tornado web高級開發項目之抽屜官網的頁面登錄驗證、form驗證、點贊、評論、文章分頁處理、發送郵箱驗證碼、登錄驗證碼、註冊、發佈文章、上傳圖片

本博文將一步步帶領你實現抽屜官網的各類功能：包括登錄、註冊、發送郵箱驗證碼、登錄驗證碼、頁面登錄驗證、發佈文章、上傳圖片、form驗證、點贊、評論、文章分頁處理以及基於tornado的後端和ajax的前端數據處理。

轉載請註明出處http://www.cnblogs.com/wanghzh/p/5806514.html

抽屜官網：http://dig.chouti.com/

1、配置（settings）

settings = {
    'template_path': 'views',    #模板文件路徑
    'static_path': 'statics',        #靜態文件路徑
    'static_url_prefix': '/statics/',  #靜態文件前綴
    'autoreload': True,
    'ui_methods': mt
}

2、路由配置

application = tornado.web.Application([
    (r"/index", home.IndexHandler),    #主頁
    (r"/check_code", account.CheckCodeHandler),  #驗證碼
    (r"/send_msg", account.SendMsgHandler),  #郵箱驗證碼
    (r"/register", account.RegisterHandler),  #註冊
    (r"/login", account.LoginHandler),    #登錄
    (r"/upload_image", home.UploadImageHandler),  #上傳圖片
    (r"/comment", home.CommentHandler),  #評論
    (r"/favor", home.FavorHandler),   #點贊
], **settings)

3、文件夾分類

下面咱們將根據上圖文件目錄由上到下作一一分析：

4、準備工做

　　本項目全部前端反饋均是經過BaseResponse類實現的：

class BaseResponse:

    def __init__(self):
        self.status = False    #狀態信息，是否註冊成功，是否登錄成功，是否點同意功、是否評論成功等
        self.code = StatusCodeEnum.Success
        self.data = None        #前端須要展現的數據
        self.summary = None    #錯誤信息
        self.message = {}    #字典類型的錯誤信息

本文參考了大量前端和後端基礎知識，從入門到精通的連接以下：

前端：

• html
• css基礎（一）
• css基礎（二）
• JavaScript基礎
• Dom基礎和實例
• jquary基礎和實例大全
• 偷偷發請求的ajax基礎與實例大全

後端：

• web框架本質
• web框架之tronado

數據庫：

• mysql基礎一
• mysql基礎二 
• python操做mysql（pymysql 和ORM框架 SQLAchemy）

緩存：

• RabbitMQ、Redis、Memcache、SQLAlchemy

  　　

5、core：業務處理類handler須要繼承的父類

import tornado.web
from backend.session.session import SessionFactory


class BaseRequestHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):

    def initialize(self):

        self.session = SessionFactory.get_session_obj(self)

6、form：用於form驗證的文件，這是一個自定義的tornado form驗證模塊

　　fields：包含字符串、郵箱、數字、checkbox、文件類型驗證

　　forms：核心驗證處理，返回驗證是否成功self._valid_status、成功後的數據提self._value_dict、錯誤信息self._error_dict

class Field:

    def __init__(self):

        self.is_valid = False
        self.name = None
        self.value = None
        self.error = None

    def match(self, name, value):
        self.name = name

        if not self.required:
            self.is_valid = True
            self.value = value
        else:
            if not value:
                if self.custom_error_dict.get('required', None):
                    self.error = self.custom_error_dict['required']
                else:
                    self.error = "%s is required" % name
            else:
                ret = re.match(self.REGULAR, value)
                if ret:
                    self.is_valid = True
                    self.value = value
                else:
                    if self.custom_error_dict.get('valid', None):
                        self.error = self.custom_error_dict['valid']
                    else:
                        self.error = "%s is invalid" % name

初始化

class StringField(Field):

    REGULAR = "^.*$"

    def __init__(self, custom_error_dict=None, required=True):

        self.custom_error_dict = {}  # {'required': 'IP不能爲空', 'valid': 'IP格式錯誤'}
        if custom_error_dict:
            self.custom_error_dict.update(custom_error_dict)

        self.required = required

        super(StringField, self).__init__()

字符串匹配

class IPField(Field):

    REGULAR = "^(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[0-1]?\d?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[0-1]?\d?\d)){3}$"

    def __init__(self, custom_error_dict=None, required=True):

        self.custom_error_dict = {}  # {'required': 'IP不能爲空', 'valid': 'IP格式錯誤'}
        if custom_error_dict:
            self.custom_error_dict.update(custom_error_dict)

        self.required = required
        super(IPField, self).__init__()

ip匹配

class EmailField(Field):

    REGULAR = "^\w+([-+.']\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*$"

    def __init__(self, custom_error_dict=None, required=True):

        self.custom_error_dict = {}  # {'required': 'IP不能爲空', 'valid': 'IP格式錯誤'}
        if custom_error_dict:
            self.custom_error_dict.update(custom_error_dict)

        self.required = required
        super(EmailField, self).__init__()

郵箱匹配

class IntegerField(Field):

    REGULAR = "^\d+$"

    def __init__(self, custom_error_dict=None, required=True):

        self.custom_error_dict = {}  # {'required': 'IP不能爲空', 'valid': 'IP格式錯誤'}
        if custom_error_dict:
            self.custom_error_dict.update(custom_error_dict)

        self.required = required
        super(IntegerField, self).__init__()

數字匹配

class CheckBoxField(Field):

    REGULAR = "^\d+$"

    def __init__(self, custom_error_dict=None, required=True):

        self.custom_error_dict = {}  # {'required': 'IP不能爲空', 'valid': 'IP格式錯誤'}
        if custom_error_dict:
            self.custom_error_dict.update(custom_error_dict)

        self.required = required
        super(CheckBoxField, self).__init__()

    def match(self, name, value):
        self.name = name

        if not self.required:
            self.is_valid = True
            self.value = value
        else:
            if not value:
                if self.custom_error_dict.get('required', None):
                    self.error = self.custom_error_dict['required']
                else:
                    self.error = "%s is required" % name
            else:
                if isinstance(name, list):
                    self.is_valid = True
                    self.value = value
                else:
                    if self.custom_error_dict.get('valid', None):
                        self.error = self.custom_error_dict['valid']
                    else:
                        self.error = "%s is invalid" % name

checkbox匹配

class FileField(Field):

