一、新建shell腳本
vim /shell_jiaoben/mysqlBackup.sh
#!/bin/bash
# 如下配置信息請本身修改
mysql_user="root" #MySQL備份用戶
mysql_password="123456" #MySQL備份用戶的密碼
mysql_host="192.168.163.12"
mysql_port="3306"
mysql_charset="utf8" #MySQL編碼
backup_db_arr=("test") #要備份的數據庫名稱，多個用空格分開隔開 如("db1" "db2" "db3")
backup_location=/opt/data/mysql #備份數據存放位置，末尾請不要帶"/",此項能夠保持默認，程序會自動建立文件夾
expire_backup_delete="ON" #是否開啓過時備份刪除 ON爲開啓 OFF爲關閉
expire_days=3 #過時時間天數 默認爲三天，此項只有在expire_backup_delete開啓時有效
# 本行開始如下不須要修改
backup_time=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M` #定義備份詳細時間
backup_Ymd=`date +%Y-%m-%d` #定義備份目錄中的年月日時間
backup_3ago=`date -d '3 days ago' +%Y-%m-%d` #3天以前的日期
backup_dir=$backup_location/$backup_Ymd #備份文件夾全路徑
welcome_msg="Welcome to use MySQL backup tools!" #歡迎語
# 判斷MYSQL是否啓動,mysql沒有啓動則備份退出
mysql_ps=`ps -ef |grep mysql |wc -l`
mysql_listen=`netstat -an |grep LISTEN |grep $mysql_port|wc -l`
if [ [$mysql_ps == 1] -o [$mysql_listen == 0] ]; then
echo "ERROR:MySQL is not running! backup stop!"
exit
else
echo $welcome_msg
fi
# 鏈接到mysql數據庫，沒法鏈接則備份退出
/opt/mysql/bin/mysql -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password <<end
use mysql;
select host,user from user where user='root' and host='localhost';
exit
end
flag=`echo $?`
if [ $flag != "0" ]; then
echo "ERROR:Can't connect mysql server! backup stop!"
exit
else
echo "MySQL connect ok! Please wait......"
# 判斷有沒有定義備份的數據庫，若是定義則開始備份，不然退出備份
if [ "$backup_db_arr" != "" ];then
#dbnames=$(cut -d ',' -f1-5 $backup_database)
#echo "arr is (${backup_db_arr[@]})"
for dbname in ${backup_db_arr[@]}
do
echo "database $dbname backup start..."
`mkdir -p $backup_dir`
`/opt/mysql/bin/mysqldump -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password $dbname --default-character-set=$mysql_charset --master-data=1 | gzip > $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz`
flag=`echo $?`
if [ $flag == "0" ];then
echo "database $dbname success backup to $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz"
else
echo "database $dbname backup fail!"
fi
done
else
echo "ERROR:No database to backup! backup stop"
exit
fi
# 若是開啓了刪除過時備份，則進行刪除操做
if [ "$expire_backup_delete" == "ON" -a "$backup_location" != "" ];then
#`find $backup_location/ -type d -o -type f -ctime +$expire_days -exec rm -rf {} \;`
`find $backup_location/ -type d -mtime +$expire_days | xargs rm -rf`
echo "Expired backup data delete complete!"
fi
echo "All database backup success! Thank you!"
exit
fi
二、修改shell腳本屬性，賦予執行權限
chmod 600 /shell_jiaoben/mysqlBackup.sh chmod +x /shell_jiaoben/mysqlBackup.sh
三、定時執行腳本
#######2019-04-11 數據庫備份############# 5 0 * * * /shell_jiaoben/mysqlBackup.sh
四、MySQL恢復
mysql -uroot -p databse < backup.sql
在腳本中加了參數mysqldump --master-data=2 --single-transaction mysql
mysql數據庫中-e是什麼意思？-e參數使用詳解
能夠用shell腳本操做mysql數據庫，使用mysql的-e參數能夠執行各類sql的(建立，刪除，增，刪，改、查)等各類操做 。linux
用法sql
mysql -hhostname -Pport -uusername -ppassword -e 相關mysql的sql語句，不用在mysql的提示符下運行mysql，便可以在shell中操做mysql的方法。shell
#!/bin/bash
HOSTNAME="192.168.111.84" #數據庫信息
PORT="3306"
USERNAME="root"
PASSWORD=""
DBNAME="test_db_test" #數據庫名稱
TABLENAME="test_table_test" #數據庫中表的名稱
#建立數據庫
create_db_sql="create database IF NOT EXISTS ${DBNAME}"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} -e"${create_db_sql}"
#建立表
create_table_sql="create table IF NOT EXISTS ${TABLENAME} ( name varchar(20), id int(11) default 0 )"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${create_table_sql}"
#插入數據
insert_sql="insert into ${TABLENAME} values('billchen',2)"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${insert_sql}"
#查詢
select_sql="select * from ${TABLENAME}"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${select_sql}"
#更新數據
update_sql="update ${TABLENAME} set id=3"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${update_sql}"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${select_sql}"
#刪除數據
delete_sql="delete from ${TABLENAME}"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${delete_sql}"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${select_sql}"
mysql -e中 v的做用數據庫
用 mysql -e 生成結果導入指定文件時：vim
● 若要同時顯示語句自己：-vbash
● 若要增長查詢結果行數：-vvoracle
● 若要增長執行時間：-vvv測試
在一些監控腳本中能夠用來簡化代碼編碼
㈠ 不帶 v 測試： [mysql@even ~]$ mysql -uroot -poracle -e "SELECT VERSION();SELECT NOW()" > /home/mysql/test.sql [mysql@even ~]$ cat /home/mysql/test.sql VERSION() 5.5.16-log NOW() 2013-05-08 18:06:35 ㈡ 帶一個 v 測試： [mysql@even ~]$ mysql -uroot -poracle -e "SELECT VERSION();SELECT NOW()" -v > /home/mysql/test02.sql [mysql@even ~]$ cat /home/mysql/test02.sql -------------- SELECT VERSION() -------------- VERSION() 5.5.16-log -------------- SELECT NOW() -------------- NOW() 2013-05-08 18:08:40 ㈢ 帶兩個 v 測試： [mysql@even ~]$ mysql -uroot -poracle -e "SELECT VERSION();SELECT NOW()" -vv > /home/mysql/test03.sql [mysql@even ~]$ cat /home/mysql/test03.sql -------------- SELECT VERSION() -------------- VERSION() 5.5.16-log 1 row in set -------------- SELECT NOW() -------------- NOW() 2013-05-08 18:14:05 1 row in set Bye ㈢ 帶三個 v 測試： [mysql@even ~]$ mysql -uroot -poracle -e "SELECT VERSION();SELECT NOW()" -vvv > /home/mysql/test04.sql [mysql@even ~]$ cat /home/mysql/test04.sql -------------- SELECT VERSION() -------------- +------------+ | VERSION() | +------------+ | 5.5.16-log | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) -------------- SELECT NOW() -------------- +---------------------+ | NOW() | +---------------------+ | 2013-05-08 18:14:49 | +---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) Bye
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