MySQL在windows系統的安裝

時間 2019-11-21

原文原文鏈接

原文：https://blog.csdn.net/wokaowokaowokao12345/article/details/76736152php

MySQL在windows系統的安裝

原創 2017年08月05日 22:02:45

標籤：
mysql /
數據庫 /
sql server

引言

MySQL是一個關係型數據庫管理系統，由瑞典MySQL AB 公司開發，目前屬於 Oracle 旗下產品。MySQL分爲社區版和商業版，具備體積小、速度快、成本低、開源的優勢。MySQL備受互聯網公司青睞，如騰訊、阿里選擇MySQL做爲其數據庫管理軟件。以前學習使用SQL Server做爲DBMS，因爲體量過大如今將注意力轉移到體積較小的MySQL上來。html

下載與安裝

MySQL官網：https://www.mysql.com/
MySQL官網提供Installer（安裝）版和Archive（文檔）版，兩種類型的安裝包。Installer安裝包支持分別安裝X86和X64兩種系統位數的安裝，而Archive版X86和X64須要分別下載安裝。鑑於開發的應用會安裝在X86和X64系統上，所以推薦使用Installer版MySQL。固然實際使用時安裝Installer和Archive兩者之一便可。mysql

MySQL軟件下載

MySQL Installer 下載
mysql-installer-community-5.7.19.0.msi:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=471661sql

MySQL Archive 下載
mysql-5.7.19-win32.zip：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=471341
mysql-5.7.19-winx64.zip：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=471342shell

MySQL 安裝

Installer版安裝過程

雙擊打開mysql-installer-community-5.7.19.0.msi
根據本身須要選擇安裝模式，這裏選擇只安裝服務器，並設置路徑，沒有特別須要默認路徑便可
設置類型和網絡，默認設置
設置帳戶和密碼，須要牢記
設置Windows服務，默認設置
應用調試，執行
安裝成功，進行驗證，開始菜單中打開MySQL命令行工具

打開命令行工具

輸入設置的Root密碼，輸入show datases查看當前存在的數據庫

Archive版安裝過程

解壓mysql-5.7.19-winx64.zip，並複製粘貼到想要安裝的位置，好比放在C:\Program Files下面

MySQL Server 5.7是前面安裝的Installer版，mysql-5.7.19-winx64是通過解壓後的文件
將ysql-5.7.19-winx64文件名，修改成MySQL Server 5.7 X64，不改也能夠
添加環境變量，C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7 X64\bin
在MySQL目錄中新建文件夾datax64，修改MySQL默認的配置文件，最新版的MySQL中並無配置文件，咱們本身在路徑C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.7 X64下新建my.ini文件，並修改內容以下後保存。

