Django入門

時間 2020-06-09

標籤 django 入門欄目 Python 简体版

原文原文鏈接

Django入門css

學習了第一章《跟老齊學Python Django實戰》齊偉編著html

1，建立項目
django-admin startproject mysite
或者PyCharm新建DJango項目

2，與項目交互
python manage.py 回車，能夠看到交互的內容

python manage.py startserver   # 啓動程序
修改端口
python manage.py startserver 9999

3，建立應用
python manage.py startapp blog
或者django-admin startapp blog

4，修改settings.py
添加應用 'blog',
修改編碼 zh-hans

5，添加blog/models.py中的內容

from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class BlogArticles(models.Model):
	title = models.CharField(max_length=300)
	author = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name="blog_posts")
	body = models.TextField()
	publish = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)

	class Meta:
		ordering = ("-publish",)

	def __str__(self):
		return self.title

須要pip install pytz 來使用timezone

6，根據模型進行數據庫遷移
python manage.py makemigrations       # 數據庫遷移準備

python manage.py sqlmigrate blog 0001  # 查看sql語句

python manage.py migrate              # 進行遷移

7，建立超級用戶
python manage.py createsuperuser

進行啓動測試；

8，修改 blog/admin.py

from .models import BlogArticles

admin.site.register(BlogArticles)

進行啓動測試；

9，修改 blog/admin.py增長效果

from .models import BlogArticles

class BlogArticlesAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
	list_display = ("title", "author", "publish")
	list_filter = ("publish","author")
	search_fields = ("title","body")
	raw_id_fields = ("author",)
	date_hierarchy = "publish"
	ordering = ['publish', 'author']

admin.site.register(BlogArticles, BlogArticlesAdmin)

10，修改 blog/views.py，增長視圖函數

from .models import BlogArticles

def blog_title(request):
	blogs = BlogArticles.objects.all()
	return render(request, "blog/titles.html", {"blogs":blogs})

11，編寫模板頁面，注意文件須要存儲爲utf-8格式；
templates/base.html 
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
<head>
	<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge">
	<meta charset="utf-8">
	<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-with, initial-scale=1">
	<title>{%block title%}{%endblock%}</title>
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://necolas.github.io/normalize.css/">
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css">
</head>
<body>
	<div class="container">
		{%block content%}
		{%endblock%}
	</div>
	<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.js"></script>
	<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>

</html>
templates/blog/index.html  # 必須加個blog文件夾，不然不一樣app下面的index.html頁面會重複

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}blog titles{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div class="row text-center vertical-middle-sm">
	<h1>個人博客</h1>
</div>
<div class="row">
	<div class="col-xs-12 col-md-8">
		<ul>
		{% for blog in blogs %}
			<li>{{blog.title}}</li>
		{% endfor %}
		</ul>
	</div>
	<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">
		<h2>廣告</h2>
		<p>跟老齊學：www.itdiffer.com</p>
		<img width="200px" src="http://www.mrwallpaper.com/wallpapers/Fluffy-Cat.jpg">
	</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}


12，修改urls.py，引入blog.urls
from django.conf.urls import url, include

	url(r'^blog/',include('blog.urls', namespace='blog', app_name='blog')),

13，修改titles.html，增長文件詳情標籤
<li><a href="{{blog.id}}">{{blog.title}}</a></li>

14，增長詳情模板blog/content.html
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block title %}blog article{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<div class="row text-center vertical-middle-sm">
	<h1>{{article.title}}</h1>
</div>
<div class="row">
	<div class="col-xs-12 col-md-8">
		<p class="text-center"><span>{{article.author.username}}</span><span style="margin-left:20px">{{publish}}</span></p>
		<div>{{article.body}}</div>
	</div>
	<div class="col-xs-6 col-md-4">
		<h2>廣告</h2>
		<p>跟老齊學：www.itdiffer.com</p>
		<img width="200px" src="http://www.mrwallpaper.com/wallpapers/Fluffy-Cat.jpg">
	</div>
</div>
{% endblock %}

15，修改urls.py，引入content.html
	url(r'(?P<article_id>\d)/$', views.blog_article, name="blog_detail")

16，在views.py中引入get_object_or_404
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
修改獲取對象的方法：
article = BlogArticles.objects.get(id=article_id) 修改成
article = get_object_or_404(BlogArticles, id=article_id)

1. Django入門
2. Django入門(二)
3. Django入門(五)
4. django rest_framework入門
5. django入門
6. django——入門5
7. Django入門一
8. Django+pycharm入門
9. django——入門2
10. Django入門（1）
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