    REGULAR = "^(\w+\.pdf)|(\w+\.mp3)|(\w+\.py)$"

    def __init__(self, custom_error_dict=None, required=True):

        self.custom_error_dict = {}  # {'required': 'IP不能爲空', 'valid': 'IP格式錯誤'}
        if custom_error_dict:
            self.custom_error_dict.update(custom_error_dict)

        self.required = required

        super(FileField, self).__init__()

    def match(self, name, file_name_list):
        flag = True
        self.name = name

        if not self.required:
            self.is_valid = True
            self.value = file_name_list
        else:
            if not file_name_list:
                if self.custom_error_dict.get('required', None):
                    self.error = self.custom_error_dict['required']
                else:
                    self.error = "%s is required" % name
                flag = False
            else:
                for file_name in file_name_list:
                    if not file_name or not file_name.strip():
                        if self.custom_error_dict.get('required', None):
                            self.error = self.custom_error_dict['required']
                        else:
                            self.error = "%s is required" % name
                        flag = False
                        break
                    else:
                        ret = re.match(self.REGULAR, file_name)
                        if not ret:
                            if self.custom_error_dict.get('valid', None):
                                self.error = self.custom_error_dict['valid']
                            else:
                                self.error = "%s is invalid" % name
                            flag = False
                            break

            self.is_valid = flag

    def save(self, request, upload_to=""):

        file_metas = request.files[self.name]
        for meta in file_metas:
            file_name = meta['filename']
            file_path_name = os.path.join(upload_to, file_name)
            with open(file_path_name, 'wb') as up:
                up.write(meta['body'])

        upload_file_path_list = map(lambda path: os.path.join(upload_to, path), self.value)
        self.value = list(upload_file_path_list)

文件匹配

核心驗證處理：

from backend.form import fields


class BaseForm:

    def __init__(self):
        self._value_dict = {} #數據字典
        self._error_dict = {} #錯誤信息字典
        self._valid_status = True #是否驗證成功

    def valid(self, handler):

        for field_name, field_obj in self.__dict__.items():
            if field_name.startswith('_'):  #過濾私有字段
                continue

            if type(field_obj) == fields.CheckBoxField:  #checkbox處理
                post_value = handler.get_arguments(field_name, None) 
            elif type(field_obj) == fields.FileField:  #文件處理
                post_value = []
                file_list = handler.request.files.get(field_name, [])
                for file_item in file_list:
                    post_value.append(file_item['filename'])
            else:
                post_value = handler.get_argument(field_name, None)

            field_obj.match(field_name, post_value)  #匹配
            if field_obj.is_valid:    　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#若是驗證成功
                self._value_dict[field_name] = field_obj.value　　#提取數據
            else:
                self._error_dict[field_name] = field_obj.error  #錯誤信息
                self._valid_status = False
        return self._valid_status    #返回是否驗證成功

7、如何應用上述form驗證模塊：

以註冊爲例：

前端：

<div class="header">
                <span>註冊</span>
                <div class="dialog-close" onclick="CloseDialog('#accountDialog');">X</div>
            </div>
            <div class="content">
                <div style="padding: 0 70px">
                    <div class="tips">
                        <span>輸入註冊信息</span>
                    </div>
                    <div id="register_error_summary" class="error-msg">

                    </div>
                    <div class="inp">
                        <input name="username" type="text" placeholder="請輸入用戶名" />

                    </div>
                    <div class="inp">
                        <input name="email" id="email" type="text" placeholder="請輸入郵箱" />
                    </div>
                    <div class="inp">
                        <input name="email_code" class="email-code" type="text" placeholder="請輸入郵箱驗證碼" />
                        <a id="fetch_code" class="fetch-code" href="javascript:void(0);">獲取驗證碼</a>
                    </div>
                    <div class="inp">
                        <input name="password" type="password" placeholder="請輸入密碼" />
                    </div>
                    <div class="inp">
                        <div class="submit" onclick="SubmitRegister(this);">
                            <span>註冊</span>
                            <span class="hide">
                                <img src="/statics/images/loader.gif" style="height: 16px;width: 16px">
                                <span>正在註冊</span>
                            </span>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

html

js：

/*
        點擊註冊按鈕
        */
        function SubmitRegister(ths){
            $('#register_error_summary').empty();
            $('#model_register .inp .error').remove();

            $(ths).children(':eq(0)').addClass('hide');
            $(ths).addClass('not-allow').children(':eq(1)').removeClass('hide');

            var post_dict = {};
            $('#model_register input').each(function(){
                post_dict[$(this).attr("name")] = $(this).val();  #將全部input標籤內容提取出來，以對應name爲key，值爲value放入post_dict字典
            });

            $.ajax({
                url: '/register', #提交的url
                type: 'POST',    #提交方式
                data: post_dict,  #提交數據
                dataType: 'json',  #數據格式
                success: function(arg){
                    if(arg.status){
                        window.location.href = '/index'; #驗證成功跳轉至主頁
                    }else{
                        $.each(arg.message, function(k,v){
                            //<span class="error">s</span>
                            var tag = document.createElement('span'); #驗證失敗建立標籤
                            tag.className = 'error'; 
                            tag.innerText = v; #存入錯誤信息
                            $('#model_register input[name="'+ k +'"]').after(tag); #將標籤加入html中
                        })
                    }
                }
            });

            $(ths).removeClass('not-allow').children(':eq(1)').addClass('hide');
            $(ths).children(':eq(0)').removeClass('hide');
        }

　後臺處理：

首先須要編寫RegisterForm：

class RegisterForm(BaseForm):  #須要繼承上面的form驗證核心處理類

    def __init__(self): #初始化每個input標籤的name
        self.username = StringField()  #input標籤name=對應類型的類
        self.email = EmailField()
        self.password = StringField()
        self.email_code = StringField()

        super(RegisterForm, self).__init__()