# Other default tuning values
# MySQL Server Instance Configuration File
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------- # Generated by the MySQL Server Instance Configuration Wizard # # # Installation Instructions # ---------------------------------------------------------------------- # # On Linux you can copy this file to /etc/my.cnf to set global options, # mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options # (@localstatedir@ for this installation) or to # ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options. # # On Windows you should keep this file in the installation directory # of your server (e.g. C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y). To # make sure the server reads the config file use the startup option # "--defaults-file". # # To run run the server from the command line, execute this in a # command line shell, e.g. # mysqld --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini" # # To install the server as a Windows service manually, execute this in a # command line shell, e.g. # mysqld --install MySQLXY --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini" # # And then execute this in a command line shell to start the server, e.g. # net start MySQLXY # # # Guildlines for editing this file # ---------------------------------------------------------------------- # # In this file, you can use all long options that the program supports. # If you want to know the options a program supports, start the program # with the "--help" option. # # More detailed information about the individual options can also be # found in the manual. # # For advice on how to change settings please see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html # # # CLIENT SECTION # ---------------------------------------------------------------------- # # The following options will be read by MySQL client applications. # Note that only client applications shipped by MySQL are guaranteed # to read this section. If you want your own MySQL client program to # honor these values, you need to specify it as an option during the # MySQL client library initialization. # [client] # pipe # socket=0.0 port=3306 [mysql] no-beep default-character-set=utf8 # SERVER SECTION # ---------------------------------------------------------------------- # # The following options will be read by the MySQL Server. Make sure that # you have installed the server correctly (see above) so it reads this # file. # # server_type=3 [mysqld] # The next three options are mutually exclusive to SERVER_PORT below. # skip-networking # enable-named-pipe # shared-memory # shared-memory-base-name=MYSQL # The Pipe the MySQL Server will use # socket=MYSQL # The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on port=3306 # Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this. # basedir="C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/" # Path to the database root datadir=C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/Data # The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is # created and no character set is defined character-set-server=utf8 # The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when default-storage-engine=INNODB # Set the SQL mode to strict sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION" # Enable Windows Authentication # plugin-load=authentication_windows.dll # General and Slow logging. log-output=FILE general-log=0 general_log_file="LILY-PC.log" slow-query-log=1 slow_query_log_file="LILY-PC-slow.log" long_query_time=10 # Binary Logging. # log-bin # Error Logging. log-error="LILY-PC.err" # Server Id. server-id=1 # Secure File Priv. secure-file-priv="C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.7/Uploads" # The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will # allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with # SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the # connection limit has been reached. max_connections=151 # Query cache is used to cache SELECT results and later return them # without actual executing the same query once again. Having the query # cache enabled may result in significant speed improvements, if your # have a lot of identical queries and rarely changing tables. See the # "Qcache_lowmem_prunes" status variable to check if the current value # is high enough for your load. # Note: In case your tables change very often or if your queries are # textually different every time, the query cache may result in a # slowdown instead of a performance improvement. query_cache_size=0 # The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value # increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires. # Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files # allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in # section [mysqld_safe] table_open_cache=2000 # Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table # grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk # based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many # of them. tmp_table_size=11M # How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client # disconnects, the client's threads are put in the cache if there aren't # more than thread_cache_size threads from before. This greatly reduces # the amount of thread creations needed if you have a lot of new # connections. (Normally this doesn't give a notable performance # improvement if you have a good thread implementation.) thread_cache_size=10 #*** MyISAM Specific options # The maximum size of the temporary file MySQL is allowed to use while # recreating the index (during REPAIR, ALTER TABLE or LOAD DATA INFILE. # If the file-size would be bigger than this, the index will be created # through the key cache (which is slower). myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G # If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger # than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the # key cache method. This is mainly used to force long character keys in # large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index. myisam_sort_buffer_size=13M # Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocks for MyISAM tables. # Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory, as some memory # is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even if you're not using # MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M as it will also be # used for internal temporary disk tables. key_buffer_size=8M # Size of the buffer used for doing full table scans of MyISAM tables. # Allocated per thread, if a full scan is needed. read_buffer_size=25K read_rnd_buffer_size=256K #*** INNODB Specific options *** # innodb_data_home_dir=0.0 # Use this option if you have a MySQL server with InnoDB support enabled # but you do not plan to use it. This will save memory and disk space # and speed up some things. # skip-innodb # If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) the transaction logs to the # disk at each commit, which offers full ACID behavior. If you are # willing to compromise this safety, and you are running small # transactions, you may set this to 0 or 2 to reduce disk I/O to the # logs. Value 0 means that the log is only written to the log file and # the log file flushed to disk approximately once per second. Value 2 # means the log is written to the log file at each commit, but the log # file is only flushed to disk approximately once per second. innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1 # The size of the buffer InnoDB uses for buffering log data. As soon as # it is full, InnoDB will have to flush it to disk. As it is flushed # once per second anyway, it does not make sense to have it very large # (even with long transactions). innodb_log_buffer_size=1M # InnoDB, unlike MyISAM, uses a buffer pool to cache both indexes and # row data. The bigger you set this the less disk I/O is needed to # access data in tables. On a dedicated database server you may set this # parameter up to 80% of the machine physical memory size. Do not set it # too large, though, because competition of the physical memory may # cause paging in the operating system. Note that on 32bit systems you # might be limited to 2-3.5G of user level memory per process, so do not # set it too high. innodb_buffer_pool_size=8M # Size of each log file in a log group. You should set the combined size # of log files to about 25%-100% of your buffer pool size to avoid # unneeded buffer pool flush activity on log file overwrite. However, # note that a larger logfile size will increase the time needed for the # recovery process. innodb_log_file_size=48M # Number of threads allowed inside the InnoDB kernel. The optimal value # depends highly on the application, hardware as well as the OS # scheduler properties. A too high value may lead to thread thrashing. innodb_thread_concurrency=9 # The increment size (in MB) for extending the size of an auto-extend InnoDB system tablespace file when it becomes full. innodb_autoextend_increment=64 # The number of regions that the InnoDB buffer pool is divided into. # For systems with buffer pools in the multi-gigabyte range, dividing the buffer pool into separate instances can improve concurrency, # by reducing contention as different threads read and write to cached pages. innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8 # Determines the number of threads that can enter InnoDB concurrently. innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000 # Specifies how long in milliseconds (ms) a block inserted into the old sublist must stay there after its first access before # it can be moved to the new sublist. innodb_old_blocks_time=1000 # It specifies the maximum number of .ibd files that MySQL can keep open at one time. The minimum value is 10. innodb_open_files=300 # When this variable is enabled, InnoDB updates statistics during metadata statements. innodb_stats_on_metadata=0 # When innodb_file_per_table is enabled (the default in 5.6.6 and higher), InnoDB stores the data and indexes for each newly created table # in a separate .ibd file, rather than in the system tablespace. innodb_file_per_table=1 # Use the following list of values: 0 for crc32, 1 for strict_crc32, 2 for innodb, 3 for strict_innodb, 4 for none, 5 for strict_none. innodb_checksum_algorithm=0 # The number of outstanding connection requests MySQL can have. # This option is useful when the main MySQL thread gets many connection requests in a very short time. # It then takes some time (although very little) for the main thread to check the connection and start a new thread. # The back_log value indicates how many requests can be stacked during this short time before MySQL momentarily # stops answering new requests. # You need to increase this only if you expect a large number of connections in a short period of time. back_log=80 # If this is set to a nonzero value, all tables are closed every flush_time seconds to free up resources and # synchronize unflushed data to disk. # This option is best used only on systems with minimal resources. flush_time=0 # The minimum size of the buffer that is used for plain index scans, range index scans, and joins that do not use # indexes and thus perform full table scans. join_buffer_size=256K # The maximum size of one packet or any generated or intermediate string, or any parameter sent by the # mysql_stmt_send_long_data() C API function. max_allowed_packet=4M # If more than this many successive connection requests from a host are interrupted without a successful connection, # the server blocks that host from performing further connections. max_connect_errors=100 # Changes the number of file descriptors available to mysqld. # You should try increasing the value of this option if mysqld gives you the error "Too many open files". open_files_limit=4161 # Set the query cache type. 0 for OFF, 1 for ON and 2 for DEMAND. query_cache_type=0 # If you see many sort_merge_passes per second in SHOW GLOBAL STATUS output, you can consider increasing the # sort_buffer_size value to speed up ORDER BY or GROUP BY operations that cannot be improved with query optimization # or improved indexing. sort_buffer_size=256K # The number of table definitions (from .frm files) that can be stored in the definition cache. # If you use a large number of tables, you can create a large table definition cache to speed up opening of tables. # The table definition cache takes less space and does not use file descriptors, unlike the normal table cache. # The minimum and default values are both 400. table_definition_cache=1400 # Specify the maximum size of a row-based binary log event, in bytes. # Rows are grouped into events smaller than this size if possible. The value should be a multiple of 256. binlog_row_event_max_size=8K # If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its master.info file to disk. # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_master_info events. sync_master_info=10000 # If the value of this variable is greater than 0, the MySQL server synchronizes its relay log to disk. # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log writes to the relay log. sync_relay_log=10000 # If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its relay-log.info file to disk. # (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log_info transactions. sync_relay_log_info=10000 # Indicates how is the InnoDB Cluster configured as (Classic, Sandbox, Master or Slave). # innodbclustertypeselection=ClassicMySQLReplication # Indicates how is the InnoDB Cluster is/will be named. # innodbclustername="sandboxCluster" # Indicates how many instances will the InnoDB cluster sandbox will have. # innodbclusterinstances=0 # Holds the InnoDB Cluster Username. # innodbclusterusername # Indicates the InnoDB Cluster URI. # innodbclusteruri # Indicates the InnoDB Cluster Port. # innodbclusterport=3306 # Load mysql plugins at start."plugin_x ; plugin_y". # plugin_load # MySQL server's plugin configuration. # loose_mysqlx_port=33060

