學習SpringCloud Zuul帶你從0到1
1、爲何要使用網關
2、網關入門案例
1.建立項目
1.1 添加座標
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.luyi</groupId>
<artifactId>zuul-gateway</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>zuul-gateway</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.SR5</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
1,2 修改配置文件
spring.application.name=zuul-gateway server.port=9020 #設置服務註冊中心地址，向全部註冊中心作註冊 eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://user:123456@eureka1:8761/eureka/,http://user:123456@eureka2:8761/eureka/
1.3 修改啓動類
//開啓網關代理
@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
public class ZuulApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class, args);
}
}
1.4 經過網關請求服務
訪問：http://IP:網關端口號/請求的服務名/訪問的urlhtml
3、路由器的4種路由規則方法
1.建立項目
2.採用URL指定路由方式
2.1 修改配置文件
spring.application.name=zuul-gateway-route server.port=9030 #設置服務註冊中心地址，向全部註冊中心作註冊 eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://user:123456@eureka1:8761/eureka/,http://user:123456@eureka2:8761/eureka/ #1.路由指定:URL指定 #URL指定關鍵字，若是包含關鍵字就跳轉到指定的URL中 zuul.routes.ego-product-provider.path=/ego-product-provider/** zuul.routes.ego-product-provider.url=http://127.0.0.1:9001/
2.2 通配符含義
?：匹配任意單個字符java
*：匹配任意數量的任意字符，可是不能添加 / web
**：匹配任意數量的任意字符redis
3.採用服務指定路由方式
#2.路由指定:服務指定1 #將路徑的/suibian/引到 eureka的 ego-product-provider 服務上 #規則：zuul.routes.路徑名.path #規則：zuul.routes.路徑名.serviceId=eureka的服務名 #zuul.routes.ego-product-provider.path=/suibian/** #zuul.routes.ego-product-provider.service-id=ego-product-provider #3.路由指定:服務指定2 #zuul.routes後面跟着的是服務名，服務名後面跟着的是路徑規則，這種配置方式更簡單。 zuul.routes.ego-product-provider.path=/suibian/**
4.路由的排除法
#4.路由排除:排除某幾個服務 #排除後，這個地址將爲空， http://127.0.0.1:9030/ego-product-provider/product/findAll #多個服務使用逗號分開 #zuul.ignored-services=ego-product-provider #5.路由排除:排除全部服務 #因爲路由太多，不可能所有手動添加，故路由排除全部服務，而後針對要路由的服務進行手動添加 #zuul.ignored-services=* #zuul.routes.ego-product-provider=/ego-product-provider/** #6.路由排除:排除指定關鍵字的路徑 #排除全部包括/list/的路徑 #zuul.ignored-patterns=/**/findAll/** zuul.routes.ego-product-provider.path=/ego-product-provider/**
5.路由的添加前綴方法
#7.路由添加前綴:爲全部路徑添加前綴 #http://127.0.0.1:9030/ego-product-provider/product/findAll #必須改爲 #http://127.0.0.1:9030/api/suibian/product/findAll #zuul.prefix=/api zuul.routes.ego-product-provider.path=/suibian/**
4、自定義網關過濾器
1.編寫網關過濾器
1.1 建立項目
1.2 添加座標
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.luyi</groupId>
<artifactId>zuul-gateway-filter</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>zuul-gateway-filter</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.SR5</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
1.3 修改配置文件
spring.application.name=zuul-gateway-filter server.port=9020 #設置服務註冊中心地址，向全部註冊中心作註冊 eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://user:123456@eureka1:8761/eureka/,http://user:123456@eureka2:8761/eureka/
1.4 編寫filter
@Component
public class LogFilter extends ZuulFilter {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LogFilter.class);
/**
* 過濾器類型，經過過濾器類型決定了過濾器執行的時機
* @return
*/
@Override
public String filterType() {
//在路由以前執行
return "pre";
}
/**
* 過濾器的執行順序：經過返回的整數表示順序，數值越小優先級越高
* @return
*/
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return 0;
}
/**
* 是否開啓過濾器，默認爲false
* @return
*/
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
return true;
}
/**
* 過濾內容：在run方法中編寫過濾邏輯
* @return
*/
@Override
public Object run() {
//獲取請求上下文
RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
//獲取請求方式
HttpServletRequest request = requestContext.getRequest();
LOGGER.info("LogFilter...method={},url={}", request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString());
return null;
}
}
