在 Cendertron 安全動態爬蟲系列中咱們依次介紹了安全爬蟲的設計、爬蟲的集羣搭建,本篇則是討論有關於滑動驗證碼的繞過策略。javascript
本文采用的策略與代碼來自 How to bypass 「slider CAPTCHA」 with JS and Puppeteer 一文。前端
驗證是常見的反爬蟲策略之一,在如今的不少站點中咱們會引入滑動驗證的方式,來校驗訪問者的真實性。譬以下面著名的 jQuery 滑動插件:vue
在模擬登錄時,咱們每每須要繞過這樣的滑動驗證,而基於 Puppeteer 的動態爬蟲也給予了便利;每每咱們須要進行如下步驟:移動到滑條中間,按下鼠標,移動鼠標,釋放鼠標。java
const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');
async function run() {
const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
headless: false,
defaultViewport: { width: 1366, height: 768 }
});
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.goto('http://kthornbloom.com/slidetosubmit/');
await page.type('input[name="name"]', 'Puppeteer Bot');
await page.type('input[name="email"]', 'js@automation.com');
let sliderElement = await page.$('.slide-submit');
let slider = await sliderElement.boundingBox();
let sliderHandle = await page.$('.slide-submit-thumb');
let handle = await sliderHandle.boundingBox();
await page.mouse.move(
handle.x + handle.width / 2,
handle.y + handle.height / 2
);
await page.mouse.down();
await page.mouse.move(handle.x + slider.width, handle.y + handle.height / 2, {
steps: 10
});
await page.mouse.up();
await page.waitFor(3000);
// success!
await browser.close();
}
run();
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在實際的案例中,咱們能夠以淘寶的註冊界面爲例:python
const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');
async function run() {
const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
headless: false,
defaultViewport: { width: 1366, height: 768 }
});
const page = await browser.newPage();
await page.evaluateOnNewDocument(() => {
Object.defineProperty(navigator, 'webdriver', {
get: () => false
});
});
await page.goto('https://world.taobao.com/markets/all/sea/register');
let frame = page.frames()[1];
await frame.waitForSelector('.nc_iconfont.btn_slide');
const sliderElement = await frame.$('.slidetounlock');
const slider = await sliderElement.boundingBox();
const sliderHandle = await frame.$('.nc_iconfont.btn_slide');
const handle = await sliderHandle.boundingBox();
await page.mouse.move(
handle.x + handle.width / 2,
handle.y + handle.height / 2
);
await page.mouse.down();
await page.mouse.move(handle.x + slider.width, handle.y + handle.height / 2, {
steps: 50
});
await page.mouse.up();
await page.waitFor(3000);
// success!
await browser.close();
}
run();
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另外一種常見的滑塊則是以下這種拼圖性質的滑塊:git
const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');
const Rembrandt = require('rembrandt');
async function run() {
const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
headless: false,
defaultViewport: { width: 1366, height: 768 }
});
const page = await browser.newPage();
let originalImage = '';
await page.setRequestInterception(true);
page.on('request', request => request.continue());
page.on('response', async response => {
if (response.request().resourceType() === 'image')
originalImage = await response.buffer().catch(() => {});
});
await page.goto('https://monoplasty.github.io/vue-monoplasty-slide-verify/');
const sliderElement = await page.$('.slide-verify-slider');
const slider = await sliderElement.boundingBox();
const sliderHandle = await page.$('.slide-verify-slider-mask-item');
const handle = await sliderHandle.boundingBox();
let currentPosition = 0;
let bestSlider = {
position: 0,
difference: 100
};
await page.mouse.move(
handle.x + handle.width / 2,
handle.y + handle.height / 2
);
await page.mouse.down();
while (currentPosition < slider.width - handle.width / 2) {
await page.mouse.move(
handle.x + currentPosition,
handle.y + handle.height / 2 + Math.random() * 10 - 5
);
let sliderContainer = await page.$('.slide-verify');
let sliderImage = await sliderContainer.screenshot();
const rembrandt = new Rembrandt({
imageA: originalImage,
imageB: sliderImage,
thresholdType: Rembrandt.THRESHOLD_PERCENT
});
let result = await rembrandt.compare();
let difference = result.percentageDifference * 100;
if (difference < bestSlider.difference) {
bestSlider.difference = difference;
bestSlider.position = currentPosition;
}
currentPosition += 5;
}
await page.mouse.move(
handle.x + bestSlider.position,
handle.y + handle.height / 2,
{ steps: 10 }
);
await page.mouse.up();
await page.waitFor(3000);
// success!
await browser.close();
}
run();
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這裏咱們採用了簡單的圖片對比的方式,即在滑動過程當中,若是發現了有符合閾值的差別,則認爲是已經滑動成功。github
在 Cendertron 中,提供了一類特殊的 Slider Captcha Monkey,在傳入的 SpiderOption 中添加以下參數便可:web
export interface SpiderOption {
allowRedirect: boolean;
depth: number;
// 頁面插件
monkies?: {
sliderCaptcha: {
sliderElementSelector: string;
sliderHandleSelector: string;
};
};
}
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