Android Flutter混合開發問題總結

時間 2019-12-01

標籤 android flutter 混合開發問題總結欄目 Android 简体版

原文原文鏈接

最近一直在探索android flutter的混合開發，一路遇到了不少的坑，接下來便將這些記錄下來，但願能幫助到你們的開發。html

Android Flutter混合開發問題總結
 Android Flutter混合開發問題總結(二)java

flutter經常使用指令

flutter help create
flutter建立項目的指令。咱們能夠指定建立module仍是project，能夠指定語言，如java、kotlin，同時能夠指定是否生成androidx項目。android

-h, --help                     Print this usage information.
      --[no-]pub                 Whether to run "flutter pub get" after the project has been created.
                                 (defaults to on)
  
      --[no-]offline             When "flutter pub get" is run by the create command, this indicates whether to run it in offline mode or not. In offline mode, it will need to have all dependencies already available in the pub cache to succeed.
      --[no-]with-driver-test    Also add a flutter_driver dependency and generate a sample 'flutter drive' test.
  -t, --template=<type>          Specify the type of project to create.
  
            [app]                (default) Generate a Flutter application.
            [package]            Generate a shareable Flutter project containing modular Dart code.
            [plugin]             Generate a shareable Flutter project containing an API in Dart code with a platform-specific implementation for Android, for iOS code, or for both.
  
  -s, --sample=<id>              Specifies the Flutter code sample to use as the main.dart for an application. Implies --template=app. The value should be the sample ID of the desired sample from the API documentation website (http://docs.flutter.dev). An example can
                                 be found at https://master-api.flutter.dev/flutter/widgets/SingleChildScrollView-class.html
  
      --list-samples=<path>      Specifies a JSON output file for a listing of Flutter code samples that can created with --sample.
      --[no-]overwrite           When performing operations, overwrite existing files.
      --description              The description to use for your new Flutter project. This string ends up in the pubspec.yaml file.
                                 (defaults to "A new Flutter project.")
  
      --org                      The organization responsible for your new Flutter project, in reverse domain name notation. This string is used in Java package names and as prefix in the iOS bundle identifier.
                                 (defaults to "com.example")
  
      --project-name             The project name for this new Flutter project. This must be a valid dart package name.
  -i, --ios-language             [objc, swift (default)]
  -a, --android-language         [java, kotlin (default)]
      --[no-]androidx            Generate a project using the AndroidX support libraries
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flutter channelios

查看當前flutter分支web

Flutter channels:
  beta
  dev
  master
* stable
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flutter doctor

診斷當前flutter配置是否有問題shell

flutter doctor

診斷當前flutter配置是否有問題json

flutter version --force 1.0.0

切換到指定flutter版本swift

flutter clean

clean當前工程api

flutter run

運行當前工程bash

flutter analyze

分析當前項目dart代碼

flutter assemble

構建資源

flutter attach

attach當前項目，一般用於調試

flutter bash-completion

Output command line shell completion setup scripts.

flutter build

編譯flutter項目

flutter config

配置flutter設置

flutter devices

查看設備列表

flutter drive

爲當前項目運行驅動測試

flutter emulators

查看模擬器列表以及運行

flutter format

格式化dart代碼

flutter install

安裝flutter項目

flutter logs

查看運行日誌

flutter screenshot

對設備進行截圖

flutter test

運行flutter單元測試

flutter upgrade

更新flutter 版本

flutter version

查看flutter 版本

flutter常見問題的解決

flutter工程沒法進行依賴

能夠查看一下.android/Flutter/build.gradle的buildTypes中是否包含app的build.gradle中所需的buildTypes

缺乏libflutter.so

flutter項目默認支持的是armeabi-v7a,因此須要在app的gradle中加入以下配置：

ndk {
        abiFilters "armeabi-v7a"
    }  
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若是仍是提示這個錯誤，則須要在gradle.properties中華加入以下配置：

target-platform=android-arm
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編譯apk成功，可是運行flutter失敗,例如：VM snapshot must be valid. /Check failed: vm. Must be able to initialize the VM.