1.5 修改啓動類
//開啓網關代理
@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
public class ZuulApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class, args);
}
}
2.過濾器類型
3.Zuul請求的生命週期
4.採用網關過濾器實現權限驗證
需求：在網關過濾器中經過Token判斷用戶是否登陸
4.1 建立項目
4.2 添加座標
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.luyi</groupId>
<artifactId>zuul-gateway-example</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>zuul-gateway-example</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.SR5</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
4.3 修改配置文件
spring.application.name=zuul-gateway-example server.port=9020 #設置服務註冊中心地址，向全部註冊中心作註冊 eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://user:123456@eureka1:8761/eureka/,http://user:123456@eureka2:8761/eureka/
4.4 建立AccessFilter
/**
* 登陸權限驗證
*/
@Component
public class AccessFilter extends ZuulFilter {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AccessFilter.class);
/**
* 過濾器類型，經過過濾器類型決定了過濾器執行的時機
* @return
*/
@Override
public String filterType() {
//在路由以前執行
return "pre";
}
/**
* 過濾器的執行順序：經過返回的整數表示順序，數值越小優先級越高
* @return
*/
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return 0;
}
/**
* 是否開啓過濾器，默認爲false
* @return
*/
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
return true;
}
/**
* 過濾內容：在run方法中編寫過濾邏輯
* @return
*/
@Override
public Object run() {
//獲取請求上下文
RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
//獲取請求方式
HttpServletRequest request = requestContext.getRequest();
LOGGER.info("------------------pre1------------------------");
//獲取表單中的token
String token = request.getParameter("token");
//對token作判斷
if (token == null){
LOGGER.warn("token is null.");
requestContext.setSendZuulResponse(false); //表明請求結束，再也不繼續向下請求
//表示沒有token
requestContext.setResponseStatusCode(401);
//響應內容
requestContext.setResponseBody("{'result':'token is null.'}");
//響應類型
requestContext.getResponse().setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
}else{
//訪問redis服務進行驗證
LOGGER.info("token is ok.");
}
return null;
}
}
5.網關過濾器執行順序與post類型演示
5.1 網關過濾器執行順序演示
AccessFilterspring
/**
* 執行順序演示
*/
@Component
public class AccessFilter extends ZuulFilter {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AccessFilter.class);
/**
* 過濾器類型，經過過濾器類型決定了過濾器執行的時機
* @return
*/
@Override
public String filterType() {
//在路由以前執行
return "pre";
}
/**
* 過濾器的執行順序：經過返回的整數表示順序，數值越小優先級越高
* @return
*/
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return 0;
}
/**
* 是否開啓過濾器，默認爲false
* @return
*/
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
return true;
}
/**
* 過濾內容：在run方法中編寫過濾邏輯
* @return
*/
@Override
public Object run() {
//獲取請求上下文
RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
//獲取請求方式
HttpServletRequest request = requestContext.getRequest();
LOGGER.info("------------------pre1------------------------");
//獲取表單中的token
String token = request.getParameter("token");
//對token作判斷
if (token == null){
LOGGER.warn("token is null.");
requestContext.setSendZuulResponse(false); //表明請求結束，再也不繼續向下請求
//表示沒有token
requestContext.setResponseStatusCode(401);
//響應內容
requestContext.setResponseBody("{'result':'token is null.'}");
//響應類型
requestContext.getResponse().setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
}else{
//訪問redis服務進行驗證
LOGGER.info("token is ok.");
}
return null;
}
}
AccessFilter2apache
/**
* 執行順序演示
*/
@Component
public class AccessFilter2 extends ZuulFilter {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AccessFilter2.class);
/**
* 過濾器類型，經過過濾器類型決定了過濾器執行的時機
* @return
*/
@Override
public String filterType() {
//在路由以前執行
return "pre";
}
/**
* 過濾器的執行順序：經過返回的整數表示順序，數值越小優先級越高
* @return
*/
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return 1;
