Mybatis【5】-- Mybatis多種增刪改查那些你會了麼?

前面咱們學會了Mybatis如何配置數據庫以及建立SqlSession,那怎麼寫呢?crud怎麼寫?java

代碼直接放在Github倉庫【 https://github.com/Damaer/Myb...
須要聲明的是:此 Mybatis學習筆記,是從原始的 Mybatis開始的,而不是整合了其餘框架(好比 Spring)以後,我的認爲,這樣能對它的功能,它能幫咱們作什麼,有更好的理解,後面再慢慢疊加其餘的功能。

項目的目錄以下:
mysql

建立數據庫:初始化數據,SQL語句以下(也就是resource下的test.sqlgit

#建立數據庫
CREATE DATABASE `test` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
#建立數據表
CREATE TABLE `student` ( `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ,
`age` INT NOT NULL , `score` DOUBLE NOT NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE = MyISAM;

使用maven管理項目,pom.xml文件管理依賴jar包:github

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.test</groupId>
    <artifactId>test</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- mybatis核心包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- mysql驅動包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.29</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- junit測試包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 日誌文件管理包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

與數據庫中相對應的實體類Student:sql

package bean;

public class Student {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private double score;
    public Student(){

    }
    public Student(String name, int age, double score) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.score = score;
    }
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public double getScore() {
        return score;
    }
    public void setScore(double score) {
        this.score = score;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age
                + ", score=" + score + "]";
    }
    
}

使用mybatis的重要一步是配置數據源,要不怎麼知道使用哪個數據庫,有哪些mapper文件,主配置文件 mybatis.xml數據庫

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!-- 配置數據庫文件 -->
    <properties resource="jdbc_mysql.properties">

    </properties>
    <!-- 別名,對數據對象操做全名太長,須要使用別名 -->
    <typeAliases>
        <!--<typeAlias type="bean.Student" alias="Student"/>-->
        <!--直接使用類名便可,對於整個包的路徑配置(別名),簡單快捷 -->
        <package name="bean"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <!-- 配置運行環境 -->
    <!-- default 表示默認使用哪個環境,能夠配置多個,好比開發時的測試環境,上線後的正式環境等 -->
    <environments default="mysqlEM">
        <environment id="mysqlEM">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC">
            </transactionManager>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <!-- 註冊映射文件 -->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="mapper/mapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

mybatis.xml文件裏面抽取出來的數據庫鏈接相關信息jdbc_mysql.properties文件:apache

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=123456

日誌系統的配置文件 log4j.properties:api

log4j.prpp
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[service] %d - %c -%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n

#log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender    
#log4j.appender.R.File=../logs/service.log    
#log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout    
#log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=[service] %d - %c -%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n    

#log4j.logger.com.ibatis = debug    
#log4j.logger.com.ibatis.common.jdbc.SimpleDataSource = debug    
#log4j.logger.com.ibatis.common.jdbc.ScriptRunner = debug    
#log4j.logger.com.ibatis.sqlmap.engine.impl.SqlMapClientDelegate = debug    
#log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection = debug    
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement = debug
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement = debug
log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet =debug

在主配置文件mybatis.xml裏咱們配置了去掃描mapper文件,那咱們要實現的是對Student的增刪改查等功能,Mapper.xml:session

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="abc">
    <!-- parameterType能夠省略不寫 -->
    <insert id="insertStudent" parameterType="Student">
        insert into student(name,age,score) values(#{name},#{age},#{score})
    </insert>

    <insert id="insertStudentCacheId" parameterType="Student">
        insert into student(name,age,score) values(#{name},#{age},#{score})
        <!-- 指定結果類型resultType,keyProperty是屬性,自動返回到屬性id中,order是次序,after是指獲取id是在於插入後 -->
        <selectKey resultType="int" keyProperty="id" order="AFTER">
            select @@identity
        </selectKey>
    </insert>

    <!-- 刪除 -->
    <delete id="deleteStudentById" >
        delete from student where id=#{id}
        <!-- 這裏的id放什麼均可以,只是一個佔位符,不表示什麼 -->
    </delete>

    <update id="updateStudent">
        update student set name=#{name},age=#{age},score=#{score} where id=#{id}
    </update>

