        dialog.dismiss();
                        JniTestHelper.exitApp();
                    }
                })
                .create().show();
                break;
            }
        }
    };

(11)在test.h和test.cpp中添加顯示對話框的接口:
test.h

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extern"C"
{
voidshowTipDialog(constchar*title, constchar*msg);
}

test.cpp

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extern"C"
{
voidshowTipDialog(constchar*title, constchar*msg)
{
    JniMethodInfo t;
    if(JniHelper::getStaticMethodInfo(t, CLASS_NAME, "showTipDialog", "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V"))
    {
        jstring jTitle = t.env->NewStringUTF(title);
        jstring jMsg = t.env->NewStringUTF(msg);
        t.env->CallStaticVoidMethod(t.classID, t.methodID, jTitle, jMsg);
        t.env->DeleteLocalRef(jTitle);
        t.env->DeleteLocalRef(jMsg);
    }
}
 
voidJava_com_alexzhou_jni_JniTestHelper_setPackageName(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jstring packageName)
{
    constchar*pkgName = env->GetStringUTFChars(packageName, NULL);
    setPackageName(pkgName);
    env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(packageName, pkgName);
}
 
voidJava_com_alexzhou_jni_JniTestHelper_exitApp(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz)
{
    exitApp();
}
 
}

(12) 修改Classes目錄下的JniTest.h,添加代碼:

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voidexitApp()
{
    CCDirector::sharedDirector()->end();
}

(13)到此爲止,全部代碼都已經完成了,代碼比較簡單就不詳細解釋了,如今編譯運行,效果以下:

源碼下載地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/u013388439/9459321

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