Python Django前奏手擼web框架基於wsgiref的web框架

時間 2019-11-30

標籤 python django 前奏 web 框架基於 wsgiref 欄目 Python 简体版

原文原文鏈接

基於socke手擼web框架css

# 請求首行
b'GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n  #GET /index HTTP/1.1\r\n  (index)爲瀏覽器請求地址）
# 請求頭
Host: 127.0.0.1:8080\r\n
Connection: keep-alive\r\n
Cache-Control: max-age=0\r\n
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1\r\n
# User-Agent用來標識是否是瀏覽器
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/76.0.3809.132 Safari/537.36\r\n
Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate\r\n
Sec-Fetch-User: ?1\r\n
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3\r\n
Sec-Fetch-Site: none\r\n
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br\r\n
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9\r\n
\r\n
請求體

import socket
server = socket.socket()
server.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080))
server.listen(5)

while True:
    conn, addr = server.accept()
    data = conn.recv(1024)
    conn.send(b'HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n')
    print(data)
    data = data.decode('utf-8')
    current_path = data.split('\r\n')[0].split(' ')[1]
    # print(current_path)
    if current_path == '/index':
        # conn.send(b'index')
        with open(r'D:\python脫產10期視頻\day51\01 純手擼html文件.html','rb') as f:
            conn.send(f.read())
    elif current_path == '/login':
        conn.send(b'login')
    else:
        conn.send(b'hello world!')
    conn.close()

手擼版web框架

字符山與二進制字符串轉換技巧html

data = b'hello world'

data = str(data,encoding='utf-8')
print(data)

data = bytes(data,encoding='utf-8')
print(data)

字符山與二進制字符串轉換技巧

基於wsgiref（主要是方便先後端交互的軟件）和jinja2(模板渲染)手擼web框架前端

from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
from 代碼.urls import urls
from 代碼.views import *

def run(env,response):
    """
    env是請求相關的數據
    response是響應相關的數據
    """
    # print(env)
    response('200 OK',[])
    current_path = env.get('PATH_INFO')
    # print(current_path)
    # if current_path == '/index':
    #     return [b'index']
    # elif current_path == '/login':
    #     return [b'login']
    # 定義一個存儲函數名的標誌位
    func = None
    for url in urls:
        # 判斷當前url在不在元組內
        if url[0] == current_path:
            # 只要匹配上了  就把url後綴對應的函數名賦值給func
            func = url[1]
            # 一旦匹配上 應該馬上退出for循環 節省資源
            break
    # 對變量func作判斷
    if func:
        res = func(env)
    else:
        res = errors(env)
    return [res.encode('utf-8')]


if __name__ == '__main__':
    server = make_server('127.0.0.1',8080,run)
    # 實時監測127.0.0.1:8080地址 一旦有客戶端來鏈接 會自動加括號調用run方法
    server.serve_forever()  # 啓動服務端

View Code

代碼/url.pypython

from 代碼.views import *

urls = [
    ('/index',index),
    ('/login',login),
    ('/reg',reg),
    ('/get_time',get_time),
    ('/get_user',get_user),
    ('/get_db',get_db),
]

View Code

代碼/views.pymysql

def index(env):
    return 'index'
def login(env):
    return 'login'
def errors(env):
    return '404 error'

def reg(env):
    return 'reg'

from datetime import datetime


def get_time(env):
    # 藉助於時間模塊 如今後端獲取到時間數據
    current_time = datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %X')
    with open(r'templates/02 get_time.html','r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        data = f.read()  # data其實就是一串字符串  僅此而已!!!
    data = data.replace('$$time$$',current_time)
    return data



from jinja2 import Template
def get_user(env):
    user_dict = {'username':'jason','password':'123','hobby':['read','game','running']}
    with open(r'templates/03 get_user.html','r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        data = f.read()
    temp = Template(data) # data爲html讀出來的全部字符串
    res =  temp.render(data = user_dict)  # 將user_dict傳遞給前端頁面 前端頁面經過變量名data（html頁面中的{{data}}）就可以獲取到該字典
    return res

import pymysql
def get_db(env):
    conn = pymysql.connect(
        host = '127.0.0.1',
        port = 3306,
        user = 'root',
        password = '123',
        database = 'day51',
        charset = 'utf8',
        autocommit = True
    )
    cursor = conn.cursor(pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
    sql = "select * from userinfo"
    affect_rows = cursor.execute(sql)
    data = cursor.fetchall()
    # print(data)
    with open(r'templates/04 get_db.html','r',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        data1 = f.read()
    temp = Template(data1)
    res = temp.render(user_list= data)
    return res

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templatesjquery

#01 純手擼html文件
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>要放假了 好嗨皮</h1>
</body>
</html>

#02 get_time.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
$$time$$
</body>
</html>

# 03 get_user.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<p>{{data}}</p>
<p>{{data['username']}}</p>
<p>{{data.password}}</p>
<p>{{data.get('hobby')}}</p>
</body>
</html>

# 04 get_db.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/twitter-bootstrap/3.4.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/twitter-bootstrap/3.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">

    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2">
            <h2 class="text-center">用戶數據展現</h2>
            <table class="table table-hover table-bordered table-striped">
                <thead>
                    <tr>
                        <th>id</th>
                        <th>username</th>
                        <th>password</th>
                    </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                    {%for user_dict in user_list%}
                        <tr>
                            <td>{{user_dict.id}}</td>
                            <td>{{user_dict.name}}</td>
                            <td>{{user_dict.password}}</td>
                        </tr>
                    {%endfor%}
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>

    </div>
</div>
</body>

html文件

模板渲染web

　　1.模板語法：前端可使用後端語言的語法，來操做後端傳過來的數據sql

靜態網頁
　　數據是寫死的,萬年不變
動態網頁
　　數據不是寫死的是動態獲取到的
好比:
1.後端實時獲取當前時間"傳遞"給前端頁面展現
2.後端從數據庫獲取數據"傳遞"給前端頁面展現數據庫

頁面渲染：後端把數據傳給前端的過程，並把前端改爲本身想要的樣式。bootstrap

總結：

.純手擼web框架
    1.手動書寫socket代碼
    2.手動處理http數據

2.基於wsgiref模塊幫助咱們處理scoket以及http數據
    wsgiref模塊
        1.請求來的時候 解析http數據 幫你打包成一個字典傳輸給你 便於你操做各項數據
        2.響應走的時候 自動幫你把數據再打包成符合http協議格式的樣子 再返回給前端
        
3.封裝路由與視圖函數對應關係  以及視圖函數文件   網站用到的全部的html文件所有放在了templates文件夾下
    1.urls.py 路由與視圖函數對應關係
    2.views.py  視圖函數(視圖函數不僅僅指函數 也能夠是類)
    3.templates  模板文件夾

4.基於jinja2實現模板的渲染
    模板的渲染
        後端生成好數據 經過某種方式傳遞給前端頁面使用(前端頁面能夠基於模板語法更加快捷簡便使用後端傳過來的數據)

View Code