vmstat 等Linux性能命令中文參考

時間 2019-12-04

原文原文鏈接

本文主要介紹基於Linux的 sar (System Accounting Report) 及 vmstat , iostat ,prstat 等工具。Windows請參考使用資源監視器(能夠在任務管理器調出)和命令typeperf。node

性能監控特別關注CPU、內存、磁盤的使用率。涉及到網絡的須要增長網絡使用率。python

短時間CPU使用要儘量高。CPU閒的緣由：同步原語阻塞；等待響應；無事可幹。linux

若是磁盤寫沒有緩衝，I/O會很低；固然I/O也有大量使用致使過載的狀況。ios

iostat

NAME 名字api

iostat - Report Central Processing Unit (CPU) statistics and input/output statistics for devices, partitions and network filesystems (NFS). 報告CPU統計和設備、分區及NFS的I/O統計信息緩存
SYNOPSIS 語法
iostat [ -c ] [ -d ] [ -N ] [ -n ] [ -h ] [ -k | -m ] [ -t ] [ -V ] [ -x ] [ -y ] [ -z ] [ -j { ID | LABEL | PATH | UUID | ... } [ device [...]
| ALL ] ] [ device [...] | ALL ] [ -p [ device [,...] | ALL ] ] [ interval [ count ] ]網絡
DESCRIPTION 描述
The iostat command is used for monitoring system input/output device loading by observing the time the devices are active in relation to their average transfer rates. The iostat command generates reports that can be used to change system configuration to better balance the input/output load between physical disks.app

iostat命令經過觀察設備活動時間的平均傳輸速率，以監控系統的I/O設備負載。 iostat命令生成的報告可用於改變系統配置，以更好地平衡I/O負載和物理磁盤。less

       The first report generated by the iostat command provides statistics concerning the time since the system was booted, unless the -y option isused, when this first report is omitted. Each subsequent report covers the time since the previous report. All statistics are reported each time the iostat command is run. The report consists of a CPU header row followed by a row of CPU statistics. On multiprocessor systems, CPU statistics are calculated system-wide as averages among all processors. A device header row is displayed followed by a line of statistics for
       each device that is configured. When option -n is used, an NFS header row is displayed followed by a line of statistics for each network
       filesystem that is mounted.dom

       The interval parameter specifies the amount of time in seconds between each report. The first report contains statistics for the time since
       system startup (boot), unless the -y option is used, when this report is omitted. Each subsequent report contains statistics collected during
       the interval since the previous report. The count parameter can be specified in conjunction with the interval parameter. If the count parameter
       is specified, the value of count determines the number of reports generated at interval seconds apart. If the interval parameter is specified
       without the count parameter, the iostat command generates reports continuously.

vmstat

NAME 名字

vmstat - Report virtual memory statistics 報告虛擬內存的統計信息
SYNOPSIS 語法
vmstat [options] [delay [count]]
DESCRIPTION 描述
      vmstat reports information about processes, memory, paging, block IO, traps, disks and cpu activity.

      vmstat報告進程、內存、頁和 I/O 塊、中斷及 CPU信息。


      The first report produced gives averages since the last reboot. Additional reports give information on a sampling period of length delay. The process and memory reports are instantaneous in either case.

      第一次報告啓動至今的平均狀況。後面的信息是按取樣間隔按期顯示。進程和內存信息都是瞬間的。

#vmstat 
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu-----
 r  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in   cs us sy id wa st
 0  0      0 6842592   1736 5226384    0    0     0     1    1    1  0  0 100  0  0

OPTIONS 選項
delay The delay between updates in seconds. If no delay is specified, only one report is printed with the average values since boot.

取樣間隔，即每隔幾秒更新一次。若是沒有隻輸出啓動至今的平均狀況。

#vmstat 1
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu-----
 r  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in   cs us sy id wa st
 0  0      0 6842708   1736 5226384    0    0     0     1    1    1  0  0 100  0  0
 0  0      0 6842708   1736 5226384    0    0     0     0   51  121  0  0 100  0  0
 0  0      0 6842708   1736 5226384    0    0     0     0   46  108  0  0 100  0  0

count Number of updates. In absence of count, when delay is defined, default is infinite.