後臺RegisterHandler：

class RegisterHandler(BaseRequestHandler):
    def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
        rep = BaseResponse()   #總的返回前端的類，包含是否註冊成功的狀態、錯誤信息
        form = account.RegisterForm()  #實例化RegisterForm
        if form.valid(self):  #調用baseform核心驗證處理函數valid，返回是否驗證成功
            current_date = datetime.datetime.now()
            limit_day = current_date - datetime.timedelta(minutes=1)
            conn = ORM.session()  #獲取數據庫session對象
　　　　　　　　#查看驗證碼是否過時
            is_valid_code = conn.query(ORM.SendMsg).filter(ORM.SendMsg.email == form._value_dict['email'],
                                                           ORM.SendMsg.code == form._value_dict['email_code'],
                                                           ORM.SendMsg.ctime > limit_day).count()
            if not is_valid_code:
                rep.message['email_code'] = '郵箱驗證碼不正確或過時'
                self.write(json.dumps(rep.__dict__))
                return
            has_exists_email = conn.query(ORM.UserInfo).filter(ORM.UserInfo.email == form._value_dict['email']).count()#郵箱是否存在
            if has_exists_email:
                rep.message['email'] = '郵箱已經存在'
                self.write(json.dumps(rep.__dict__))
                return
            has_exists_username = conn.query(ORM.UserInfo).filter(
                ORM.UserInfo.username == form._value_dict['username']).count() #用戶名是否存在
            if has_exists_username:
                rep.message['email'] = '用戶名已經存在'
                self.write(json.dumps(rep.__dict__))
                return
　　　　　　　　#按數據庫表的列訂製form._value_dict

　　　　　　　form._value_dict['ctime'] = current_date form._value_dict.pop('email_code') obj = ORM.UserInfo(**form._value_dict) conn.add(obj)

            conn.flush()
            conn.refresh(obj) #將自增id也提取出來

            user_info_dict = {'nid': obj.nid, 'email': obj.email, 'username': obj.username}

            conn.query(ORM.SendMsg).filter_by(email=form._value_dict['email']).delete()#刪除本次郵箱驗證碼
            conn.commit()
            conn.close()

            self.session['is_login'] = True  #註冊成功後定義登錄成功
            self.session['user_info'] = user_info_dict 用戶信息寫入session
            rep.status = True

        else:
            rep.message = form._error_dict #錯誤信息

        self.write(json.dumps(rep.__dict__))  #返回給前端，前端ajax success接收並處理，在前端頁面展現

8、session ，本session是基於tornado的自定義session　　

1.應用工廠方法模式定義session保存的位置，用戶只需在配置文件修改便可

class SessionFactory:

    @staticmethod
    def get_session_obj(handler):
        obj = None

        if config.SESSION_TYPE == "cache": #緩存
            obj = CacheSession(handler)
        elif config.SESSION_TYPE == "memcached": #memcached

　　　　　　obj = MemcachedSession(handler) 
　　　　elif config.SESSION_TYPE == "redis": #radis
　　　　　　obj = RedisSession(handler) 
　　　　return obj

2.緩存session

class CacheSession:
    session_container = {}
    session_id = "__sessionId__"

    def __init__(self, handler):
        self.handler = handler
        client_random_str = handler.get_cookie(CacheSession.session_id, None)
        if client_random_str and client_random_str in CacheSession.session_container:
            self.random_str = client_random_str
        else:
            self.random_str = create_session_id()
            CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str] = {}

        expires_time = time.time() + config.SESSION_EXPIRES
        handler.set_cookie(CacheSession.session_id, self.random_str, expires=expires_time)

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        ret = CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str].get(key, None)
        return ret

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str][key] = value

    def __delitem__(self, key):
        if key in CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str]:
            del CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str][key]

緩存session

3.memcache session

import memcache

conn = memcache.Client(['192.168.11.119:12000'], debug=True, cache_cas=True)

class MemcachedSession:
    session_id = "__sessionId__"

    def __init__(self, handler):
        self.handler = handler
        # 從客戶端獲取隨機字符串
        client_random_str = handler.get_cookie(CacheSession.session_id, None)
        # 若是從客戶端獲取到了隨機字符串
        #
        if client_random_str and conn.get(client_random_str):
            self.random_str = client_random_str
        else:
            self.random_str = create_session_id()
            conn.set(self.random_str, json.dumps({}), config.SESSION_EXPIRES)
            #CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str] = {}

        conn.set(self.random_str, conn.get(self.random_str), config.SESSION_EXPIRES)

        expires_time = time.time() + config.SESSION_EXPIRES
        handler.set_cookie(MemcachedSession.session_id, self.random_str, expires=expires_time)

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        # ret = CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str].get(key, None)
        ret = conn.get(self.random_str)
        ret_dict = json.loads(ret)
        result = ret_dict.get(key,None)
        return result

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        ret = conn.get(self.random_str)
        ret_dict = json.loads(ret)
        ret_dict[key] = value
        conn.set(self.random_str, json.dumps(ret_dict), config.SESSION_EXPIRES)

        # CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str][key] = value

    def __delitem__(self, key):
        ret = conn.get(self.random_str)
        ret_dict = json.loads(ret)
        del ret_dict[key]
        conn.set(self.random_str, json.dumps(ret_dict), config.SESSION_EXPIRES)

memcache session

4.radis session

import redis

pool = redis.ConnectionPool(host='192.168.11.119', port=6379)
r = redis.Redis(connection_pool=pool)

class RedisSession:
    session_id = "__sessionId__"

    def __init__(self, handler):
        self.handler = handler
        # 從客戶端獲取隨機字符串
        client_random_str = handler.get_cookie(CacheSession.session_id, None)
        # 若是從客戶端獲取到了隨機字符串
        if client_random_str and r.exists(client_random_str):
            self.random_str = client_random_str
        else:
            self.random_str = create_session_id()
            r.hset(self.random_str,None,None)

            # conn.set(self.random_str, json.dumps({}), config.SESSION_EXPIRES)
            # CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str] = {}
        r.expire(self.random_str, config.SESSION_EXPIRES)
        # conn.set(self.random_str, conn.get(self.random_str), config.SESSION_EXPIRES)


        expires_time = time.time() + config.SESSION_EXPIRES
        handler.set_cookie(RedisSession.session_id, self.random_str, expires=expires_time)

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        # ret = CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str].get(key, None)
        result = r.hget(self.random_str,key)
        if result:
            ret_str = str(result, encoding='utf-8')
            try:
                result = json.loads(ret_str)
            except:
                result = ret_str
            return result
        else:
            return result

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        if type(value) == dict:
            r.hset(self.random_str, key, json.dumps(value))
        else:
            r.hset(self.random_str, key, value)

