隨筆6_tww

一、自建yum倉庫,分別爲網絡源和本地源php

(1)啓動服務html

查看是否安裝了autofs包linux

[22:09:27 root@CentOS7 /run/media/centos7.6/CentOS 7 x86_64]#rpm -q autofs
autofs-5.0.7-99.el7.x86_64
apache

包中有一個autofs.servic服務vim

[21:56:41 root@CentOS7 ~]#rpm -ql autofs  |grep .*service
/usr/lib/systemd/system/autofs.servic
centos

啓動autofs.servic服務,會多一個/misc文件夾bash

[21:56:55 root@CentOS7 ~]#systemctl start autofs     (該方法啓動,從新啓動後/misc沒法查看到,因此需使用下面該命令網絡

[21:59:42 root@CentOS7 /misc]#systemctl enable autofsapp

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/autofs.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/autofs.service.dom

[22:14:47 root@CentOS7 /]#ls
bin   data  etc   lib    media  mnt  opt   root  sbin  sys  usr
boot  dev   home  lib64  misc   net  proc  run   srv   tmp  var

(2)查看misc目錄
[22:25:32 root@CentOS7 /]#cd /misc
[22:25:36 root@CentOS7 /misc]#ls

上面直接查看/misc目錄中沒有任何內容,先進入/misc/cd中再次查看會多一個cd目錄
[22:25:37 root@CentOS7 /misc]#cd /misc/cd
[22:26:37 root@CentOS7 /misc/cd]#cd /misc
[22:26:56 root@CentOS7 /misc]#ls
cd

此時cd目錄中的內容
[22:28:18 root@CentOS7 /misc]#
ls cd/

CentOS_BuildTag EULA images LiveOS repodata RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
EFI GPL isolinux Packages RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 TRANS.TBL

此時光盤是掛接在:/misc/cd

[22:28:25 root@CentOS7 /misc]#df /dev/sr0
F
ilesystem     1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sr0         4480476 4480476         0 100% /misc/cd

(3)以 /misc/cd 做爲yum的路徑

查看yum的配置文件

[22:41:39 root@CentOS7 /etc/yum.repos.d]#cat /etc/yum.conf 

[main]
cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever
keepcache=0
debuglevel=2
logfile=/var/log/yum.log
exactarch=1
obsoletes=1
gpgcheck=1
plugins=1
installonly_limit=5
bugtracker_url=http://bugs.centos.org/set_project.php?project_id=23&ref=http://bugs.centos.org/bug_report_page.php?category=yum
distroverpkg=centos-release
[22:42:24 root@CentOS7 /etc/yum.repos.d]#ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Media.repo    CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo    CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo

原有的repo作一個備份

[22:50:08 root@CentOS7 /etc/yum.repos.d]#mkdir bak;mv *.repo bak/

本身建一個repo文件
[22:50:59 root@CentOS7 /etc/yum.repos.d]#vim base.repo

[base]
name = tao base
baseurl = file:///misc/cd  #(本地源,以光盤做爲yum源)
gpgcheck=0      

配置一個epel源

[epel]
name= aliyun epel
baseurl=
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/$basearch/ #(網絡源)
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

[23:02:49 root@CentOS7 /etc/yum.repos.d]#cat base.repo 

[base]
name = tao base
baseurl = file:///misc/cd
gpgcheck=0
[epel]
name= aliyun epel
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

(4)查看

[23:04:16 root@CentOS7 /etc/yum.repos.d]#yum repolist

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
base                                           | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
Not using downloaded base/repomd.xml because it is older than what we have:
  Current   : Wed Apr 22 07:37:50 2020
  Downloaded: Mon Nov 26 07:53:36 2018
epel                                           | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
(1/3): epel/7/x86_64/group_gz                              |  95 kB  00:00:00     
(2/3): epel/7/x86_64/updateinfo                             | 1.0 MB  00:00:01     
(3/3): epel/7/x86_64/primary_db                             | 6.8 MB  00:00:02     
repo id                                 repo name              status
base                                   tao base               10,070
epel/7/x86_64                               aliyun epel             13,382
repolist: 23,452



二、編譯安裝http2.4,實現能夠正常訪問,並將編譯步驟和結果提交。

下載及解壓:

[22:24:36 root@CentOS7 /data]#wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz

[23:28:15 root@CentOS7 /data]#tar xvf httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz
查看解壓文件:

[23:33:06 root@CentOS7 /data/httpd-2.4.25]#ls

ABOUT_APACHE    ap.d      CHANGES      docs     httpd.spec    libhttpd.dep   Makefile.win       README                    srclib
acinclude.m4     build     CMakeLists.txt   emacs-style  include      libhttpd.dsp   modules               README.cmake         support
Apache-apr2.dsw   BuildAll.dsp  config.layout    httpd.dep   INSTALL      libhttpd.mak   NOTICE                 README.platforms   test
Apache.dsw      BuildBin.dsp  configure     httpd.dsp   InstallBin.dsp  LICENSE      NWGNUmakefile  ROADMAP                 VERSIONING
apache_probes.d   buildconf   configure.in    httpd.mak   LAYOUT      Makefile.in    os                          server

       能夠經過README ;INSTALL查看安裝方法

       configure的安裝;參考Makefile.in 用腳本configure 生成Makefile文件

       configure 安裝注意 :
           1.安裝路徑要指定

           2.哪些特性須要啓用,哪些特性不須要啓用

 安裝步驟:

1./configure --prefix=PREFIX
2.make
3.make install
4.PREFIX/bin/apachectl start

執行安裝操做

1.[23:59:19 root@CentOS7 /data/httpd-2.4.25]#./configure \
--prefix=/apps/httpd24 \
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpdt \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-so
checking for chosen layout... Apache
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep
checking for egrep... /usr/bin/grep -E
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
configure:
configure: Configuring Apache Portable Runtime library...
configure:
checking for APR... no
configure: error: APR not found.  Please read the documentation.

