Mysql使用binlog恢復數據解決誤操做問題的兩種方法

>新搭建的我的博客，歡迎光臨<

爲保證沒有其餘參數配置影響，從新安裝配置了一臺最小化安裝的CentOS7虛擬機

1. 基礎知識

安裝mysql5.6數據庫 https://my.oschina.net/sgmder/blog/1631045

Mysql binlog初步理解 https://my.oschina.net/sgmder/blog/1631432

 

2. 配置mysql，開啓binlog、修改binlog模式爲Row Level模式

vi /etc/my.cnf 

修改mysql配置文件，在[mysqld]下增長如下內容

# 註釋: 開啓binlog 文件名以mysql-bin開頭
log-bin = mysql-bin
# 註釋: 備份恢復模式不須要開啓Row模式 閃回須要開啓Row模式
binlog_format="ROW"

重啓mysql數據庫 binlog開啓 生成文件/var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000001

service mysqld restart

登陸數據庫 而後建立測試數據庫demo和測試表user

mysql> create database demo;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use demo;
Database changed
mysql> CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` int(8) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(32) NOT NULL, `type` int(8) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

準備完畢，刷新掉binlog文件，此時binlog文件mysql-bin.000001結束，進入mysql-bin.000002記錄

mysql> flush logs;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

備份數據庫

[root@localhost ~]# mysqldump -u root -p --databases demo > db_demo_bak.sql

3. 使用備份+binlog記錄方式回滾數據庫

進入數據庫 先插入2條測試數據

mysql> insert into user (id,name,type) value (10001,'A','1');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into user (id,name,type) value (10002,'B','1');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

查看數據

mysql> select * from user;
+-------+------+------+
| id    | name | type |
+-------+------+------+
| 10001 | A    |    1 |
| 10002 | B    |    1 |
+-------+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

模擬誤操做 update修改數據庫數據

mysql> update user set name = 'C';
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 2  Changed: 2  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from user;
+-------+------+------+
| id    | name | type |
+-------+------+------+
| 10001 | C    |    1 |
| 10002 | C    |    1 |
+-------+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

user表的name字段被誤操做修改，抓緊刷新掉binlog文件，mysql-bin.000002結束，後續操做進入mysql-bin.000003

mysql> flush logs;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

此時，查看一下mysql的binlog文件

[root@localhost ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf  ibdata1      ib_logfile1  mysql-bin.000001  mysql-bin.000003  mysql.sock
demo      ib_logfile0  mysql        mysql-bin.000002  mysql-bin.index   performance_schema

那麼，mysql-bin.000002文件記錄了從備份到誤操做的全部數據庫執行，如今咱們須要恢復掉被update誤操做掉的數據

先使用備份恢復數據庫 此時表user沒有數據

mysql> user demo;
mysql> drop table user;
mysql> source /root/db_demo_bak.sql
mysql> select * from user;
Empty set (0.00 sec)

查看mysql-bin.000002記錄的操做，查看各操做的Pos和End_log_pos

mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000002';
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| Log_name         | Pos | Event_type  | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                  |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 |   4 | Format_desc |         1 |         120 | Server ver: 5.6.39-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 120 | Query       |         1 |         192 | BEGIN                                 |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 192 | Table_map   |         1 |         243 | table_id: 72 (demo.user)              |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 243 | Write_rows  |         1 |         289 | table_id: 72 flags: STMT_END_F        |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 289 | Xid         |         1 |         320 | COMMIT /* xid=147 */                  |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 320 | Query       |         1 |         392 | BEGIN                                 |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 392 | Table_map   |         1 |         443 | table_id: 72 (demo.user)              |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 443 | Write_rows  |         1 |         489 | table_id: 72 flags: STMT_END_F        |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 489 | Xid         |         1 |         520 | COMMIT /* xid=148 */                  |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 520 | Query       |         1 |         592 | BEGIN                                 |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 592 | Table_map   |         1 |         643 | table_id: 72 (demo.user)              |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 643 | Update_rows |         1 |         723 | table_id: 72 flags: STMT_END_F        |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 723 | Xid         |         1 |         754 | COMMIT /* xid=149 */                  |
| mysql-bin.000002 | 754 | Rotate      |         1 |         801 | mysql-bin.000003;pos=4                |
+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)

120 - 320 第一次insert

320 - 520 第二次insert

520 - 754 誤操做update

使用mysqlbinlog工具恢復insert操做 120 - 520 

[root@localhost ~]# mysqlbinlog --start-position=120 --stop-position=520 --database=demo /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000003 | /usr/bin/mysql -u root -p mima666 -v demo

mysqlbinlog的詳細使用方法參看官方文檔 https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/mysqlbinlog.html

查看下user表數據

mysql> select * from user;
+-------+------+------+
| id    | name | type |
+-------+------+------+
| 10001 | A    |    1 |
| 10002 | B    |    1 |
+-------+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Ok，數據恢復成功

4. 使用binlog+MyFlash閃回方式回滾數據庫

參考美團的開源項目MyFlash

https://gitee.com/mirrors/MyFlash

https://github.com/Meituan-Dianping/MyFlash