        # CacheSession.session_container[self.random_str][key] = value

    def __delitem__(self, key):
        r.hdel(self.random_str,key)

radis session

9、驗證碼：

注：驗證碼須要依賴session。

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8

import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter

_letter_cases = "abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxy"  # 小寫字母，去除可能干擾的i，l，o，z
_upper_cases = _letter_cases.upper()  # 大寫字母
_numbers = ''.join(map(str, range(3, 10)))  # 數字
init_chars = ''.join((_letter_cases, _upper_cases, _numbers))

def create_validate_code(size=(120, 30),
                         chars=init_chars,
                         img_type="GIF",
                         mode="RGB",
                         bg_color=(255, 255, 255),
                         fg_color=(0, 0, 255),
                         font_size=18,
                         font_type="Monaco.ttf",
                         length=4,
                         draw_lines=True,
                         n_line=(1, 2),
                         draw_points=True,
                         point_chance = 2):
    '''
    @todo: 生成驗證碼圖片
    @param size: 圖片的大小，格式（寬，高），默認爲(120, 30)
    @param chars: 容許的字符集合，格式字符串
    @param img_type: 圖片保存的格式，默認爲GIF，可選的爲GIF，JPEG，TIFF，PNG
    @param mode: 圖片模式，默認爲RGB
    @param bg_color: 背景顏色，默認爲白色
    @param fg_color: 前景色，驗證碼字符顏色，默認爲藍色#0000FF
    @param font_size: 驗證碼字體大小
    @param font_type: 驗證碼字體，默認爲 ae_AlArabiya.ttf
    @param length: 驗證碼字符個數
    @param draw_lines: 是否劃干擾線
    @param n_lines: 干擾線的條數範圍，格式元組，默認爲(1, 2)，只有draw_lines爲True時有效
    @param draw_points: 是否畫干擾點
    @param point_chance: 干擾點出現的機率，大小範圍[0, 100]
    @return: [0]: PIL Image實例
    @return: [1]: 驗證碼圖片中的字符串
    '''

    width, height = size # 寬， 高
    img = Image.new(mode, size, bg_color) # 建立圖形
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # 建立畫筆

    def get_chars():
        '''生成給定長度的字符串，返回列表格式'''
        return random.sample(chars, length)

    def create_lines():
        '''繪製干擾線'''
        line_num = random.randint(*n_line) # 干擾線條數

        for i in range(line_num):
            # 起始點
            begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
            #結束點
            end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
            draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0))

    def create_points():
        '''繪製干擾點'''
        chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]

        for w in range(width):
            for h in range(height):
                tmp = random.randint(0, 100)
                if tmp > 100 - chance:
                    draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0))

    def create_strs():
        '''繪製驗證碼字符'''
        c_chars = get_chars()
        strs = ' %s ' % ' '.join(c_chars) # 每一個字符先後以空格隔開

        font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size)
        font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs)

        draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3),
                    strs, font=font, fill=fg_color)

        return ''.join(c_chars)

    if draw_lines:
        create_lines()
    if draw_points:
        create_points()
    strs = create_strs()

    # 圖形扭曲參數
    params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100,
              0,
              0,
              0,
              1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100,
              float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500,
              0.001,
              float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500
              ]
    img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params) # 建立扭曲

    img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) # 濾鏡，邊界增強（閾值更大）

    return img, strs

check_code.py

class CheckCodeHandler(BaseRequestHandler):
    def get(self, *args, **kwargs):
        stream = io.BytesIO()
        img, code = check_code.create_validate_code()
        img.save(stream, "png")
        self.session["CheckCode"] = code  #利用session保存驗證碼
        self.write(stream.getvalue())

　　路由配置：(r"/check_code", account.CheckCodeHandler),

　　前端：

 

<img class="check-img" src="/check_code" alt="驗證碼" onclick="ChangeCode(this);">

　　js：

<script>
                    function ChangeCode(ths) {
                        ths.src += '?';
                    }
                </script>

10、發送郵箱驗證碼

前端：

<div class="inp">
        <input class="regiter-temp" name="code" class="email-code" type="text" placeholder="請輸入郵箱驗證碼" />
        <a onclick="SendCode(this);" class="fetch-code" >獲取驗證碼</a>
</div>

js：

 function SendCode(ths) {
//            var email = $(ths).prev().val();
            var email = $('#email').val();
            $.ajax({
                url: '/send_code',
                type: 'POST',
                data: {em: email},
                success: function (arg) {
                    console.log(arg);
                },
                error: function () {
                    
                }
                
            });
        }

路由配置：

(r"/send_code", account.SendCodeHandler),

後臺handler：

class SendCodeHandler(BaseRequestHandler):
    def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
        ret = {'status': True, "data": "", "error": ""}
        email = self.get_argument('em', None)
        if email:
            code = commons.random_code()  #獲取隨機驗證碼
            message.email([email,], code) #發送驗證碼到郵箱
            conn = chouti_orm.session()   #獲取數據庫session對象
            obj = chouti_orm.SendCode(email=email,code=code, stime=datetime.datetime.now()) #寫入數據庫
            conn.add(obj)
            conn.commit()
        else:
            ret['status'] = False
            ret['error'] = "郵箱格式錯誤"

        self.write(json.dumps(ret))

　發送郵箱驗證碼函數：

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import formataddr


def email(email_list, content, subject="抽屜新熱榜-用戶註冊"):  #email_list郵件列表，content郵件內容，subject：發送標題
    msg = MIMEText(content, 'plain', 'utf-8')
    msg['From'] = formataddr(["抽屜新熱榜",'wptawy@126.com'])
    msg['Subject'] = subject

    server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.126.com", 25) 郵箱引擎
    server.login("wptawy@126.com", "JUEmimima") #郵箱名，密碼
    server.sendmail('wptawy@126.com', email_list, msg.as_string())
    server.quit()

11、郵箱驗證碼之過時時間

案例：

html：

<a id="fetch_code" class="fetch-code" href="javascript:void(0);">獲取驗證碼</a>

js：

 function BindSendMsg(){
            $("#fetch_code").click(function(){
                $('#register_error_summary').empty();  #清空錯誤信息
                var email = $('#email').val(); #獲取郵箱地址
                if(email.trim().length == 0){  #判斷是否輸入郵箱
                    $('#register_error_summary').text('請輸入註冊郵箱');
                    return;
                }
                if($(this).hasClass('sending')){  #判斷是否已經發送
                    return; 
                }
                var ths = $(this);
                var time = 60; 設置倒計時時間爲60s