       更新的次數。若是沒有指定切定義了取樣間隔，則是無窮次。

       -a, --active
              Display active and inactive memory, given a 2.5.41 kernel or better.

2.5.41內核之後用於顯示active和inactive內存。Active是指應用程序正在使用的內存；Inactive是以前的應用程序使用過的內存，可是爲了之後可以快速從新加載而遺留在系統中的內存；

#vmstat -a
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu-----
 r  b   swpd   free  inact active   si   so    bi    bo   in   cs us sy id wa st
 0  0      0 6842964 1365836 5773756    0    0     0     1    1    1  0  0 100  0  0

-f, --forks
The -f switch displays the number of forks since boot. This includes the fork, vfork, and clone system calls, and is equivalent to the total number of tasks created. Each process is represented by one or more tasks, depending on thread usage. This display does not repeat.

顯示啓動後的調用數，包含fork, vfork和克隆的系統調用，等同於總共建立的任務。一個進程根據線程使用狀況可能有一個或多個任務。

#vmstat -f
      1393526 forks

-m, --slabs
Displays slabinfo.顯示slabinfo。

#vmstat -m
Cache                       Num  Total   Size  Pages
fuse_inode                   21     21    768     21
kvm_vcpu                      0      0  16064      2
kvm_mmu_page_header           0      0    168     24
nfsd4_delegations             0      0    368     22
nfsd4_openowners              0      0    392     20
rpc_inode_cache              25     25    640     25
xfs_dqtrx                     0      0    576     28
xfs_icr                       0      0    144     28
xfs_ili                  169390 169390    152     26
xfs_inode                1127244 1127328   1024     16
xfs_efd_item                160    260    400     20
xfs_da_state                 64     64    488     16
xfs_btree_cur                76     76    208     19
xfs_log_ticket              353    396    184     22
scsi_cmd_cache              438    450    448     18
kcopyd_job                    0      0   3312      9
dm_uevent                     0      0   2608     12
dm_rq_target_io               0      0    424     19
UDPLITEv6                     0      0   1152     28
UDPv6                       112    112   1152     28
tw_sock_TCPv6                 0      0    256     16
TCPv6                        64     64   2048     16
cfq_queue                   382    476    232     17
bsg_cmd                       0      0    312     26
mqueue_inode_cache           18     18    896     18
hugetlbfs_inode_cache        52     52    608     26
configfs_dir_cache           46     46     88     46
dquot                         0      0    256     16
pid_namespace                 0      0   2176     15
posix_timers_cache            0      0    248     16
UDP-Lite                      0      0   1024     16
ip_fib_trie                 292    292     56     73
RAW                         612    612    960     17
UDP                          80     80   1024     16
tw_sock_TCP                 176    272    256     16
TCP                         102    102   1920     17
blkdev_queue                 51     51   1920     17
blkdev_requests           70376  70455    384     21
blkdev_ioc                  195    195    104     39
fsnotify_event_holder     18700  18700     24    170
fsnotify_event            18355  18598    120     34
sock_inode_cache            745    825    640     25
net_namespace                28     28   4224      7
shmem_inode_cache          1557   1584    680     24
Acpi-ParseExt              2856   2856     72     56
Acpi-Namespace             1992   2958     40    102
taskstats                    96     96    328     24
proc_inode_cache          45997  46176    656     24
sigqueue                    100    100    160     25
bdev_cache                   76     76    832     19
sysfs_dir_cache           19620  19620    112     36
inode_cache               26514  26514    592     27
dentry                   1722408 1722567    192     21
iint_cache                    0      0     80     51
selinux_inode_security    10883  11577     80     51
buffer_head              845296 845481    104     39
vm_area_struct            24487  24606    216     18
mm_struct                   200    200   1600     20
files_cache                 225    225    640     25
signal_cache                442    504   1152     28
sighand_cache               278    315   2112     15
task_xstate                 590    684    832     19
task_struct                 457    506   2912     11
anon_vma                   9521   9920     64     64
Cache                       Num  Total   Size  Pages
shared_policy_node         2550   2550     48     85
numa_policy                  31     31    264     31
radix_tree_node           69536  69636    584     28
idr_layer_cache             345    345   2112     15
dma-kmalloc-8192              0      0   8192      4
dma-kmalloc-4096              0      0   4096      8
dma-kmalloc-2048              0      0   2048     16
dma-kmalloc-1024              0      0   1024     16
dma-kmalloc-512               0      0    512     16
dma-kmalloc-256               0      0    256     16
dma-kmalloc-128               0      0    128     32
dma-kmalloc-64                0      0     64     64
dma-kmalloc-32                0      0     32    128
dma-kmalloc-16                0      0     16    256
dma-kmalloc-8                 0      0      8    512
dma-kmalloc-192               0      0    192     21
dma-kmalloc-96                0      0     96     42
kmalloc-8192                 49     72   8192      4
kmalloc-4096                184    200   4096      8
kmalloc-2048                485    512   2048     16
kmalloc-1024               1712   1808   1024     16
kmalloc-512                 927   1008    512     16
kmalloc-256                8123   9056    256     16
kmalloc-192                5862   6405    192     21
kmalloc-128                7650   7872    128     32
kmalloc-96                17094  17094     96     42
kmalloc-64               687907 689728     64     64
kmalloc-32                19003  19328     32    128
kmalloc-16                 8448   8448     16    256
kmalloc-8                 17920  17920      8    512
kmem_cache_node             320    320     64     64
kmem_cache                  128    128    256     16