}
/**
* 是否開啓過濾器，默認爲false
* @return
*/
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
return true;
}
/**
* 過濾內容：在run方法中編寫過濾邏輯
* @return
*/
@Override
public Object run() {
//獲取請求上下文
RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
//獲取請求方式
HttpServletRequest request = requestContext.getRequest();
LOGGER.info("------------------pre2------------------------");
return null;
}
}
5.2 post類型演示
/**
* post類型演示
*/
@Component
public class PostFilter extends ZuulFilter {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PostFilter.class);
/**
* 過濾器類型，經過過濾器類型決定了過濾器執行的時機
* @return
*/
@Override
public String filterType() {
return "post";
}
/**
* 過濾器的執行順序：經過返回的整數表示順序，數值越小優先級越高
* @return
*/
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return 0;
}
/**
* 是否開啓過濾器，默認爲false
* @return
*/
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
return true;
}
/**
* 過濾內容：在run方法中編寫過濾邏輯
* @return
*/
@Override
public Object run() {
//獲取請求上下文
RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
//獲取請求方式
HttpServletRequest request = requestContext.getRequest();
LOGGER.info("------------------post------------------------");
return null;
}
}
6.採用網關過濾器對異常進行統一處理
6.1 建立 ErrorFilter
/**
* error類型演示
*/
@Component
public class ErrorFilter extends ZuulFilter {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ErrorFilter.class);
/**
* 過濾器類型，經過過濾器類型決定了過濾器執行的時機
* @return
*/
@Override
public String filterType() {
return "error";
}
/**
* 過濾器的執行順序：經過返回的整數表示順序，數值越小優先級越高
* @return
*/
@Override
public int filterOrder() {
return 1;
}
/**
* 是否開啓過濾器，默認爲false
* @return
*/
@Override
public boolean shouldFilter() {
return true;
}
/**
* 過濾內容：在run方法中編寫過濾邏輯
* @return
*/
@Override
public Object run() {
//獲取請求上下文
RequestContext requestContext = RequestContext.getCurrentContext();
//獲取請求方式
HttpServletRequest request = requestContext.getRequest();
LOGGER.info("------------------error------------------------");
return null;
}
}
6.2 建立ExceptionHandler
/**
* 對異常響應內容處理
*/
@RestController
public class ExceptionHandler implements ErrorController {
@Override
public String getErrorPath() {
return "/error";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "error")
public String error(){
return "{'result':'500 error'}";
}
}
5、網關容錯
1.zuul和hystrix無縫結合
在zuul的jar包中包含了hystrix的jar包。因此咱們不須要在項目中添加hystrix的座標。json
2.訪問網關服務的數據監控流
3.啓動dashboard-view服務監控健康情況
4.在網關中實現對服務的降級處理
4.1 建立項目
4.2 添加座標
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.luyi</groupId>
<artifactId>zuul-gateway-fallback</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>zuul-gateway-fallback</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.SR5</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
4.3 修改配置文件
spring.application.name=zuul-gateway-fallback server.port=9020 #設置服務註冊中心地址，向全部註冊中心作註冊 eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://user:123456@eureka1:8761/eureka/,http://user:123456@eureka2:8761/eureka/
4.4 添加ProductFallbackProvider類
/**
* 對Product-Provider作降級處理
*/
@Component
public class ProductFallbackProvider implements ZuulFallbackProvider {
/**
* 給定對哪一個服務作降級處理
* @return
*/
@Override
public String getRoute() {
//指定作降級的服務名
return "ego-product-provider";
}
/**
* 服務沒法執行時，該方法返回託底內容
* @return
*/
@Override
public ClientHttpResponse fallbackResponse() {
return new ClientHttpResponse() {
/**
* ClientHttpResponse的fallback的狀態碼，HttpStatus類型
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
@Override
public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException {
return HttpStatus.OK;
}
/**
* ClientHttpResponse的fallback的狀態碼，int類型
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
@Override