                $.ajax({
                    url: "/send_msg", 
                    type: 'POST',
                    data: {email: email},
                    dataType: 'json',
                    success: function(arg){
                        if(!arg.status){  #是否發送成功
                            $('#register_error_summary').text(arg.summary); #不成功顯示錯誤信息
                        }else{
                            ths.addClass('sending');      #成功後顯示已發送狀態
                            var interval = setInterval(function(){
                            ths.text("已發送(" + time + ")");
                            time -= 1;　　　　#定時器每運行一次，計數器減1
                            if(time <= 0){
                                clearInterval(interval); #一分鐘過完，清除定時器
                                ths.removeClass('sending');# 移除已發送狀態
                                ths.text("獲取驗證碼");# 恢復未發送狀態
                            }
                        }, 1000);#定時器每隔1s運行一次
                        }
                    }
                });

            });
        }

附：一些常見模塊：
1.隨機驗證碼獲取：

def random_code():
    code = ''
    for i in range(4):
        current = random.randrange(0,4)
        if current != i:
            temp = chr(random.randint(65,90))
        else:
            temp = random.randint(0,9)
        code += str(temp)
    return code

隨機驗證碼

2.md5加密

def generate_md5(value):
    r = str(time.time())
    obj = hashlib.md5(r.encode('utf-8'))
    obj.update(value.encode('utf-8'))
    return obj.hexdigest()

md5加密

12、分頁功能，該功能是基於tornado的自定義分頁功能

案例：

前端：

  <div class="pagination">
           {% raw str_page%}  #展現原生html
  </div>

url配置：

(r"/index/(?P<page>\d*)", IndexHandler),

分頁模塊：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-


class Pagination:
    def __init__(self, current_page, all_item):
        try:
            page = int(current_page)
        except:
            page = 1
        if page < 1:
            page = 1

        all_pager, c = divmod(all_item, 10)
        if c > 0:
            all_pager += 1

        self.current_page = page
        self.all_pager = all_pager

    @property
    def start(self):
        return (self.current_page - 1) * 10

    @property
    def end(self):
        return self.current_page * 10

    def string_pager(self, base_url="/index/"):
        list_page = []
        if self.all_pager < 11:
            s = 1
            t = self.all_pager + 1
        else:  # 總頁數大於11
            if self.current_page < 6:
                s = 1
                t = 12
            else:
                if (self.current_page + 5) < self.all_pager:
                    s = self.current_page - 5
                    t = self.current_page + 5 + 1
                else:
                    s = self.all_pager - 11
                    t = self.all_pager + 1
        # 首頁
        # first = '<a href="%s1">首頁</a>' % base_url
        # list_page.append(first)
        # 上一頁
        # 當前頁 page
        if self.current_page == 1:
            prev = '<a href="javascript:void(0);">上一頁</a>'
        else:
            prev = '<a href="%s%s">上一頁</a>' % (base_url, self.current_page - 1,)
        list_page.append(prev)

        for p in range(s, t):  # 1-11
            if p == self.current_page:
                temp = '<a class="active" href="%s%s">%s</a>' % (base_url,p, p)
            else:
                temp = '<a href="%s%s">%s</a>' % (base_url,p, p)
            list_page.append(temp)
        if self.current_page == self.all_pager:
            nex = '<a href="javascript:void(0);">下一頁</a>'
        else:
            nex = '<a href="%s%s">下一頁</a>' % (base_url, self.current_page + 1,)

        list_page.append(nex)

        # 尾頁
        last = '<a href="%s%s">尾頁</a>' % (base_url, self.all_pager,)
        list_page.append(last)

        # 跳轉
        jump = """<input type='text' /><a onclick="Jump('%s',this);">GO</a>""" % ('/index/', )
        script = """<script>
            function Jump(baseUrl,ths){
                var val = ths.previousElementSibling.value;
                if(val.trim().length>0){
                    location.href = baseUrl + val;
                }
            }
            </script>"""
        list_page.append(jump)
        list_page.append(script)
        str_page = "".join(list_page)
        return str_page

分頁模塊

注：Pagination實例化接收兩個參數：當前頁current_page、新聞總數all_item，其中current_page通常經過url分組元素直接獲取

 後臺handler：

class IndexHandler(BaseRequestHandler):
    def get(self, page=1):
        conn = ORM.session()  #獲取數據庫session對象
        all_count = conn.query(ORM.News).count()#計算新聞總數
        obj = Pagination(page, all_count)  #實例化pagination對象
        current_user_id = self.session['user_info']['nid'] if self.session['is_login'] else 0  #若是登錄獲取用戶id，不然，用戶id=0，下面的查詢結果也爲空
        result = conn.query(ORM.News.nid,
                            ORM.News.title,
                            ORM.News.url,
                            ORM.News.content,
                            ORM.News.ctime,
                            ORM.UserInfo.username,
                            ORM.NewsType.caption,
                            ORM.News.favor_count,
                            ORM.News.comment_count,
                            ORM.Favor.nid.label('has_favor')).join(ORM.NewsType, isouter=True).join(ORM.UserInfo, isouter=True).join(ORM.Favor, and_(ORM.Favor.user_info_id == current_user_id, ORM.News.nid == ORM.Favor.news_id), isouter=True)[obj.start:10] #從每頁開始向下取10條，即每頁顯示10條新聞
        conn.close()
        str_page = obj.string_pager('/index/') 獲取頁碼的字符串格式html
        self.render('home/index.html', str_page=str_page, news_list=result)

十3、頁面登錄驗證（裝飾器方式實現）

1.普通登錄驗證

def auth_login_redirect(func):

    def inner(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if not self.session['is_login']:
            self.redirect(config.LOGIN_URL)
            return
        func(self, *args, **kwargs)
    return inner

2.ajax提交數據的登錄驗證

def auth_login_json(func):

    def inner(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if not self.session['is_login']:
            rep = BaseResponse()
            rep.summary = "auth failed"
            self.write(json.dumps(rep.__dict__))
            return
        func(self, *args, **kwargs)
    return inner