     -n, --one-header
              Display the header only once rather than periodically.只顯示一次表頭。

       -s, --stats
              Displays a table of various event counters and memory statistics. This display does not repeat.顯示時間計數器和內存統計信息，不會重複。

       -d, --disk
              Report disk statistics (2.5.70 or above required).2.5.70內核以上顯示磁盤信息。

#vmstat -s
     16331568 K total memory
      9488356 K used memory
      5773836 K active memory
      1365836 K inactive memory
      6843212 K free memory
         1736 K buffer memory
      5226384 K swap cache
      8200188 K total swap
            0 K used swap
      8200188 K free swap
      5786965 non-nice user cpu ticks
        91652 nice user cpu ticks
      3658782 system cpu ticks
   2778978158 idle cpu ticks
       802294 IO-wait cpu ticks
          212 IRQ cpu ticks
        47689 softirq cpu ticks
            0 stolen cpu ticks
      2456734 pages paged in
     17256284 pages paged out
            0 pages swapped in
            0 pages swapped out
    878734186 interrupts
   2721774223 CPU context switches
   1172493713 boot time
      1393536 forks

-D, --disk-sum
Report some summary statistics about disk activity.磁盤活動統計信息。

]#vmstat -D
            7 disks 
            2 partitions 
    365229200 total reads
      1456581 merged reads
  46899177474 read sectors
   2734703813 milli reading
      6043002 writes
       255914 merged writes
    132721664 written sectors
    227815975 milli writing
            0 inprogress IO
       190847 milli spent IO

-p, --partition device
Detailed statistics about partition (2.5.70 or above required).

2.5.70內核以上顯示分區信息。

#vmstat -p /dev/md126p1
md126p1       reads   read sectors  writes    requested writes
                   0          0          0          0

-S, --unit character
Switches outputs between 1000 (k), 1024 (K), 1000000 (m), or 1048576 (M) bytes. Note this does not change the swap (si/so) or block (bi/bo) fields.

切換輸出單位：1000 (k), 1024 (K), 1000000 (m)或1048576 (M) bytes，注意不會影響swap (si/so)和block (bi/bo)。

#vmstat -S M
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ------cpu-----
 r  b   swpd   free   buff  cache   si   so    bi    bo   in   cs us sy id wa st
 0  0      0   6682      1   5103    0    0     0     1    1    1  0  0 100  0  0

-t, --timestamp
Append timestamp to each line。每行增長時間戳。

#vmstat -t -w 1
procs -----------------------memory---------------------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- --------cpu-------- -----timestamp-----
 r  b         swpd         free         buff        cache   si   so    bi    bo   in   cs  us  sy  id  wa  st                 CST
 0  0            0      6842716         1736      5226496    0    0     0     1    1    1   0   0 100   0   0 2015-06-27 14:55:20
 0  0            0      6842956         1736      5226496    0    0     0     0   81  171   0   0 100   0   0 2015-06-27 14:55:21

