==========================================================================================mysql
1、基礎介紹linux
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1、背景描述github
目前咱們的高可用DB的代理層採用的是360開源的Atlas,從上線以來,已穩定運行2個多月。不管是從性能上,仍是穩定性上,相比其餘開源組件(amoeba、cobar、MaxScale、MySQL-Proxy等),仍是很出色的。sql
當初咱們之因此選擇Atlas,主要看中它有如下優勢:bootstrap
(1)、基於mysql-proxy-0.8.2進行修改,代碼徹底開源;vim
(2)、比較輕量級,部署配置也比較簡單;安全
(3)、支持DB讀寫分離;bash
(4)、支持從DB讀負載均衡,並自動剔除故障從DB;網絡
(5)、支持平滑上下線DB;
(6)、具有較好的安全機制(IP過濾、帳號認證);
(7)、版本更新、問題跟進、交流圈子都比較活躍。
在測試期間以及線上問題排查過程當中,獲得了360 Atlas做者朱超的熱心解答,在此表示感謝。有關更多Atlas的介紹,我就不一一例舉,能夠參考如下連接:
https://github.com/Qihoo360/Atlas/blob/master/README_ZH.md
2、整體架構圖
3、系統環境
CentOS 6.3 x86_64
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2、安裝部署
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1、需注意的地方
(1)、本次安裝不使用系統默認的glib庫,以前的yum安裝只是爲了先解決依賴庫的問題;
(2)、LUA庫的版本不能過高,爲5.1.x便可;
(3)、glib庫的版本也不能過高,爲glib-2.32.x便可;
(4)、對於編譯不成功的狀況,注意查看下面的說明。
2、GLIB依賴的基礎庫安裝
# yum -y install *glib*
3、LUA庫安裝
http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/ncurses/ncurses-5.9.tar.gz
# tar xvzf ncurses-5.9.tar.gz
# cd ncurses-5.9
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install
ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/readline/readline-6.2.tar.gz
# tar xvzf readline-6.2.tar.gz
# cd readline-6.2
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install
http://www.lua.org/ftp/lua-5.1.5.tar.gz
# tar xvzf lua-5.1.5.tar.gz
# cd lua-5.1.5
# make linux install
注意:
修改當前目錄下的「Makefile」中的 INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local爲 INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local/lua
主要是爲了不與系統自帶的lua庫發生衝突的可能
在「src/Makefile」文件中加入「-lncurses」,完整內容以下:
linux:
$(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E -ldl -lncurses -lreadline"
4、GLIB庫安裝
ftp://sourceware.org/pub/libffi/libffi-3.0.13.tar.gz
# tar xvzf libffi-3.0.13.tar.gz
# cd libffi-3.0.13
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install
http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
# tar xvzf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
# cd libiconv-1.14
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install
http://tukaani.org/xz/xz-5.0.5.tar.gz
# tar xvzf xz-5.0.5.tar.gz
# cd xz-5.0.5
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install
# /sbin/ldconfig
http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/glib/2.32/glib-2.32.4.tar.xz
# xz -d glib-2.32.4.tar.xz
# tar -xvf glib-2.32.4.tar
# cd glib-2.32.4
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/glib-2.32.4 \
--with-libiconv=/usr/local \
LIBFFI_CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/include" \
LIBFFI_LIBS="-L/usr/local/lib -lffi"
# make && make install
注意:編譯報錯處理
(1)、configure階段
# vim ./glib/gconvert.c
註釋掉第26、28行的內容
註釋掉從61行到67行的內容
# vim ./configure
在7880行之上添加以下內容:
found_iconv=yes
(2)、make階段
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libffi-3.0.13/include/ffi.h /usr/local/include
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libffi-3.0.13/include/ffitarget.h /usr/local/include
glib庫須要安裝在單獨的目錄「/usr/local/glib-2.32.4」,也是爲了不與系統自帶的glib庫發生衝突的可能
5、Atlas安裝
(1)、其餘基礎組件安裝
https://github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz
# tar xvzf libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz
# cd libevent-2.0.21-stable
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install
http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1h.tar.gz
# tar xvzf openssl-1.0.1h.tar.gz
# cd openssl-1.0.1h
# ./config shared --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install
(2)、MySQL安裝(無需啓動)
http://wwwNaNake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz
# tar -xvzf cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz
# cd cmake-2.8.10.2
# ./bootstrap --prefix=/usr/local
# gmake --jobs=`grep processor /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l`
# gmake install
http://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.5.24.tar.gz
# tar -xvzf mysql-5.5.24.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.5.24
# rm-f CMakeCache.txt
# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/run/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/dbdata/data \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306
# make --jobs=`grep processor /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l`
# make install
(3)、DB中間件安裝
https://github.com/Qihoo360/Atlas/archive/2.2.1.tar.gz
# tar xvzf Atlas-2.2.1.tar.gz
# cd Atlas-2.2.1
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql-proxy \
--with-lua=/usr/local/lua \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
GLIB_CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/glib-2.32.4/include/glib-2.0" \
GLIB_LIBS="-L/usr/local/glib-2.32.4/lib/glib-2.0 -lglib-2.0" \
GMODULE_CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/glib-2.32.4/include" \
GMODULE_LIBS="-L/usr/local/glib-2.32.4/lib -lgmodule-2.0" \
GTHREAD_CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/glib-2.32.4/include" \
GTHREAD_LIBS="-L/usr/local/glib-2.32.4/lib -lgthread-2.0" \
LUA_CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/lua/include" \
LUA_LIBS="-L/usr/local/lua/lib -llua-5.1" \
CFLAGS="-DHAVE_LUA_H -O2" \
LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/lib64 -lm -ldl -lcrypto"
# make && make install
注意:
編譯報錯處理
# ln -s /usr/local/glib-2.32.4/lib/glib-2.0/include/glibconfig.h /usr/local/glib-2.32.4/include/glib-2.0
# cd /usr/local
# mv mysql-proxy atlas-2.2.1 && ln -s atlas-2.2.1 mysql-proxy
6、DB中間層配置
(1)、主配置
# vim /usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/mysql-proxy.cnf
[mysql-proxy] admin-username = sysadmin admin-password = admin2356!@() proxy-backend-addresses = 10.222.5.224:3306 proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 10.240.95.107:3306,10.240.95.108:3306 pwds = health_check1:/iZxz+0GRoA=,health_check2:/iZxz+0GRoA= daemon = true keepalive = true event-threads = 16 log-level = message log-path = /usr/local/mysql-proxy/log sql-log = ON proxy-address = 0.0.0.0:3306 admin-address = 10.209.6.101:3307 charset = utf8
(2)、啓動腳本
# vim /etc/init.d/mysql-proxy
#!/bin/sh # # mysql-proxy This script starts and stops the mysql-proxy daemon # # chkconfig: - 78 30 # processname: mysql-proxy # description: mysql-proxy is a proxy daemon to mysql # config: /usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/mysql-proxy.cnf # pidfile: /usr/local/mysql-proxy/log/mysql-proxy.pid # PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin DAEMON="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy" CONFIGFILE="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/mysql-proxy.cnf" PIDFILE="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/log/mysql-proxy.pid" LOCKFILE="/var/lock/subsys/mysql-proxy" PROG=`basename $DAEMON` RETVAL=0 start() { echo -n $"Starting ${PROG}......" [ -x $DAEMON ] || exit 5 [ -f $CONFIGFILE ] || exit 6 ${DAEMON} --defaults-file=${CONFIGFILE} || echo -n "${PROG} already running" RETVAL=$? echo [[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]] && touch $LOCKFILE return $RETVAL } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping ${PROG}......" if [[ `ps aux | grep bin/mysql-proxy | grep -v grep | wc -l` -gt 0 ]]; then kill -TERM `ps -A -oppid,pid,cmd | grep bin/mysql-proxy | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}'` fi RETVAL=$? echo [[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]] && rm -f $LOCKFILE $PIDFILE return $RETVAL } restart() { stop sleep 1 start } case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; restart) restart ;; condrestart) [[ -e $LOCKFILE ]] && restart ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart}" RETVAL=1 ;; esac exit $RETVAL