十4、上傳文件

前端：

<form style="display: inline-block" id="upload_img_form" name="form" action="/upload_image" method="POST"  enctype="multipart/form-data" >
　　<a id="fakeFile" class="fake-file">
　　　　<span>上傳圖片</span>
　　　　<input type="file" name="img" onchange="UploadImage(this);"/>
　　　　<input type="text" name="url" class="hide" />
　　</a>
　　<iframe id='upload_img_iframe' name='upload_img_iframe' src=""  class="hide"></iframe>
</form>

　js：

 function UploadImage(ths){
            document.getElementById('upload_img_iframe').onload = UploadImageComplete;  #頁面加載完成後執行UploadImageComplete函數
            document.getElementById('upload_img_form').target = 'upload_img_iframe';  設置form提交到iframe
            document.getElementById('upload_img_form').submit(); #提交到iframe
        }

        /*
        上傳圖片以後回掉函數
        */
        function UploadImageComplete(){
            var origin = $("#upload_img_iframe").contents().find("body").text();#獲取圖片數據
            var obj = JSON.parse(origin); #轉換成JavaScript對象
            if(obj.status){  #若是上傳成功
                var img = document.createElement('img'); #建立img標籤
                img.src = obj.data; 圖片地址
                img.style.width = "200px";
                img.style.height = "180px";
                $("#upload_img_form").append(img);添加圖片
                $('#fakeFile').addClass('hide');
                $('#reUploadImage').removeClass('hide');
                $('#fakeFile').find('input[type="text"]').val(obj.data);#保存圖片地址到隱藏的input標籤中
            }else{
                alert(obj.summary);#不然顯示錯誤信息
            }
        }

路由配置：

(r"/upload_image", home.UploadImageHandler),

後臺handler：

class UploadImageHandler(BaseRequestHandler):
    @decrator.auth_login_json  #上傳前登錄驗證
    def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
        rep = BaseResponse() 前端迴應類
        try:
            file_metas = self.request.files["img"] 獲取圖片列表
            for meta in file_metas:
                file_name = meta['filename'] #圖片名
                file_path = os.path.join('statics', 'upload', commons.generate_md5(file_name)) #保存地址
                with open(file_path, 'wb') as up:
                    up.write(meta['body']) #在服務器寫入圖片
            rep.status = True #寫入成功
            rep.data = file_path 
        except Exception as ex:
            rep.summary = str(ex)#錯誤信息
        self.write(json.dumps(rep.__dict__)) #反饋給前端

十5、文章發佈

 

1.定義須要驗證的form類

class IndexForm(BaseForm):

    def __init__(self):
        self.title = StringField()  #標題
        self.content = StringField(required=False) 內容
        self.url = StringField(required=False)  圖片url
        self.news_type_id = IntegerField()   新聞類型

        super(IndexForm, self).__init__()

2.前端html：

<div class="f4">
　　<a class="submit right" id="submit_img">提交</a>
　　<span class="error-msg right"></span>
</div>

3.js

function BindPublishSubmit(){
            $('#submit_link,#submit_text,#submit_img').click(function(){ // 獲取輸入內容並提交 var container = $(this).parent().parent(); var post_dict = {}; container.find('input[type="text"],textarea').each(function(){ post_dict[$(this).attr('name')] =$(this).val(); }); post_dict['news_type_id'] = container.find('.news-type .active').attr('value'); $.ajax({ url: '/index', type: 'POST', data: post_dict, dataType: 'json', success: function (arg) { if(arg.status){ window.location.href = '/index'; }else{ console.log(arg); } } }) }); }

後臺handler：

@decrator.auth_login_json  #發佈前登錄驗證
    def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
        rep = BaseResponse()

        form = IndexForm()#實例化Indexform
        if form.valid(self):
            # title,content,href,news_type,user_info_id

#寫入數據庫
            input_dict = copy.deepcopy(form._value_dict)
            input_dict['ctime'] = datetime.datetime.now()
            input_dict['user_info_id'] = self.session['user_info']['nid']
            conn = ORM.session()
            conn.add(ORM.News(**input_dict))
            conn.commit()
            conn.close()
            rep.status = True #寫入成功
        else:
            rep.message = form._error_dict  #錯誤信息

        self.write(json.dumps(rep.__dict__))

十6、點贊功能

前端html：

<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="digg-a" title="推薦" onclick="DoFavor(this,{{item[0]}});">
　　{% if item[9] %} 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　#是否已點過贊
　　　　<span class="hand-icon icon-digg active"></span>
　　{% else %}
　　　　<span class="hand-icon icon-digg"></span>
　　{% end %}
　　 <b id="favor_count_{{item[0]}}">{{item[7]}}</b>  　　#點贊數量
</a>

js：

function DoFavor(ths, nid) {

            if($('#action_nav').attr('is-login') == 'true'){           #登錄狀態才能點贊
                $.ajax({
                    url: '/favor',
                    type: 'POST',
                    data: {news_id: nid},   #攜帶當前新聞id
                    dataType: 'json',
                    success: function(arg){
                        if(arg.status){
                            var $favorCount = $('#favor_count_'+nid);
                            var c = parseInt($favorCount.text());#獲取當前點贊數量
                            if(arg.code == 2301){  　　　　#當前用戶之前沒點過贊
                                $favorCount.text(c + 1);  #點贊數量加1
                                $(ths).find('span').addClass('active'); 已經點過贊變深顏色
                                AddFavorAnimation(ths); #+1動態效果
                            }else if(arg.code == 2302){ #該用戶之前對該新聞點過贊
                                $favorCount.text(c - 1); #點贊數量減1
                                $(ths).find('span').removeClass('active'); 取消點贊顏色變淺
                                MinusFavorAnimation(ths); #-1動態效果
                            }else{

                            }

                        }else{

                        }
                    }
                })
            }else{
                $('#accountDialog').removeClass('hide');
                $('.shadow').removeClass('hide');
            }
        }　

後臺handler：

class FavorHandler(BaseRequestHandler):