       -w, --wide
              Wide output mode (useful for systems with higher amount of memory, where the default output mode suffers from unwanted column breakage). The output is wider than 80 characters per line.寬行輸出，行可能超過80個字符，須要更多內存。

       -V, --version
              Display version information and exit. 顯示版本信息並退出。

       -h, --help
              Display help and exit.顯示幫助信息並退出。

FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR VM MODE VM模式域描述
   Procs
       r: The number of runnable processes (running or waiting for run time). 等待運行的進程數
       b: The number of processes in uninterruptible sleep.處在非中斷睡眠狀態的進程數

   Memory
       swpd: the amount of virtual memory used. 虛擬內存
       free: the amount of idle memory. 空閒內存
       buff: the amount of memory used as buffers. 緩存的內存數
       cache: the amount of memory used as cache (excluding tmpfs memory for
       kernels 2.6.32+) cache內存數，kernels 2.6.32不包含tmpfs。
       inact: the amount of inactive memory. (-a option) inactive內存
       active: the amount of active memory. (-a option) active內存

   Swap
       si: Amount of memory swapped in from disk (/s). 來自磁盤交換頁佔用的內存數量
       so: Amount of memory swapped to disk (/s).從內存交換到磁盤的交換頁數量

   IO
       bi: Blocks received from a block device (blocks/s).從塊設備接收到的塊數，單位：塊/秒
       bo: Blocks sent to a block device (blocks/s).發送到塊設備的塊數，單位：塊/秒

   System
       in: The number of interrupts per second, including the clock. 每秒的中斷數，包括時鐘中斷
       cs: The number of context switches per second. 每秒上下文切換次數

   CPU
       These are percentages of total CPU time. 下面是總CPU時間的百分比。
       us: Time spent running non-kernel code. (user time, including nice time) 非內核代碼時間(用戶時間，包含nice時間)
       sy: Time spent running kernel code. (system time) 內核代碼時間(系統時間)
       id: Time spent idle. Prior to Linux 2.5.41, this includes IO-wait time. 空閒時間。內核2.5.41之前包含IO等待時間。
       wa: Time spent waiting for IO. Prior to Linux 2.5.41, included in idle. IO等待時間
       st: Time stolen from a virtual machine. Prior to Linux 2.6.11, unknown. 虛擬機時間，Linux 2.6.11之前無效。
FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR DISK MODE 磁盤模式域描述
   Reads
       total: Total reads completed successfully 總成功讀數
       merged: grouped reads (resulting in one I/O) 組讀次數(多個I/O合做一個)
       sectors: Sectors read successfully 成功讀扇區數
       ms: milliseconds spent reading 讀消耗的毫秒數

   Writes
       total: Total writes completed successfully 成功寫數
       merged: grouped writes (resulting in one I/O) 寫次數(多個I/O合做一個)
       sectors: Sectors written successfully 寫成功讀扇區數
       ms: milliseconds spent writing 寫消耗的毫秒數

   IO
       cur: I/O in progress 處理的I/O數
       s: seconds spent for I/O耗時的秒數
FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR DISK PARTITION MODE 磁盤分區模式域描述
       reads: Total number of reads issued to this partition 總讀次數
       read sectors: Total read sectors for partition 總讀扇區數
       writes : Total number of writes issued to this partition 總寫次數
       requested writes: Total number of write requests made for partition 分區總寫請求數
FIELD DESCRIPTION FOR SLAB MODE SLAB模式域描述
       cache: Cache name 緩存名
       num: Number of currently active objects 當前活動對象數
       total: Total number of available objects 總可用對象數
       size: Size of each object 每一個對象的大小
       pages: Number of pages with at least one active object 每一個活動對象的頁數。
NOTES 說明
       vmstat does not require special permissions. vmstat的不須要特殊權限。

       These reports are intended to help identify system bottlenecks. Linux vmstat does not count itself as a running process.
       這些報告摯愛幫助肯定系統瓶頸。 Linux的vmstat的不算自己做爲一個正在運行的進程。

       All linux blocks are currently 1024 bytes. Old kernels may report blocks as 512 bytes, 2048 bytes, or 4096 bytes.
       全部Linux塊是目前1024個字節。舊的內核可能爲512字節，2048字節，或4096個字節。