public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException {
return getStatusCode().value();
}
/**
* ClientHttpResponse的fallback的狀態碼，String類型
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
@Override
public String getStatusText() throws IOException {
return getStatusCode().getReasonPhrase();
}
/**
* 關閉響應
*/
@Override
public void close() {
}
/**
* 獲取響應體
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
@Override
public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
String content = "商品服務不可用，請與管理員聯繫";
return new ByteArrayInputStream(content.getBytes());
}
/**
* 獲取響應頭
* @return
*/
@Override
public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
MediaType mediaType = new MediaType("application", "json", Charset.forName("utf-8"));
httpHeaders.setContentType(mediaType);
return httpHeaders;
}
};
}
}
6、在高併發狀況下網關實現限流達到自我保護
1.建立項目
2.添加座標
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.luyi</groupId>
<artifactId>zuul-gateway-ratelimit</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>zuul-gateway-ratelimit</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.SR5</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.marcosbarbero.cloud/spring-cloud-zuul-ratelimit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.marcosbarbero.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-zuul-ratelimit</artifactId>
<version>1.5.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.修改配置文件
3.1 全侷限流
spring.application.name=zuul-gateway-ratelimit server.port=9020 #設置服務註冊中心地址，向全部註冊中心作註冊 eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://user:123456@eureka1:8761/eureka/,http://user:123456@eureka2:8761/eureka/ zuul.routes.ego-product-provider.path=/product/** zuul.routes.ego-product-provider.service-id=ego-product-provider #全局配置限流 zuul.ratelimit.enabled=true #60s內超過3次請求服務端就拋出異常，60s後能夠恢復正常請求 zuul.ratelimit.default-policy.limit=3 zuul.ratelimit.default-policy.refresh-interval=60 #針對IP進行限流，不影響其餘IP zuul.ratelimit.default-policy.type=origin
3.2 測試
3.3 局部限流
spring.application.name=zuul-gateway-ratelimit server.port=9020 #設置服務註冊中心地址，向全部註冊中心作註冊 eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://user:123456@eureka1:8761/eureka/,http://user:123456@eureka2:8761/eureka/ zuul.routes.ego-product-provider.path=/product/** zuul.routes.ego-product-provider.service-id=ego-product-provider #全局配置限流 #zuul.ratelimit.enabled=true ##60s內超過3次請求服務端就拋出異常，60s後能夠恢復正常請求 #zuul.ratelimit.default-policy.limit=3 #zuul.ratelimit.default-policy.refresh-interval=60 ##針對IP進行限流，不影響其餘IP #zuul.ratelimit.default-policy.type=origin #局部限流，針對某個服務進行限流 zuul.ratelimit.enabled=true #60s內超過3次請求服務端就拋出異常，60s後能夠恢復正常請求 zuul.ratelimit.policies.ego-product-provider.limit=3 zuul.ratelimit.policies.ego-product-provider.refresh-interval=60 #針對IP進行限流，不影響其餘IP zuul.ratelimit.policies.ego-product-provider.type=origin
4.網關限流參數
7、zuul性能調優：網關的2層超時調優
1.建立項目
2.添加座標
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.luyi</groupId>
<artifactId>zuul-gateway-timeout</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>zuul-gateway-timeout</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.SR5</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3.修改配置文件
spring.application.name=zuul-gateway-timeout server.port=9020 #設置服務註冊中心地址，向全部註冊中心作註冊 eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://user:123456@eureka1:8761/eureka/,http://user:123456@eureka2:8761/eureka/ #第一層hystrix超時時間設置 hystrix.command.default.execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds=8000 #第二層ribbon超時時間設置，設置的比第一層小 #鏈接超時時間，默認5s ribbon.ConnectTimeout=5000 #請求處理的超時時間，默認5s ribbon.ReadTimeout=5000
4.超時調優圖解
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