nmap主機發現

上節課咱們已經介紹了nmap的安裝使用方法,這節課咱們來看下如何使用nmap

1. ping 掃描
   

   選項參數 -sP  

   能夠顯示出在線主機,而後回顯作出相應的主機.

   優勢: 使用ping掃描,能夠輕易的獲取目標信息而不會被輕易發現.也不會返回太多的信息形成對分析的干擾.
   

 [root@xinsz08 ~]# nmap -sP 192.168.1.102/24

Starting Nmap 7.60 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2017-10-11 12:37 CST
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.1
Host is up (0.011s latency).
MAC Address: 1C:60:DE:BE:D6:38 (Shenzhen Mercury Communication Technologies)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.104      #發現存活主機104
Host is up (0.00010s latency).                 #肯定當前主機是存活的
MAC Address: 7A:20:0B:97:C8:FC (Unknown)    #主機的MAC地址
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.105
Host is up (0.000082s latency).
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:23:88:15 (VMware)
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.102
Host is up.
Nmap done: 256 IP addresses (4 hosts up) scanned in 2.10 seconds

2.無ping掃描

若是對方開啓了防火牆,有時候咱們須要在防火牆禁止ping的狀況下,肯定正在運行的主機

參數選項:

-P0   能夠穿透防火牆,也儘量的避免被防火牆發現

注意: 第二個不是字母,而是數字0

[root@xinsz08 ~]# nmap -P0 192.168.1.104

Starting Nmap 7.60 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2017-10-11 12:48 CST
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.104
Host is up (0.00021s latency).
Not shown: 991 closed ports
PORT     STATE SERVICE
135/tcp  open  msrpc
139/tcp  open  netbios-ssn
443/tcp  open  https
445/tcp  open  microsoft-ds
902/tcp  open  iss-realsecure
912/tcp  open  apex-mesh
2869/tcp open  icslap
3306/tcp open  mysql
5357/tcp open  wsdapi
MAC Address: 7A:20:0B:97:C8:FC (Unknown)

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 1.45 seconds

通常狀況下咱們也會指定nmap協議, 若是不指定 nmap默認使用協議1,2,4

關於nmap的協議以下:

1. TCP :對應協議編號爲6

2. ICMP:對應協議編號爲1

3. IGMP:對應協議編號爲2

4. UDP:對應協議編號爲17

因此咱們能夠指定協議向目標主機發包肯定目標主機是否在線

[root@xinsz08 ~]# nmap -P06,17,2  baidu.com
Starting Nmap 7.60 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2017-10-11 12:56 CST
Nmap scan report for baidu.com (111.13.101.208)
Host is up (0.030s latency).
Other addresses for baidu.com (not scanned): 220.181.57.217 123.125.114.144
Not shown: 998 filtered ports
PORT    STATE SERVICE
80/tcp  open  http
443/tcp open  https

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 4.60 seconds

3.路由跟蹤

使用--traceroute 進行路由跟蹤,經過這個選項能夠輕鬆的查出從本地計算機到目標主機之間所通過的網絡節點.

[root@xinsz08 ~]# nmap --traceroute -v www.baidu.com

Starting Nmap 7.60 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2017-10-11 14:03 CST
Initiating Ping Scan at 14:03
Scanning www.baidu.com (119.75.216.20) [4 ports]

#此處解析出百度服務器地址

Completed Ping Scan at 14:03, 0.05s elapsed (1 total hosts)
(省略部分文字)
Nmap scan report for www.baidu.com (119.75.216.20)
Host is up (0.0092s latency).
Other addresses for www.baidu.com (not scanned): 119.75.213.61
Not shown: 998 filtered ports
PORT    STATE SERVICE
80/tcp  open  http
443/tcp open  https

TRACEROUTE (using port 80/tcp) 

#通過百度服務器80端口

HOP RTT     ADDRESS
1   1.92 ms 192.168.1.1
2   3.42 ms 100.83.48.1
3   6.30 ms 10.128.130.36
4   6.12 ms 10.128.130.41
5   4.80 ms 10.11.68.1
6   8.60 ms 103.216.40.11
7   ... 9
10  5.29 ms 119.75.216.20

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 7.29 seconds
           Raw packets sent: 2021 (88.900KB) | Rcvd: 13 (660B)

總結: nmap對於主機存活發現的方法還有不少,在這裏咱們列舉了三個,在平常工做中使用任意一個便可.