       Since procps 3.1.9, vmstat lets you choose units (k, K, m, M). Default is K (1024 bytes) in the default mode.
       procps的3.1.9之後vmstat的讓你選擇的單位（K，K，M，M）。默認爲K（1024字節）在默認模式。

       vmstat uses slabinfo 1.1 vmstat的使用slabinfo1.1
FILES 文件
       /proc/meminfo
       /proc/stat
       /proc/*/stat
SEE ALSO 相似命令
free(1), iostat(1), mpstat(1), ps(1), sar(1), top(1)
BUGS
Does not tabulate the block io per device or count the number of system calls.
不能基於設備計算IO塊或系統調用數。
AUTHORS 做者
Henry Ware al172@yfn.ysu.edu
Fabian Frédérick ffrederick@users.sourceforge.net(diskstat, slab, partitions...)
REPORTING BUGS BUG 報告
procps@freelists.org

參考資料

pmap

概述 pmap - report memory map of a process

Pmap 提供了進程的內存映射，pmap命令用於顯示一個或多個進程的內存狀態。其報告進程的地址空間和內存狀態信息。Pmap其實是一個Sun OS上的命令，linux僅支持其有限的功能。可是它仍是對查看完整的進程地址空間頗有幫助。咱們須要PID或者運行的進程的惟一進程ID來查看進程內存狀態，咱們能夠經過/proc或者常規命令好比top或ps獲得它

語法

       pmap [options] pid [...]

描述

The pmap command reports the memory map of a process or processes.

參數

       -x, --extended
              Show the extended format. 

       -d, --device
              Show the device format.

       -q, --quiet
              Do not display some header or footer lines.

       -A, --range low,high
              Limit results to the given range to low and high address range.  Notice that the low and high arguments are single string separated with comma.

       -X     Show even more details than the -x option. WARNING: format changes according to /proc/PID/smaps

       -XX    Show everything the kernel provides

       -p, --show-path
              Show full path to files in the mapping column

       -c, --read-rc
              Read the default configuration

       -C, --read-rc-from file
              Read the configuration from file

       -n, --create-rc
              Create new default configuration

       -N, --create-rc-to file
              Create new configuration to file

       -h, --help
              Display help text and exit.

       -V, --version
              Display version information and exit.

Address: start address of map 映像起始地址

Kbytes: size of map in kilobytes 映像大小（KB）

RSS: resident set size in kilobytes 駐留內存大小

Dirty: dirty pages (both shared and private) in kilobytes 髒頁大小

Mode: 內存的權限： permissions on map 映像權限: r=read, w=write, x=execute, s=shared, p=private (copy on write)

Mapping: file backing the map , or '[ anon ]' for allocated memory, or '[ stack ]' for the program stack. 文件後臺映射,[anon]爲已分配內存 [stack]爲程序堆棧

Offset: offset into the file 文件偏移

Device: evice name (major:minor) 設備名

上面參數經過man ps均可以看到。

其餘

EXIT STATUS
              0      Success.
              1      Failure.
              42     Did not find all processes asked for.

SEE ALSO
       ps(1), pgrep(1)

STANDARDS
       No standards apply, but pmap looks an awful lot like a SunOS command.