    <!-- 查詢列表 -->
    <!-- 系統不知道返回封裝爲何類型,因此要註明返回類型 -->
    <select id="selectAllStudents" resultType="Student">
        select id,name,age,score from student
        <!-- 若是數據庫爲tid,tname,tage,那麼咱們可使用別名
        select tid id,tname name,tage age,tscore score from student -->
    </select>
    <!-- 經過id來查詢學生 -->
    <select id="selectStudentById" resultType="Student">
        select * from student where id=#{xxx}

    </select>
    <!-- 模糊查詢-->
    <!-- 不能寫成'%#{name}%' -->
    <!-- 能夠寫成這樣,也就是使函數拼接 select id,name,age,score from student where name like concat('%',#{xxx},'%') -->
    <!-- 也能夠寫成這樣,‘’引發來的是寫死的,而變量是不能夠引發來的select id,name,age,score from student where name like '%' #{xxx} '%' -->
    <!-- '%' #{xxx} '%'中間必須有空格,要不就無效了 -->
    <select id="selectStudentsByName" resultType="Student">
        <!--最經常使用的(動態參數) select id,name,age,score from student where name like '%' #{name} '%' -->
        <!-- 下面的是字符串拼接 ,只能寫value,瞭解便可,容易sql注入,執行效率低,不建議使用-->
        select id,name,age,score from student where name like '%${value}%'
    </select>
</mapper>

有了mapper.xml文件還不夠,咱們須要定義接口與sql語句一一對應,IStudentDao.classmybatis

package dao;
import bean.Student;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public interface IStudentDao {
    // 增長學生
    public void insertStudent(Student student);
    // 增長新學生並返回id
    public void insertStudentCacheId(Student student);

    // 根據id刪除學生
    public void deleteStudentById(int id);
    // 更新學生的信息
    public void updateStudent(Student student);

    // 返回全部學生的信息List
    public List<Student> selectAllStudents();
    // 返回全部學生的信息Map
    public Map<String, Object> selectAllStudentsMap();

    // 根據id查找學生
    public Student selectStudentById(int id);
    // 根據名字查找學生,模糊查詢
    public List<Student>selectStudentsByName(String name);
}

接口的實現類以下:
sqlSession有不少方法:

  • 若是是插入一條數據須要使用insert();
  • 刪除一條數據使用delete();
  • 更新一條數據使用update();
  • 若是查詢返回數據的List使用SelectList()方法;
  • 若是返回查詢多條數據的Map使用selectMap();
  • 若是查詢一條數據,那麼只須要使用selectOne()便可。
package dao;

import bean.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import utils.MyBatisUtils;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class StudentDaoImpl implements IStudentDao {
    private SqlSession sqlSession;
    public void insertStudent(Student student) {
        //加載主配置文件
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            sqlSession.insert("insertStudent", student);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
    }

    public void insertStudentCacheId(Student student) {
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            sqlSession.insert("insertStudentCacheId", student);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
    }

    public void deleteStudentById(int id) {
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            sqlSession.delete("deleteStudentById", id);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
    }

    public void updateStudent(Student student) {
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            sqlSession.update("updateStudent", student);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
    }

    public List<Student> selectAllStudents() {
        List<Student> students ;
        try {
            sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            students = sqlSession.selectList("selectAllStudents");
            //查詢不用修改,因此不用提交事務
        } finally {
            if (sqlSession != null) {
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return students;
    }

    public Map<String, Object> selectAllStudentsMap() {
        Map<String ,Object> map=new HashMap<String, Object>();
        /**
         * 能夠寫成Map<String ,Student> map=new HashMap<String, Student>();
         */
        try {
            sqlSession=MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            map=sqlSession.selectMap("selectAllStudents", "name");
            //查詢不用修改,因此不用提交事務
        } finally{
            if(sqlSession!=null){
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return map;
    }

    public Student selectStudentById(int id) {
        Student student=null;
        try {
            sqlSession=MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            student=sqlSession.selectOne("selectStudentById",id);
            sqlSession.commit();
        } finally{
            if(sqlSession!=null){
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return student;
    }

    public List<Student> selectStudentsByName(String name) {
        List<Student>students=new ArrayList<Student>();
        try {
            sqlSession=MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
            students=sqlSession.selectList("selectStudentsByName",name);
            //查詢不用修改,因此不用提交事務
        } finally{
            if(sqlSession!=null){
                sqlSession.close();
            }
        }
        return students;
    }
}