執行上面命令,出現報錯,解決該錯誤方法:通常安裝:名字+」-devel」的包便可,對於上面的報錯,即安裝:APR-devel包

會涉及安裝的包以下所示:

yum install gcc

yum install apr-devel -y

yum install apr-util-devel  -y

yum install pcre-devel -y

yum install openssl-devel -y

安裝完全部的包後,執行第一步的命令

2.make -j 4

3.make install

4.測試是否安裝成功

1)可在安裝目錄中直接運行aparchctl start

[13:05:28 root@CentOS7 ~]#. /apps/httpd24/bin/apachectl start

2)或者寫入變量當中這種方法,當從新電腦啓動後,服務是沒法自動啓動的

[09:58:12 root@CentOS7 /etc/profile.d]#vim env.sh
[09:59:05 root@CentOS7 /etc/profile.d]#. env.sh
[09:59:16 root@CentOS7 /etc/profile.d]#echo $PATH
/apps/httpd24/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
[09:59:22 root@CentOS7 /etc/profile.d]#apachectl start
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using CentOS7.6.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message

讓apachectl服務開機時自動啓動

(1)[13:17:50 root@CentOS7 ~]#vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local

在rc.local中加入如下內容(以下圖所示,前面的路徑是在--prefix=/apps/httpd24中設置的路徑
/apps/httpd24/bin/apachectl start

image
(2)還需加上執行權限
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

 

在網頁中輸入ip地址,如能顯示,則表示安裝成功

 

image

能夠在index.html中修改顯示內容:

image

 


三、建立一個2G的文件系統,塊大小爲2048byte,預留1%可用空間,文件系統 ext4,卷標爲TEST,要求此分區開機後自動掛載至/test目錄,且默認有acl掛載選項

1).查看硬盤

[00:00:45 root@CentOS7 ~]#lsblk

NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0  200G  0 disk
├─sda1   8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0  100G  0 part /
├─sda3   8:3    0   50G  0 part /data
├─sda4   8:4    0    1K  0 part
└─sda5   8:5    0    2G  0 part [SWAP]
sdb      8:16   0   20G  0 disk
sr0     11:0    1  4.3G  0

此處以sdb硬盤進行實驗

2).對sdb分一個2G的分區

[00:01:51 root@CentOS7 ~]#fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xc849f931.

Command (m for help): n     ( n:建立一個分區)
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p):
p   
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039):
+2G
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w    ( w:保存退出)
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

 

[00:08:24 root@CentOS7 ~]#lsblk  /dev/sdb
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb      8:16   0  20G  0 disk
└─sdb1   8:17   0   2G  0 part

 

3).建立文件系統

[10:24:22 root@CentOS7 ~]#mkfs.ext4 -b 2048 -m 1 -L TEST /dev/sdb1

[10:26:25 root@CentOS7 ~]#blkid /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="TEST" UUID="9ef4eb89-c0ae-443f-bb53-2bbaa169ab47" TYPE="ext4"

配置文件/etc/fstab中加入如下代碼

UUID=9ef4eb89-c0ae-443f-bb53-2bbaa169ab47 /test                   ext4    acl             0 0

[10:48:07 root@CentOS7 /test]#mkdir /test

[10:48:07 root@CentOS7 /test]#mount –a

查看

[10:50:13 root@CentOS7 /test]#df /dev/sdb1
Filesystem     1K-blocks  Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1        1998538  9236   1960140   1% /test

image

四、建立一個至少有兩個PV組成的大小爲20G的名爲testvg的VG;要求PE大小 爲16MB, 然後在卷組中建立大小爲5G的邏輯卷testlv;掛載至/users目錄

查看磁盤狀況

[20:37:13 root@CentOS7 ~]#lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0  200G  0 disk
├─sda1   8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0  100G  0 part /
├─sda3   8:3    0   50G  0 part /data
├─sda4   8:4    0    1K  0 part
└─sda5   8:5    0    2G  0 part [SWAP]
sdb      8:16   0   20G  0 disk
├─sdb1   8:17   0    2G  0 part /test
└─
sdb2   8:18   0   18G  0 part
sdc      8:32   0  100G  0 disk
└─
sdc1   8:33   0    2G  0 part
sr0     11:0    1  4.3G  0 rom 

以sdb2和sdc1做爲pv

 1).建立物理卷
建立

[20:44:10 root@CentOS7 ~]#pvcreate  /dev/sd{b2,c1}
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.
  Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created.

查看

[20:44:49 root@CentOS7 ~]#pvs
  PV         VG Fmt  Attr PSize   PFree 
  /dev/sdb2     lvm2 ---  <18.00g <18.00g
  /dev/sdc1     lvm2 ---    2.00g   2.00g

2).建立卷組

 建立

[20:51:26 root@CentOS7 ~]#vgcreate  testvg /dev/sd{b2,c1}  -s 16M
  Volume group "testvg" successfully created
查看

image

3).建立邏輯卷

 建立

[20:54:11 root@CentOS7 ~]#lvcreate -n testlv -L 5G testvg
  Logical volume "testlv" created.

查看

image

4.建立文件系統

[21:18:51 root@CentOS7 ~]#mkfs.xfs /dev/testvg/testlv
5掛載

[21:23:02 root@CentOS7 ~]#mkdir /users ;mount /dev/testvg/testlv   /usrs/

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