實例

# pmap 25798 -d
25798:   python backup_server
Address           Kbytes Mode  Offset           Device    Mapping
0000000000400000       4 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 python2.7
0000000000600000       4 r---- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 python2.7
0000000000601000       4 rw--- 0000000000001000 0fd:00001 python2.7
0000000001065000    3688 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007f49297ce000       8 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 grpmodule.so
00007f49297d0000    2044 ----- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 grpmodule.so
00007f49299cf000       4 r---- 0000000000001000 0fd:00001 grpmodule.so
00007f49299d0000       4 rw--- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 grpmodule.so
00007f49299d1000      72 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 cPickle.so
00007f49299e3000    2048 ----- 0000000000012000 0fd:00001 cPickle.so
00007f4929be3000       4 r---- 0000000000012000 0fd:00001 cPickle.so
00007f4929be4000       4 rw--- 0000000000013000 0fd:00001 cPickle.so
00007f4929be5000      32 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 _ssl.so
00007f4929bed000    2044 ----- 0000000000008000 0fd:00001 _ssl.so
00007f4929dec000       4 r---- 0000000000007000 0fd:00001 _ssl.so
00007f4929ded000       4 rw--- 0000000000008000 0fd:00001 _ssl.so
00007f4929dee000      12 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 _functoolsmodule.so
00007f4929df1000    2044 ----- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 _functoolsmodule.so
00007f4929ff0000       4 r---- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 _functoolsmodule.so
00007f4929ff1000       4 rw--- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 _functoolsmodule.so
00007f4929ff2000      60 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 _socketmodule.so
00007f492a001000    2044 ----- 000000000000f000 0fd:00001 _socketmodule.so
00007f492a200000       4 r---- 000000000000e000 0fd:00001 _socketmodule.so
00007f492a201000      20 rw--- 000000000000f000 0fd:00001 _socketmodule.so
00007f492a206000     260 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007f492a247000      16 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 cStringIO.so
00007f492a24b000    2044 ----- 0000000000004000 0fd:00001 cStringIO.so
00007f492a44a000       4 r---- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 cStringIO.so
00007f492a44b000       8 rw--- 0000000000004000 0fd:00001 cStringIO.so
00007f492a44d000      28 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 _struct.so
00007f492a454000    2044 ----- 0000000000007000 0fd:00001 _struct.so
00007f492a653000       4 r---- 0000000000006000 0fd:00001 _struct.so
00007f492a654000       8 rw--- 0000000000007000 0fd:00001 _struct.so
00007f492a656000      12 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 fcntlmodule.so
00007f492a659000    2044 ----- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 fcntlmodule.so
00007f492a858000       4 r---- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 fcntlmodule.so
00007f492a859000       4 rw--- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 fcntlmodule.so
00007f492a85a000      20 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 selectmodule.so
00007f492a85f000    2044 ----- 0000000000005000 0fd:00001 selectmodule.so
00007f492aa5e000       4 r---- 0000000000004000 0fd:00001 selectmodule.so
00007f492aa5f000       8 rw--- 0000000000005000 0fd:00001 selectmodule.so
00007f492aa61000      12 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 _randommodule.so
00007f492aa64000    2044 ----- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 _randommodule.so
00007f492ac63000       4 r---- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 _randommodule.so
00007f492ac64000       4 rw--- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 _randommodule.so
00007f492ac65000     144 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 liblzma.so.5.0.99
00007f492ac89000    2044 ----- 0000000000024000 0fd:00001 liblzma.so.5.0.99
00007f492ae88000       4 r---- 0000000000023000 0fd:00001 liblzma.so.5.0.99
00007f492ae89000       4 rw--- 0000000000024000 0fd:00001 liblzma.so.5.0.99
00007f492ae8a000     380 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libpcre.so.1.2.0
00007f492aee9000    2048 ----- 000000000005f000 0fd:00001 libpcre.so.1.2.0
00007f492b0e9000       4 r---- 000000000005f000 0fd:00001 libpcre.so.1.2.0
00007f492b0ea000       4 rw--- 0000000000060000 0fd:00001 libpcre.so.1.2.0
00007f492b0eb000     132 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libselinux.so.1
00007f492b10c000    2048 ----- 0000000000021000 0fd:00001 libselinux.so.1
00007f492b30c000       4 r---- 0000000000021000 0fd:00001 libselinux.so.1
00007f492b30d000       4 rw--- 0000000000022000 0fd:00001 libselinux.so.1