能夠嘗試flutter clean, 而後flutter run一下項目，再去運行主工程

flutter混淆配置

-keep class io.flutter.app.** {*;}
  -keep class io.flutter.plugin.** {*;}
  -keep class io.flutter.util.** {*;}
  -keep class io.flutter.view.** {*;}
  -keep class io.flutter.** {*;}
  -keep class io.flutter.plugins.** {*;}
  -dontwarn io.flutter.**
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跳轉flutter所在activity黑屏

val flutterView = Flutter.createView(this, lifecycle, Gson().toJson(map))
  val layout = findViewById<FrameLayout>(R.id.flutter_container)
  layout.visibility = View.INVISIBLE
  layout.addView(flutterView)
  val listeners = arrayOfNulls<FlutterView.FirstFrameListener>(1)
  listeners[0] = FlutterView.FirstFrameListener {
      layout.visibility = View.VISIBLE
      loadingDialog.dismiss()
  }
  flutterView.addFirstFrameListener(listeners[0])
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或者設置當前主題

flutter的activity進入加載較慢

debug包這種狀況比較明顯，可是release加載很快，能夠仿照一下閒魚，在進入FlutterActivity的時候提供一個加載loading

Activity中加載flutter幾種方式

直接加載flutter的main.dart

GeneratedPluginRegistrant.registerWith便可

public class MainActivity extends FlutterActivity {
  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    GeneratedPluginRegistrant.registerWith(this);
  }
}
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繼承FlutterActivity

class TestFlutterActivity : FlutterActivity() {

    private lateinit var flutterFragment: FlutterFragment

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
//        setContentView(R.layout.activity_flutter_test)
        GeneratedPluginRegistrant.registerWith(this)
    }


    override fun createFlutterView(context: Context?): FlutterView {
        val matchParent = WindowManager.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT)
        val nativeView = this.createFlutterNativeView()
        val flutterView = FlutterView(this, null, nativeView)
        flutterView.setInitialRoute("web_view_page")
        flutterView.layoutParams = matchParent
//        flutterView.enableTransparentBackground()
        val layout = findViewById<FrameLayout>(R.id.flutter_container)
        val listeners = arrayOfNulls<FlutterView.FirstFrameListener>(1)
        listeners[0] = FlutterView.FirstFrameListener {
            layout.visibility = View.VISIBLE
        }
        flutterView.addFirstFrameListener(listeners[0])
        this.addContentView(flutterView, matchParent)
        return flutterView
    }

    override fun onBackPressed() {
        if (flutterView != null) {
            flutterView.popRoute()
        } else {
            super.onBackPressed()
        }
    }
}
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addContentView直接加載FlutterView

class MainFlutterActivity : FlutterFragmentActivity() {

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main_flutter)
        val mFlutterView: View = Flutter.createView(this, lifecycle, "main_flutter")
        val mParams = FrameLayout.LayoutParams(FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT)
        addContentView(mFlutterView, mParams)
    }
}
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經過FlutterFragment

class FlutterActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    private lateinit var flutterFragment: FlutterFragment

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_helper_center)
        flutterFragment = Flutter.createFragment("web_view_page")
        supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.flutter_container, flutterFragment).commitAllowingStateLoss()
    }
}
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Android原生與Flutter間的通訊、傳值

能夠經過flutter_boost，可是目前有適配問題，不支持flutter1.七、1.9

Flutter傳值->Android

有點相似於Eventbus的方式：

flutter.dart中發送事件：

static const platform = const MethodChannel("webview");

  void _finish() {
    platform.invokeMethod("finish");
  }
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android接收並處理：

MethodChannel(flutterView, "webview").setMethodCallHandler { methodCall, result ->
        if(methodCall.method == "finish"){
            finish()
        }
    }
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Android傳值->Flutter

android跳轉flutter的時候能夠經過路由名字直接傳入值。

dart:

import 'dart:ui' as ui;

void main() => runApp(MyApp());

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  static const String HELP_URL =
      'https://xxxx';

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Flutter Demo',
      theme: ThemeData(
        // This is the theme of your application.
        //
        // Try running your application with "flutter run". You'll see the
        // application has a blue toolbar. Then, without quitting the app, try
        // changing the primarySwatch below to Colors.green and then invoke
        // "hot reload" (press "r" in the console where you ran "flutter run",
        // or press Run > Flutter Hot Reload in a Flutter IDE). Notice that the
        // counter didn't reset back to zero; the application is not restarted.
        primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
      ),
      home: _widgetRouter(ui.window.defaultRouteName)
    );
  }
}

Widget _widgetRouter(String json) {
  return RouterManager.getInstance().getPageByRouter(json);
}


class RouterManager {
  static RouterManager mInstance = new RouterManager();

  static RouterManager getInstance() {
    return mInstance;
  }

  /*
    根據傳入的route名  找到對應跳轉的路徑
   */
  StatefulWidget getPageByRouter(String jsonStr) {
    String path = "";
    String param = "";
    if (jsonStr != null && jsonStr.isNotEmpty && jsonStr != "/") {
      var jsonResponse = jsonDecode(jsonStr);
      path = jsonResponse["path"];
      print("==== router === path = $path");
      param = jsonResponse["param"];
      print("==== router === param = $param");
      path = path != null && path.isNotEmpty ? path : RouterPath.HOME_PAGE;
      param = param != null && param.isNotEmpty ? param : "[]";
    }
    Map<String, dynamic> map = json.decode(param);
    Widget widget = _getWidgetPage(path, map);

    if (widget == null) {
      debugPrint('==== 找不到widget =====');
    }
    return widget;
  }