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql-proxy
# chmod 0660 /usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/mysql-proxy.cnf
# service mysql-proxy start
# ps aux | grep mysql-prox[y]
7、Atlas高可用【Keepalived】環境安裝
http://rpm5.org/files/popt/popt-1.14.tar.gz
# tar xvzf popt-1.14.tar.gz
# cd popt-1.14
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install
http://www.carisma.slowglass.com/~tgr/libnl/files/libnl-3.2.24.tar.gz
# tar xvzf libnl-3.2.24.tar.gz
# cd libnl-3.2.24
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
# make && make install
# ln -s /usr/local/include/libnl3/netlink /usr/local/include
# /sbin/ldconfig
http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.10.tar.gz
# tar xvzf keepalived-1.2.10.tar.gz
# cd keepalived-1.2.10
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
# make && make install
# ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin
# ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig
# ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d
# chkconfig --add keepalived
8、Atlas高可用【Keepalived】配置
# mkdir –p /etc/keepalived /data/scripts
(1)、主節點配置
# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs { notification_email { lovezym5@126.com } notification_email_from lovezym5@126.com smtp_server 127.0.0.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id dbproxy1 } vrrp_script chk_mysql_proxy_health { script "/data/scripts/keepalived_check_mysql_proxy.sh" interval 1 weight -2 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER interface eth1 virtual_router_id 51 priority 100 advert_int 1 smtp_alert authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 123456 } virtual_ipaddress { 10.209.6.115 } track_script { chk_mysql_proxy_health } notify_master "/data/scripts/notify.sh master" notify_bakcup "/data/scripts/notify.sh backup" notify_fault "/data/scripts/notify.sh fault" }
(2)、備用節點配置
# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
global_defs { notification_email { lovezym5@126.com } notification_email_from lovezym5@126.com smtp_server 127.0.0.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id dbproxy2 } vrrp_script chk_mysql_proxy_health { script "/data/scripts/keepalived_check_mysql_proxy.sh" interval 1 weight -2 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP interface eth1 virtual_router_id 51 priority 90 advert_int 1 smtp_alert authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 123456 } virtual_ipaddress { 10.209.6.115 } track_script { chk_mysql_proxy_health } notify_master "/data/scripts/notify.sh master" notify_bakcup "/data/scripts/notify.sh backup" notify_fault "/data/scripts/notify.sh fault" }
(3)、VIP切換通知腳本
# vim /data/scripts/notify.sh
#!/bin/sh PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin KEEPALIVE_CONF="/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf" VIP=`grep -A 1 virtual_ipaddress ${KEEPALIVE_CONF} | tail -1 | sed 's/\t//g; s/ //g'` ETH1_ADDR=`/sbin/ifconfig eth1 | awk '/inet addr:/{print $2}' | awk -F: '{print $2}'` MONITOR="/usr/local/oms/agent/alarm/BusMonitorAgent" TOKEN="ha_monitor" function notify() { TITLE="$ETH1_ADDR to be $1: $VIP floating" CONTENT="vrrp transition, $ETH1_ADDR changed to be $1" ${MONITOR} -c 2 -f ${TOKEN} -t "${TITLE}" -i "${CONTENT}" } case "$1" in master) notify master exit 0 ;; backup) notify backup exit 0 ;; fault) notify fault exit 0 ;; *) echo 'Usage: `basename $0` {master|backup|fault}' exit 1 ;; esac