00007f492b30e000       8 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007f492b310000      88 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libresolv-2.17.so
00007f492b326000    2048 ----- 0000000000016000 0fd:00001 libresolv-2.17.so
00007f492b526000       4 r---- 0000000000016000 0fd:00001 libresolv-2.17.so
00007f492b527000       4 rw--- 0000000000017000 0fd:00001 libresolv-2.17.so
00007f492b528000       8 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007f492b52a000      12 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libkeyutils.so.1.5
00007f492b52d000    2044 ----- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 libkeyutils.so.1.5
00007f492b72c000       4 r---- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 libkeyutils.so.1.5
00007f492b72d000       4 rw--- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 libkeyutils.so.1.5
00007f492b72e000      52 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libkrb5support.so.0.1
00007f492b73b000    2044 ----- 000000000000d000 0fd:00001 libkrb5support.so.0.1
00007f492b93a000       4 r---- 000000000000c000 0fd:00001 libkrb5support.so.0.1
00007f492b93b000       4 rw--- 000000000000d000 0fd:00001 libkrb5support.so.0.1
00007f492b93c000      84 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libz.so.1.2.7
00007f492b951000    2044 ----- 0000000000015000 0fd:00001 libz.so.1.2.7
00007f492bb50000       4 r---- 0000000000014000 0fd:00001 libz.so.1.2.7
00007f492bb51000       4 rw--- 0000000000015000 0fd:00001 libz.so.1.2.7
00007f492bb52000     200 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libk5crypto.so.3.1
00007f492bb84000    2044 ----- 0000000000032000 0fd:00001 libk5crypto.so.3.1
00007f492bd83000       8 r---- 0000000000031000 0fd:00001 libk5crypto.so.3.1
00007f492bd85000       4 rw--- 0000000000033000 0fd:00001 libk5crypto.so.3.1
00007f492bd86000       4 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007f492bd87000      12 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libcom_err.so.2.1
00007f492bd8a000    2044 ----- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 libcom_err.so.2.1
00007f492bf89000       4 r---- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 libcom_err.so.2.1
00007f492bf8a000       4 rw--- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 libcom_err.so.2.1
00007f492bf8b000     832 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libkrb5.so.3.3
00007f492c05b000    2048 ----- 00000000000d0000 0fd:00001 libkrb5.so.3.3
00007f492c25b000      52 r---- 00000000000d0000 0fd:00001 libkrb5.so.3.3
00007f492c268000      12 rw--- 00000000000dd000 0fd:00001 libkrb5.so.3.3
00007f492c26b000     284 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libgssapi_krb5.so.2.2
00007f492c2b2000    2048 ----- 0000000000047000 0fd:00001 libgssapi_krb5.so.2.2
00007f492c4b2000       4 r---- 0000000000047000 0fd:00001 libgssapi_krb5.so.2.2
00007f492c4b3000       8 rw--- 0000000000048000 0fd:00001 libgssapi_krb5.so.2.2
00007f492c4b5000    1772 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libcrypto.so.1.0.1e
00007f492c670000    2048 ----- 00000000001bb000 0fd:00001 libcrypto.so.1.0.1e
00007f492c870000     104 r---- 00000000001bb000 0fd:00001 libcrypto.so.1.0.1e
00007f492c88a000      48 rw--- 00000000001d5000 0fd:00001 libcrypto.so.1.0.1e
00007f492c896000      16 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007f492c89a000     392 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libssl.so.1.0.1e
00007f492c8fc000    2044 ----- 0000000000062000 0fd:00001 libssl.so.1.0.1e
00007f492cafb000      16 r---- 0000000000061000 0fd:00001 libssl.so.1.0.1e
00007f492caff000      28 rw--- 0000000000065000 0fd:00001 libssl.so.1.0.1e
00007f492cb06000      12 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 _hashlib.so
00007f492cb09000    2044 ----- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 _hashlib.so
00007f492cd08000       4 r---- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 _hashlib.so
00007f492cd09000       4 rw--- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 _hashlib.so
00007f492cd0a000      20 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 binascii.so
00007f492cd0f000    2044 ----- 0000000000005000 0fd:00001 binascii.so
00007f492cf0e000       4 r---- 0000000000004000 0fd:00001 binascii.so
00007f492cf0f000       4 rw--- 0000000000005000 0fd:00001 binascii.so
00007f492cf10000      28 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 math.so
00007f492cf17000    2044 ----- 0000000000007000 0fd:00001 math.so
00007f492d116000       4 r---- 0000000000006000 0fd:00001 math.so
00007f492d117000       8 rw--- 0000000000007000 0fd:00001 math.so
00007f492d119000      16 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 timemodule.so
00007f492d11d000    2044 ----- 0000000000004000 0fd:00001 timemodule.so
