Linux下Python獲取IP地址

《lnmp一鍵安裝包》中須要獲取ip地址，有2種狀況：若是服務器只有私網地址沒有公網地址，這個時候獲取的IP（即私網地址）不能用來判斷服務器的位置，因而取其網關地址用來判斷服務器在國內仍是國外（腳本爲了使國內用戶快速下載，yum源自動設置成163，這個狀況就須要獲取網關地址）；若是服務器有公網地址，這時獲取的IP地址可用來直接判斷服務器地理位置。

獲取服務器IP，若是有公網地址就取公網地址，沒有公網地址就取私網網址
下面是以前我用shell來獲取本地IP腳本：

IP=`ifconfig | grep 'inet addr:' | cut -d: -f2 | grep -v ^10\. | grep -v ^192\.168 | grep -v ^172\. | \
grep -v ^127\. | awk '{print  $1}' | awk '{print;exit}'`

[ ! -n "$IP" ] && IP=`ifconfig | grep 'inet addr:' | cut -d: -f2 | grep -v ^127\. | \
awk '{print  $1}' | awk '{print;exit}'`

Python版：get_local_ip.py：

#!/usr/bin/env python
import socket
def Get_local_ip():
    """
    Returns the actual ip of the local machine.
    This code figures out what source address would be used if some traffic
    were to be sent out to some well known address on the Internet. In this
    case, a Google DNS server is used, but the specific address does not
    matter much.  No traffic is actually sent.
    """
    try:
        csock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
        csock.connect(('8.8.8.8', 80))
        (addr, port) = csock.getsockname()
        csock.close()
        return addr
    except socket.error:
        return "127.0.0.1"

if __name__ == "__main__":
    local_IP = Get_local_ip() 
    print local_IP

有公網地址直接獲取，沒有公網地址就獲取網關地址（用於判斷IP地址的地理位置）：get_public_ip.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
import re,urllib2
class Get_public_ip:
    def getip(self):
        try:
            myip = self.visit("http://www.whereismyip.com/")
        except:
            try:
                myip = self.visit("http://www.ip138.com/ip2city.asp")
            except:
                myip = "So sorry!!!"
        return myip
    def visit(self,url):
        opener = urllib2.urlopen(url)
        if url == opener.geturl():
            str = opener.read()
        return re.search('\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+',str).group(0)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    getmyip = Get_public_ip()
    print getmyip.getip()

判斷服務器IP地理位置： get_ip_area.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
try:
    import sys,urllib2,json
    apiurl = "http://ip.taobao.com/service/getIpInfo.php?ip=%s" % sys.argv[1] 
    content = urllib2.urlopen(apiurl).read()
    data = json.loads(content)['data']
    code = json.loads(content)['code']
    if code == 0:
        print data['country_id']
    else:
        print data
except:
    print "Usage:%s IP" % sys.argv[0]

原文：http://blog.linuxeye.com/371.html