    @decrator.auth_login_json #點贊前登錄驗證
    def post(self, *args, **kwargs):
        rep = BaseResponse()

        news_id = self.get_argument('news_id', None) #獲取新聞id
        if not news_id:
            rep.summary = "新聞ID不能爲空."
        else:
            user_info_id = self.session['user_info']['nid']  #獲取當前用戶id
            conn = ORM.session()
　　　　　　#查詢當前用戶是否對該新聞點過贊
            has_favor = conn.query(ORM.Favor).filter(ORM.Favor.user_info_id == user_info_id,
                                                     ORM.Favor.news_id == news_id).count()
            if has_favor: 　　#若是已經點過贊，刪除數據庫點贊表favor點贊數據，更新數據庫新聞表news點贊數量-1
                conn.query(ORM.Favor).filter(ORM.Favor.user_info_id == user_info_id,
                                             ORM.Favor.news_id == news_id).delete()
                conn.query(ORM.News).filter(ORM.News.nid == news_id).update(
                    {"favor_count": ORM.News.favor_count - 1}, synchronize_session="evaluate")
                rep.code = StatusCodeEnum.FavorMinus　　　　#返回已經點過讚的狀態嗎
            else:
                conn.add(ORM.Favor(user_info_id=user_info_id, news_id=news_id, ctime=datetime.datetime.now()))
                conn.query(ORM.News).filter(ORM.News.nid == news_id).update(
                    {"favor_count": ORM.News.favor_count + 1}, synchronize_session="evaluate")
                rep.code = StatusCodeEnum.FavorPlus
            conn.commit()
            conn.close()

            rep.status = True 　　#操做成功

        self.write(json.dumps(rep.__dict__))　　#返回給前端

　　點贊+1和-1動態效果js：

/*
        點贊+1效果
         */
        function AddFavorAnimation(ths){
            var offsetTop = -10;
            var offsetLeft = 20;
            var fontSize = 24;
            var opacity = 1;
            var tag = document.createElement('i');
            tag.innerText = "+1";
            tag.style.position = 'absolute';
            tag.style.top = offsetTop + 'px';
            tag.style.left = offsetLeft + 'px';
            tag.style.fontSize = fontSize + "px";
            tag.style.color = "#5cb85c";
            $(ths).append(tag);

            var addInterval = setInterval(function(){
                    fontSize += 5;
                    offsetTop -= 15;
                    offsetLeft += 5;
                    opacity -= 0.1;
                    tag.style.top = offsetTop+ 'px';
                    tag.style.left = offsetLeft+ 'px';
                    tag.style.fontSize = fontSize + 'px';
                    tag.style.opacity = opacity;
                if(opacity <= 0.5){
                    tag.remove();
                    clearInterval(addInterval);
                }
            },40)
        }

點贊+1效果

 /*
        點贊-1效果
         */
        function MinusFavorAnimation(ths){
            var offsetTop = -10;
            var offsetLeft = 20;
            var fontSize = 24;
            var opacity = 1;
            var tag = document.createElement('i');
            tag.innerText = "-1";
            tag.style.position = 'absolute';
            tag.style.top = offsetTop + 'px';
            tag.style.left = offsetLeft + 'px';
            tag.style.fontSize = fontSize + "px";
            tag.style.color = "#787878";
            $(ths).append(tag);

            var addInterval = setInterval(function(){
                    fontSize += 5;
                    offsetTop -= 15;
                    offsetLeft += 5 ;
                    opacity -= 0.1;
                    tag.style.top = offsetTop+ 'px';
                    tag.style.left = offsetLeft+ 'px';
                    tag.style.fontSize = fontSize + 'px';
                    tag.style.opacity = opacity;
                if(opacity <= 0.5){
                    tag.remove();
                    clearInterval(addInterval);
                }
            },40)
        }

點贊-1效果

十7、評論功能

案例：

 前端html：

 <div class="box-r">
　　<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="pub-icons add-pub-btn add-pub-btn-unvalid" onclick="DoComment({{item[0]}})">評論</a>  #攜帶新聞id
　　<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="loading-ico loading-ico-top pub-loading-top hide">發佈中...</a>
</div>　

{% raw tree(comment_tree) %}

建立評論樹字典函數：

def build_tree(comment_list):

    comment_dic = collections.OrderedDict()

    for comment_obj in comment_list:
        if comment_obj[2] is None:
            # 若是是根評論，添加到comment_dic[評論對象] ＝ {}
            comment_dic[comment_obj] = collections.OrderedDict()
        else:
            # 若是是回覆的評論，則須要在 comment_dic 中找到其回覆的評論
            tree_search(comment_dic, comment_obj)
    return comment_dic

build_tree

遞歸生成評論樹函數：

def tree_search(d_dic, comment_obj):
    # 在comment_dic中一個一個的尋找其回覆的評論
    # 檢查當前評論的 reply_id 和 comment_dic中已有評論的nid是否相同，
    #   若是相同，表示就是回覆的此信息
    #   若是不一樣，則須要去 comment_dic 的全部子元素中尋找，一直找，若是一系列中未找，則繼續向下找
    for k, v_dic in d_dic.items():
        # 找回復的評論，將本身添加到其對應的字典中，例如： {評論一： {回覆一：{},回覆二：{}}}
        if k[0] == comment_obj[2]:
            d_dic[k][comment_obj] = collections.OrderedDict()
            return
        else:
            # 在當前第一個跟元素中遞歸的去尋找父親
            tree_search(d_dic[k], comment_obj)

tree_search

前端調用uimethod，生成評論html：

TEMP1 = """
<li class="items" style='padding:8px 0 0 %spx;'>
    <span class="folder" id='comment_folder_%s'>
        <div class="comment-L comment-L-top">
            <a href="#" class="icons zhan-ico"></a>
            <a href="/user/moyujian/submitted/1">
                <img src="/statics/images/1.jpg">
            </a>
        </div>
        <div class="comment-R comment-R-top" style="background-color: rgb(246, 246, 246);">
            <div class="pp">
                <a class="name" href="/user/moyujian/submitted/1">%s</a>
                <span class="p3">%s</span>
                <span class="into-time into-time-top">%s</span>
            </div>
            <div class="comment-line-top">
                <div class="comment-state">
                    <a class="ding" href="javascript:void(0);">
                        <b>頂</b>
                        <span class="ding-num">[0]</span>
                    </a>
                    <a class="cai" href="javascript:void(0);">
                        <b>踩</b>
                        <span class="cai-num">[0]</span>
                    </a>
                    <span class="line-huifu">|</span>
                    <a class="see-a jubao" href="javascript:void(0);">舉報</a>
                    <span class="line-huifu">|</span>
                    <a class="see-a huifu-a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="reply(%s,%s,'%s')"  id='comment_reply_%s' >回覆</a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </span>