咱們使用了一個本身定義的工具類,用來獲取Sqlsession的實例:

package utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class MyBatisUtils {
    static private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

    static public SqlSession getSqlSession() {
        InputStream is;
        try {
            is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis.xml");
            if (sqlSessionFactory == null) {
                sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
            }
            return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
}

測試代碼MyTest.class:

import bean.Student;
import dao.IStudentDao;
import dao.StudentDaoImpl;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class MyTest {
    private IStudentDao dao;
    @Before
    public void Before(){
        dao=new StudentDaoImpl();
    }
    /**
     * 插入測試
     */
    @Test
    public void testInsert(){
        /**
         * 要是沒有select id,這樣是不會自動獲取id的,id會一直爲空
         */
        Student student=new Student("hello",14,94.6);
        System.out.println("插入前:student="+student);
        dao.insertStudent(student);
        System.out.println("插入後:student="+student);
    }
    /**
     * 測試插入後獲取id
     */
    @Test
    public void testinsertStudentCacheId(){
        Student student=new Student("helloworld",17,85);
        System.out.println("插入前:student="+student);
        dao.insertStudentCacheId(student);
        System.out.println("插入後:student="+student);
    }
    /*
     * 測試刪除
     *
     */
    @Test
    public void testdeleteStudentById(){
        dao.deleteStudentById(18);

    }
    /*
     * 測試修改,通常咱們業務裏面不這樣寫,通常是查詢出來student再修改
     *
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdate(){
        Student student=new Student("lallalalla",14,94.6);
        student.setId(21);
        dao.updateStudent(student);

    }
    /*
     * 查詢列表
     *
     */
    @Test
    public void testselectList(){
        List<Student> students=dao.selectAllStudents();
        if(students.size()>0){
            for(Student student:students){
                System.out.println(student);
            }
        }
    }
    /*
     * 查詢列表裝成map
     *
     */
    @Test
    public void testselectMap(){
        Map<String,Object> students=dao.selectAllStudentsMap();
        // 有相同的名字的會直接替換掉以前查出來的,由於是同一個key
        System.out.println(students.get("helloworld"));
        System.out.println(students.get("1ADAS"));
    }
    /*
     * 經過id來查詢student
     *
     */
    @Test
    public void testselectStudentById(){
        Student student=dao.selectStudentById(19);
        System.out.println(student);
    }
    /*
     * 經過模糊查詢student的名字
     *
     */
    @Test
    public void testselectStudentByName(){
        List<Student>students=dao.selectStudentsByName("abc");
        if(students.size()>0){
            for(Student student:students)
                System.out.println(student);
        }

    }
}

至此這個demo就完成了,運行test的時候建議多跑幾回插入再測其餘功能。

從上面的代碼咱們能夠看出Mybatis整體運行的邏輯:

  • 1.經過加載mybatis.xml文件,而後解析文件,獲取數據庫鏈接信息,存起來。
  • 2.掃描mybatis.xml裏面配置的mapper.xml文件。
  • 3.掃描mapper.xml文件的時候,,將sql按照namespaceid存起來。
  • 4.經過剛剛存起來的數據庫鏈接信息,build出一個sqlSessionFactory工廠,sqlSessionFactory又能夠獲取到openSession,至關於獲取到數據庫會話。
  • 5.經過SqlSessioninsert()update(),delete()等方法,裏面傳入id和參數,就能夠查找到剛剛掃描mapper.xml文件時存起來的sql,去執行sql。

【做者簡介】
秦懷,公衆號【秦懷雜貨店】做者,技術之路不在一時,山高水長,縱使緩慢,馳而不息。這個世界但願一切都很快,更快,可是我但願本身能走好每一步,寫好每一篇文章,期待和大家一塊兒交流。

此文章僅表明本身(本菜鳥)學習積累記錄,或者學習筆記,若有侵權,請聯繫做者覈實刪除。人無完人,文章也同樣,文筆稚嫩,在下不才,勿噴,若是有錯誤之處,還望指出,感激涕零~

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