以管理員身份運行cmd，輸入命令 cd C:\Program Files\mysql-5.7.16-winx64\bin 回車
輸入mysqld –initialize-insecure –user=mysql 回車
輸入 mysqld install 回車
輸入net start mysql 回車啓動mysql服務
從上圖看到mysql服務已經啓動了，咱們輸入mysql -u root -p 回車登陸mysql數據庫
要求輸入密碼，剛剛安裝完是沒有密碼的，直接回車
到這裏就成功了

給MySQL安裝圖形化操做工具

對於初次接觸MySQL的用戶，尤爲是從SQL Server過來的用戶，看到使用cmd窗口操做MySQL是否是有些無從下手。這一小節就講述一下如何給MySQL安裝GUI工具。下面是幾個圖形化的管理工具：
一、phpMyAdmin
二、MySQLDumper
三、Navicat
四、MySQL GUI Tools
五、MySQL ODBC Connector
在MySQL GUI Tools和Navicat之間，我選擇Navicat，理由以下：Navicat for MySQL能夠與任何3.21或以上版本的MySQL一塊兒工做，支持大部分的MySQL最新功能，包括觸發器、存儲過程、函數、事件、視圖、管理用戶，等等。它不只對專業開發人員來講是很是尖端的技術，並且對於新手來講也易學易用。它可使用戶鏈接到本地/遠程服務器，提供了幾種實用工具，例如數據結構同步、導入/導出、備份和報告，使維護數據的過程很容易。數據庫

下載安裝連接Navicat

完整卸載MySQL

中止mysql服務，cmd模式下輸入net stop mysql;
進入控制面板卸載mysql;
刪除mysql文件夾下的my.ini文件及全部文件;
運行「regedit」文件,打開註冊表
刪除HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\Eventlog\Application\MySQL文件夾
刪除HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet002\Services\Eventlog\Application\MySQL文件夾。
刪除HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Eventlog\Application\MySQL的文件夾。
刪除C盤下的「C:\ProgramData\MySQL 」全部文件，該programData文件是隱藏的默認，設置顯示後便可見。
以管理員權限的方式打開cmd命令窗口，而後將在dos命令中輸入命令：
sc delete mysql //這裏的mysql是你要刪除的服務名。