權限管理,通常指根據系統設置的安全規則或者安全策略,用戶能夠訪問並且只能訪問本身被受權的資源,很少很多。權限管理幾乎出如今任何系統裏面,只要有用戶和密碼的系統。權限管理仍是比較複雜的,有的固定到某個模塊,某個操做,甚至是某個按鈕,總之想要作好一個權限管理,真的很不容易,一直在探索當中,全當拋磚引玉;看到網上好多關於權限管理的文章,之前也寫過簡單的文章,今天樓主我也要總結整理一下本身的實現方法,畢竟一千個讀者就有一千個哈姆雷特,說說本身的詳細實現、基本設計和基本思想但願幫到入門的新人們。sql
1、基本的數據庫表設計數據庫
基本的表設計如圖,用戶表、角色表、模塊表、權限表和用戶角色關係表、角色模塊權限關係表,某個用戶的角色(管理員、用戶等),而後再去判斷對應角色的模塊(新聞、文章等)權限(增、刪、改、查)。安全
建立基本權限操做的SQL腳本:cookie
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Module]( [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, [ModuleKey] [nvarchar](100) NOT NULL, [ModuleName] [nvarchar](100) NOT NULL, ) CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Permission]( [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, [PermissionKey] [nvarchar](100) NOT NULL, [PermissionName] [nvarchar](100) NOT NULL, ) CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Role]( [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, [RoleName] [nvarchar](100) NOT NULL, ) CREATE TABLE [dbo].[RoleModulePermission]( [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, [RoleID] [int] NOT NULL, [ModuleID] [int] NOT NULL, [PermissionID] [int] NOT NULL, ) CREATE TABLE [dbo].[User]( [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, [AccountNum] [nvarchar](100) NOT NULL, [Pwd] [nvarchar](100) NOT NULL, [Status] [int] NOT NULL, [LastLoginTime] [datetime] NOT NULL, [Remark] [nvarchar](100) NULL, ) CREATE TABLE [dbo].[UserRole]( [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, [UserID] [int] NOT NULL, [RoleID] [int] NOT NULL, )
2、代碼中具體的實現ide
這是一個基類,全部的Controller都繼承BaseController,[UserAuthorizeFilter(Order = 999)],每個Action過濾器都有一個 Order 屬性,用來決定Action過濾器在該範圍內的執行順序。Order屬性必需是0(默認值)或者更大的整數值。省略Order屬性則會給該過濾器的Order值爲 -1, 代表爲指明順序。任何一個在同一範圍的Action過濾器Order設爲 -1 的都將按不肯定的順序執行,單在此以前過濾器有一個特定的順序。登陸的時候是存儲的加密的Cookie,會有一個私鑰(本身定義)。加密
[UserAuthorizeFilter(Order = 999)] public class BaseController : Controller { public int LoginID { get; set; } public string LoginName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 是否登陸的標誌 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> public bool IsLogin() { if (NCookieUtil.GetCookie("GkqCMSCookie") != null) { string cookie_ver = NCookieUtil.GetCookie("GkqCMSCookie"); string[] cookieArray = cookie_ver.Split('&'); int loginId = cookieArray[1].ToInt(); string token = cookieArray[0].ObjectToString(); Admin_User user = AdminPermissionRepository.Get(loginId); if (user != null) { string tokenKey = string.Format("{0}{1}{2}{3}", user.ID.ObjectToString(), user.AccountNum.ObjectToString(), user.Pwd.ObjectToString(), CommonHelper.SecretSalt); if (token == tokenKey) { LoginID = user.ID; LoginName = user.AccountNum; return true; } return false; } return false; } else { return false; } } }
Filter裏面判斷用戶是否登陸cb.IsLogin(),若是登錄驗證經過還要驗證是否對某個某個Controller對應的Action有操做權限。若是未登陸或者發成錯誤底層會捕獲,跳轉到登錄頁面或者是錯誤頁。spa
public class UserAuthorizeFilter : System.Web.Mvc.AuthorizeAttribute { public override void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext) { BaseController cb = filterContext.Controller as BaseController; if (!cb.IsLogin()) { SetHttpContext(filterContext, GkmBBS.DataCenter.GlobalEnumHelper.EnumJsonResult.NotLogin, "未登陸"); } else { bool IsAuthorization = filterContext.Controller.TempData["IsAuthorization"].ToBoolean(true); if (IsAuthorization) { string controller = filterContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ObjectToString(); string action = filterContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ObjectToString(); if (!AdminPermissionRepository.IsPowerPage(cb.LoginID,controller, action)) { SetHttpContext(filterContext, GkmBBS.DataCenter.GlobalEnumHelper.EnumJsonResult.NoAccess, "您沒有權限執行此操做"); } } } } private void SetHttpContext(AuthorizationContext filterContext, GkmBBS.DataCenter.GlobalEnumHelper.EnumJsonResult result, string msg) { if (filterContext.HttpContext.Request.IsAjaxRequest()) { var data = new { Result = (int)result, Msg = msg }; filterContext.Result = new JsonpResult() { Data = data, JsonRequestBehavior = JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet }; } else { if (result == GkmBBS.DataCenter.GlobalEnumHelper.EnumJsonResult.NotLogin) { filterContext.Result = new RedirectResult(string.Format("/Login/Index?ReturnUrl={0}", filterContext.HttpContext.Request.Url.OriginalString)); } else { filterContext.Controller.ViewData["ErrorMessage"] = msg; filterContext.Result = new ViewResult() { ViewName = "Error", ViewData = filterContext.Controller.ViewData }; } } } }
用戶的ID判斷角色,而後把角色去查是否有這個權限,若是有進入,對應的controller 和action,若是沒有則沒權限。具體實現方法以下:設計
public static bool IsPowerPage(int loginID, string Moudle, string operate) { try { string sql = string.Format(@"SELECT COUNT(1) FROM ( SELECT c.modulekey, d.permissionkey FROM ( SELECT * FROM Admin_userrole WHERE userid = {0} ) a LEFT JOIN Admin_RoleModulePermission b ON a.roleId = b.roleId LEFT JOIN Admin_Module c ON b.moduleId = c.Id LEFT JOIN Admin_Permission d ON b.PermissionId = d.Id ) e WHERE e.moduleKey = '{1}' AND e.PermissionKey = '{2}'", loginID, Moudle, operate); return NSqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(NWebConfig.ReadConnectionString(DBCon.SYS_DBCONNSTRING), CommandType.Text, sql, null).ToInt() > 0; } catch (Exception ex) { log.Error("AdminPermissionRepository-IsPowerPage", ex); return false; } }
用戶登陸成功寫入Cookie,而後瀏覽每一個模塊判斷登陸和具體某個模塊的權限, 這算是一個最基本簡單權限管理,適合新手入門用,大牛們覺的不合適的地方,或者更好的方法多多指導! 3d