  Widget _getWidgetPage(String path, Map<String, dynamic> map) {
    Widget widget;
    switch (path) {
      case RouterPath.HOME_PAGE:
        widget = MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page');
        break;
      case RouterPath.WEB_VIEW_PAGE:
        widget = WebViewPage(map["title"], map["url"]);
        break;
    }
    return widget;
  }
}

class RouterPath {
  static const String HOME_PAGE = 'home_page';
  static const String WEB_VIEW_PAGE = 'web_view_page';
}
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在_getWidgetPage內配置路由跳轉的值及對應界面。

android

與以前主要的區別在於參數經過hashmap轉換成json形式放入路由名稱中，而後把路由名連同參數一塊兒傳給main.dart

val map = HashMap<String, String>()
    val params = HashMap<String, String>()
    params.put("title", "幫助中心")
    params.put("url", WebUrlConfig.HELP_URL)
    map.put("path", "web_view_page")
    map.put("param", Gson().toJson(params))
    val matchParent = WindowManager.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT)
    val nativeView = this.createFlutterNativeView()
    val flutterView = FlutterView(this, null, nativeView)
    flutterView.setInitialRoute(Gson().toJson(map))
    flutterView.layoutParams = matchParent
    val layout = findViewById<FrameLayout>(R.id.flutter_container)
    val listeners = arrayOfNulls<FlutterView.FirstFrameListener>(1)
    listeners[0] = FlutterView.FirstFrameListener {
        layout.visibility = View.VISIBLE
    }
    flutterView.addFirstFrameListener(listeners[0])
    this.addContentView(flutterView, matchParent)
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android部分的封裝

我這裏對其android部分進行了封裝，須要使用的話直接拷貝代碼便可：

BaseFlutterActivity：

abstract class BaseFlutterActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    lateinit var flutterView: FlutterView

    private val loadingDialog: LoadingDialog by lazy {
        LoadingDialog(this, "加載中")
    }

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_flutter_activity)
        loadingDialog.show()
        val map = HashMap<String, String>()
        map["path"] = routeUrl()
        map["param"] = Gson().toJson(routeParams())
        flutterView = Flutter.createView(this, lifecycle, Gson().toJson(map))
        val layout = findViewById<FrameLayout>(R.id.flutter_container)
        layout.addView(flutterView)
        val listeners = arrayOfNulls<FlutterView.FirstFrameListener>(1)
        listeners[0] = FlutterView.FirstFrameListener {
            layout.visibility = View.VISIBLE
            loadingDialog.dismiss()
        }
        flutterView.addFirstFrameListener(listeners[0])

        if (setChannel().isNotEmpty()) {
            setFlutterMessageHandler()?.let {
                MethodChannel(flutterView, setChannel()).setMethodCallHandler(it)
            }
        }

    }

    open fun setChannel(): String {
        return ""
    }

    open fun setFlutterMessageHandler(): MethodChannel.MethodCallHandler? {
        return null
    }


    abstract fun routeUrl(): String

    abstract fun routeParams(): HashMap<String, String>
}
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使用：
下面代碼是跳轉一個webview而且傳入url：

class FlutterWebActivity : BaseAegisFlutterActivity() {

    private val title: String by lazy { intent.getStringExtra(TITLE) }
    private val url: String by lazy { intent.getStringExtra(URL) }

    companion object {
        const val TITLE = "title"
        const val URL = "url"

        fun buildIntent(context: Context?, title: String, url: String): Intent {
            val intent = Intent(context, FlutterWebActivity::class.java)
            intent.putExtra(TITLE, title)
            intent.putExtra(URL, url)
            return intent
        }
    }

    override fun routeUrl(): String = "web_view_page"

    override fun routeParams(): HashMap<String, String> {
        val params = HashMap<String, String>()
        params["title"] = title
        params["url"] = url
        return params
    }

    override fun setChannel(): String = "webview"

    override fun setFlutterMessageHandler(): MethodChannel.MethodCallHandler? {
        return MethodChannel.MethodCallHandler { methodCall, _ ->
            if (methodCall.method == "finish") {
                finish()
            }
        }
    }
}
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