"""
def tree(self, comment_dic):
    html = ''
    for k, v in comment_dic.items():
        html += TEMP1 %(0,k[0], k[3],k[1],k[4],k[7],k[0], k[3],k[0])
        html += generate_comment_html(v, 16)
        html += "</li>"

    return html

def generate_comment_html(sub_comment_dic, margin_left_val):
    # html = '<ul style="background: url(&quot;/statics/images/pinglun_line.gif&quot;) 0px -10px no-repeat scroll transparent;margin-left:3px;">'
    html = '<ul>'
    for k, v_dic in sub_comment_dic.items():
        html += TEMP1 %(margin_left_val,k[0], k[3],k[1],k[4],k[7],k[0], k[3],k[0])
        if v_dic:
            html += generate_comment_html(v_dic, margin_left_val)
        html += "</li>"
    html += "</ul>"
    return html

uimethod

後臺handler：

class CommentHandler(BaseRequestHandler):
    def get(self, *args, **kwargs): #展現評論信息 # comment_list須要按照時間從小到大排列 nid = self.get_argument('nid', 0) conn = ORM.session() comment_list = conn.query( ORM.Comment.nid, ORM.Comment.content, ORM.Comment.reply_id, ORM.UserInfo.username, ORM.Comment.ctime, ORM.Comment.up, ORM.Comment.down, ORM.Comment.news_id ).join(ORM.UserInfo, isouter=True).filter(ORM.Comment.news_id == nid).all() conn.close() """ comment_list = [ (1, '111',None), #評論id，評論內容，回覆id，若是是None，則表明回覆新聞 (2, '222',None), (3, '33',None), (9, '999',5), (4, '444',2), (5, '555',1), (6, '666',4), (7, '777',2), (8, '888',4), ] """ comment_tree = commons.build_tree(comment_list) #最終傳遞給前端的是一個字典 self.render('include/comment.html', comment_tree=comment_tree) @decrator.auth_login_json #提交評論前作登錄驗證 def post(self, *args, **kwargs): #提交評論信息 rep = BaseResponse() #前端反饋類 form = CommentForm() #評論的form驗證 if form.valid(self):　　#若是驗證成功 form._value_dict['ctime'] = datetime.datetime.now() #獲取當前時間 conn = ORM.session()　#獲取數據庫session對象
　　　　　　　#　將評論寫入數據庫 obj = ORM.Comment(user_info_id=self.session['user_info']['nid'], news_id=form._value_dict['news_id'], reply_id=form._value_dict['reply_id'], content=form._value_dict['content'], up=0, down=0, ctime=datetime.datetime.now()) conn.add(obj) conn.flush() conn.refresh(obj)　　#同時獲取評論的自增id rep.data = { 'user_info_id': self.session['user_info']['nid'], 'username': self.session['user_info']['username'], 'nid': obj.nid, 'news_id': obj.news_id, 'ctime': obj.ctime.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"), 'reply_id': obj.reply_id, 'content': obj.content, } 　　　　　　#更新數據庫的評論數量 conn.query(ORM.News).filter(ORM.News.nid == form._value_dict['news_id']).update( {"comment_count": ORM.News.comment_count + 1}, synchronize_session="evaluate") conn.commit() conn.close() rep.status = True　　#評論成功的狀態信息 else: rep.message = form._error_dict　　#錯誤信息 print(rep.__dict__) self.write(json.dumps(rep.__dict__)) #反饋給前端

js：

function DoComment(nid){
            var content = $("#comment_content_"+nid).val();
            var reply_id = $("#reply_id_"+nid).attr('target');

            if($('#action_nav').attr('is-login') == 'true'){　　#已經登陸才發ajax請求
                $.ajax({
                    url: '/comment',
                    type: 'POST',
                    data: {content: content, reply_id:reply_id, news_id: nid},#發送評論內容，回覆的評論id，新聞id
                    dataType: 'json',
                    success: function(arg){
                        // 獲取評論信息，將內容添加到指定位置
                        console.log(arg);
                        if(arg.status){
                            $('#comment_content_' + arg.data.news_id).val('');
                            var a = '<ul><li class="items" style="padding:8px 0 0 16px;"><span class="folder" id="comment_folder_';
                            var b = arg.data.nid;
                            var c = '"><div class="comment-L comment-L-top"><a href="#" class="icons zhan-ico"></a><a href="/user/moyujian/submitted/1"><img src="/statics/images/1.jpg"></a></div><div class="comment-R comment-R-top" style=""><div class="pp"><a class="name" href="/user/moyujian/submitted/1">';
                            var d = arg.data.username;
                            var e = '</a><span class="p3">';
                            var f = arg.data.content;
                            var g= '</span><span class="into-time into-time-top">';
                            var h = arg.data.ctime;
                            var i = '</span></div><div class="comment-line-top"><div class="comment-state"><a class="ding" href="javascript:void(0);"><b>頂</b><span class="ding-num">[0]</span></a><a class="cai" href="javascript:void(0);"><b>踩</b><span class="cai-num">[0]</span></a><span class="line-huifu">|</span> <a class="see-a jubao" href="javascript:void(0);">舉報</a> <span class="line-huifu">|</span> <a class="see-a huifu-a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="';
                            var j = "reply(" + arg.data.news_id + "," +arg.data.nid+",'"+arg.data.username+"')";
                            var k = '">回覆</a></div></div></div></span></li></ul>';
                            var tag = a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i+j+k;
                            console.log(arg,tag);
                            if(arg.data.reply_id){
                                $comment_folder = $('#comment_folder_' + arg.data.reply_id);
                                $comment_folder.after(tag);
                            }else{
                                $('#comment_list_'+arg.data.news_id).append(tag);
                            }


                        }else{
                            alert('error');
                        }
                    }
                })
            }else{
                $('#accountDialog').removeClass('hide');
                $('.shadow').removeClass('hide');
            }
        }

 　　總結：本博客是基於tornado實現的較完整版web開發項目，聚集了form驗證、點贊、評論等高級功能，歡迎你們參考並提出相關問題，本人會在看到的第一時間回覆，最後，若是您以爲本文對您有參考價值，歡迎推薦，謝謝！