00007f492d31c000       4 r---- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 timemodule.so
00007f492d31d000       8 rw--- 0000000000004000 0fd:00001 timemodule.so
00007f492d31f000      12 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 _heapq.so
00007f492d322000    2044 ----- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 _heapq.so
00007f492d521000       4 r---- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 _heapq.so
00007f492d522000       8 rw--- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 _heapq.so
00007f492d524000      40 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 itertoolsmodule.so
00007f492d52e000    2044 ----- 000000000000a000 0fd:00001 itertoolsmodule.so
00007f492d72d000       4 r---- 0000000000009000 0fd:00001 itertoolsmodule.so
00007f492d72e000      20 rw--- 000000000000a000 0fd:00001 itertoolsmodule.so
00007f492d733000      32 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 operator.so
00007f492d73b000    2048 ----- 0000000000008000 0fd:00001 operator.so
00007f492d93b000       4 r---- 0000000000008000 0fd:00001 operator.so
00007f492d93c000       8 rw--- 0000000000009000 0fd:00001 operator.so
00007f492d93e000      24 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 _collectionsmodule.so
00007f492d944000    2044 ----- 0000000000006000 0fd:00001 _collectionsmodule.so
00007f492db43000       4 r---- 0000000000005000 0fd:00001 _collectionsmodule.so
00007f492db44000       8 rw--- 0000000000006000 0fd:00001 _collectionsmodule.so
00007f492db46000  103580 r---- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 locale-archive
00007f493406d000    1752 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libc-2.17.so
00007f4934223000    2048 ----- 00000000001b6000 0fd:00001 libc-2.17.so
00007f4934423000      16 r---- 00000000001b6000 0fd:00001 libc-2.17.so
00007f4934427000       8 rw--- 00000000001ba000 0fd:00001 libc-2.17.so
00007f4934429000      20 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007f493442e000    1028 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libm-2.17.so
00007f493452f000    2044 ----- 0000000000101000 0fd:00001 libm-2.17.so
00007f493472e000       4 r---- 0000000000100000 0fd:00001 libm-2.17.so
00007f493472f000       4 rw--- 0000000000101000 0fd:00001 libm-2.17.so
00007f4934730000       8 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libutil-2.17.so
00007f4934732000    2044 ----- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 libutil-2.17.so
00007f4934931000       4 r---- 0000000000001000 0fd:00001 libutil-2.17.so
00007f4934932000       4 rw--- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 libutil-2.17.so
00007f4934933000      12 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libdl-2.17.so
00007f4934936000    2044 ----- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 libdl-2.17.so
00007f4934b35000       4 r---- 0000000000002000 0fd:00001 libdl-2.17.so
00007f4934b36000       4 rw--- 0000000000003000 0fd:00001 libdl-2.17.so
00007f4934b37000      88 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libpthread-2.17.so
00007f4934b4d000    2048 ----- 0000000000016000 0fd:00001 libpthread-2.17.so
00007f4934d4d000       4 r---- 0000000000016000 0fd:00001 libpthread-2.17.so
00007f4934d4e000       4 rw--- 0000000000017000 0fd:00001 libpthread-2.17.so
00007f4934d4f000      16 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007f4934d53000    1504 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 libpython2.7.so.1.0
00007f4934ecb000    2048 ----- 0000000000178000 0fd:00001 libpython2.7.so.1.0
00007f49350cb000       4 r---- 0000000000178000 0fd:00001 libpython2.7.so.1.0
00007f49350cc000     248 rw--- 0000000000179000 0fd:00001 libpython2.7.so.1.0
00007f493510a000      60 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007f4935119000     132 r-x-- 0000000000000000 0fd:00001 ld-2.17.so
00007f4935168000    1776 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007f4935337000       8 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007f4935339000       4 r---- 0000000000020000 0fd:00001 ld-2.17.so
00007f493533a000       4 rw--- 0000000000021000 0fd:00001 ld-2.17.so
00007f493533b000       4 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
00007fff931c2000     132 rw--- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ stack ]
00007fff931fe000       8 r-x-- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
ffffffffff600000       4 r-x-- 0000000000000000 000:00000   [ anon ]
mapped: 195512K    writeable/private: 6548K    shared: 0K
[root@localhost opt]# 
[root@localhost opt]# ^C
[root@localhost opt]# cat /proc/25798/stat | awk '{print $23 / 1024}'
195512
[root@localhost opt]# cat /proc/25798/status | grep -i vmsize
VmSize:   195512 kB

其中6548K表示實際使用的內存，195512K表示虛擬內存，這個比ps中的內存看得準確，由於多個進程使用同一動態連接庫。