(4)、DB中間層進程檢查腳本
# vim /data/scripts/keepalived_check_mysql_proxy.sh
#!/bin/sh PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin if [[ `pgrep mysql-proxy | wc -l` -eq 0 ]]; then /sbin/service mysql-proxy start && sleep 5 [[ -z `pgrep mysql-proxy` ]] && /sbin/service keepalived stop fi
# chmod +x /data/scripts/*.sh
# service keepalived start
# ip addr show eth1
# ps aux | grep keepalive[d]
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3、其餘設置
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1、Atlas服務監控
# vim /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/check_service.sh
#!/bin/sh PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin [[ $# -ne 3 ]] && echo "$0 端口號 協議類型 服務名" && exit 1 SRV_PORT=$1 ## 端口號 SRV_PROT=$2 ## 協議類型 SRV_NAME=$3 ## 服務名 MONITOR="/usr/local/oms/agent/alarm/BusMonitorAgent" TOKEN="ha_monitor" TITLE="${SRV_NAME}服務異常監控" CONTENT="${SRV_NAME}服務發生異常,已自動拉起!" ## 是否已正確掃描 SCAN_FLAG=0 function RESTART_SRV_AND_ALERT() { local CUR_SRV_NAME [[ $# -ne 1 ]] && exit 1 CUR_SRV_NAME=$1 TMP_SRV_NAME=`echo ${CUR_SRV_NAME} | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'` [[ ! -f /etc/init.d/${TMP_SRV_NAME} ]] && TMP_SRV_NAME="${TMP_SRV_NAME}d" killall -9 ${TMP_SRV_NAME} if [[ -z `ps aux | grep ${TMP_SRV_NAME} | grep -v grep` ]]; then /sbin/service ${TMP_SRV_NAME} start >/dev/null 2>&1 fi ${MONITOR} -c 2 -f ${TOKEN} -t "${TITLE}" -i "${CONTENT}" rm -f `pwd`/connect_error.log } ETH1_ADDR=`/sbin/ifconfig eth1 | awk -F ':' '/inet addr/{print $2}' | sed 's/[a-zA-Z ]//g'` TMP_SRV_PROT=`echo ${SRV_PROT} | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]'` if [[ "${TMP_SRV_PROT}" == "tcp" ]]; then PROT_OPT="S" elif [[ "${TMP_SRV_PROT}" == "udp" ]]; then PROT_OPT="U" else echo "未知的協議類型!" && exit 1 fi ## 最多掃描3次,成功一次便可,以免網絡抖動而致使誤判 for ((i=0; i<3; i++)); do RETVAL=`/usr/bin/nmap -n -s${PROT_OPT} -p ${SRV_PORT} ${ETH1_ADDR} | grep open` [[ -n "${RETVAL}" ]] && SCAN_FLAG=1;break || sleep 10 done ## 一、針對Atlas服務端口不通的狀況,也就是服務完全掛掉 [[ ${SCAN_FLAG} -ne 1 ]] && RESTART_SRV_AND_ALERT ${SRV_NAME} ## 二、檢查Atlas服務是否正常工做,也就是服務端口正常,但訪問異常的狀況【高權限DB用戶】 mysqladmin -h${ETH1_ADDR} -uhealth_check1 -p123456 --connect-timeout=15 --shutdown-timeout=15 ping [[ $? -ne 0 ]] && RESTART_SRV_AND_ALERT ${SRV_NAME} ## 三、檢查Atlas服務是否正常工做,也就是服務端口正常,高權限DB用戶訪問也正常,但低權限 ## DB用戶訪問異常的狀況【低權限DB用戶】 mysqladmin -h${ETH1_ADDR} -uhealth_check2 -p123456 --connect-timeout=15 --shutdown-timeout=15 ping [[ $? -ne 0 ]] && RESTART_SRV_AND_ALERT ${SRV_NAME}
2、Atlas訪問日誌切割
# vim /data/scripts/cut_and_clear_access_log.sh
#!/bin/sh # 切割Atlas的訪問日誌,同時清理15天以前的日誌 # PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin ## mysql-proxy日誌路徑 LOGPATH="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/log" [[ `/sbin/ip addr show eth1 | grep inet | wc -l` -eq 2 ]] || exit 1 cd ${LOGPATH} ## 日誌切割 HISTORY_LOG_PATH=`date -d '-1 hour' +"%Y-%m-%d/sql_mysql-proxy_%H.log"` [[ -d `dirname ${HISTORY_LOG_PATH}` ]] || mkdir -p `dirname ${HISTORY_LOG_PATH}` cp -a sql_mysql-proxy.log ${HISTORY_LOG_PATH} echo > sql_mysql-proxy.log ## 日誌清理 HISTORY_LOG_PATH=`date -d '15 days ago' +'%Y-%m-%d'` [[ -d ${HISTORY_LOG_PATH} ]] && rm -rf ${HISTORY_LOG_PATH}
3、crontab內容添加
# touch /var/lock/check_service.lock
# echo 'touch /var/lock/check_service.lock' >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
# crontab -uroot -e
* * * * * (flock --timeout=0 /var/lock/check_service.lock /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/check_service.sh 3306 tcp mysql-proxy >/dev/null 2>&1) 00 * * * * /data/scripts/cut_and_clear_access_log.sh >/dev/null 2>&1
4、平滑設置功能
# mysql -h10.209.6.101 -P3307 -usysadmin -p'admin2356!@()'