在filter中能夠獲得表明用戶請求和響應的request、response對象,所以在編程中可使用Decorator(裝飾器)模式對request、response對象進行包裝,再把包裝對象傳給目標資源,從而實現一些特殊需求。javascript
當某個對象的方法不適應業務需求時,一般有2種方式能夠對方法進行加強:css
在閻宏博士的《JAVA與模式》一書中開頭是這樣描述裝飾(Decorator)模式的:裝飾模式又名包裝(Wrapper)模式。裝飾模式以對客戶端透明的方式擴展對象的功能,是繼承關係的一個替代方案。裝飾模式是在沒必要改變原類文件和使用繼承的狀況下,動態的擴展一個對象的功能。它是經過建立一個包裝對象,也就是裝飾來包裹真實的對象。html
那麼在實際應用中遇到需加強對象的方法時,到底選用哪一種方式比較好呢?這個沒有具體的定式,只能是根據具體的需求來採用具體的方式,不過有一種狀況下,必須使用Decorator設計模式:即被加強的對象,開發人員只能獲得它的對象,沒法獲得它的class文件。好比request、response對象,開發人員之因此在servlet中能經過sun公司定義的HttpServletRequest\response接口去操做這些對象,是由於Tomcat服務器廠商編寫了request、response接口的實現類。web服務器在調用servlet時,會用這些接口的實現類建立出對象,而後傳遞給servlet程序。此種狀況下,因爲開發人員根本不知道服務器廠商編寫的request、response接口的實現類是哪一個?在程序中只能拿到服務器廠商提供的對象,所以就只能採用Decorator設計模式對這些對象進行加強。java
1.首先看須要被加強對象繼承了什麼接口或父類,編寫一個類也去繼承這些接口或父類。
2.在類中定義一個變量,變量類型即需加強對象的類型。
3.在類中定義一個構造函數,接收需加強的對象。
4.覆蓋需加強的方法,編寫加強的代碼。web
Servlet API 中提供了一個request對象的Decorator設計模式的默認實現類HttpServletRequestWrapper,HttpServletRequestWrapper 類實現了request 接口中的全部方法,但這些方法的內部實現都是僅僅調用了一下所包裝的的 request 對象的對應方法,以免用戶在對request對象進行加強時須要實現request接口中的全部方法。數據庫
編寫一個用於處理中文亂碼的過濾器CharacterEncodingFilter,代碼以下:編程
1 package me.gacl.web.filter; 2 3 import java.io.IOException; 4 5 import javax.servlet.Filter; 6 import javax.servlet.FilterChain; 7 import javax.servlet.FilterConfig; 8 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 9 import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; 10 import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; 11 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 12 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper; 13 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 14 15 /** 16 * @ClassName: CharacterEncodingFilter 17 * @Description: 此過濾器用來解決解決get、post請求方式下的中文亂碼問題 18 * @author: 孤傲蒼狼 19 * @date: 2014-8-31 下午11:09:37 20 * 21 */ 22 public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter { 23 24 private FilterConfig filterConfig = null; 25 //設置默認的字符編碼 26 private String defaultCharset = "UTF-8"; 27 28 public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, 29 FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { 30 31 HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req; 32 HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) resp; 33 //獲得在web.xml中配置的字符編碼 34 String charset = filterConfig.getInitParameter("charset"); 35 if(charset==null){ 36 charset = defaultCharset; 37 } 38 request.setCharacterEncoding(charset); 39 response.setCharacterEncoding(charset); 40 response.setContentType("text/html;charset="+charset); 41 42 MyCharacterEncodingRequest requestWrapper = new MyCharacterEncodingRequest(request); 43 chain.doFilter(requestWrapper, response); 44 } 45 46 public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { 47 //獲得過濾器的初始化配置信息 48 this.filterConfig = filterConfig; 49 } 50 51 public void destroy() { 52 53 } 54 } 55 56 /** 57 * @ClassName: MyCharacterEncodingRequest 58 * @Description: Servlet API中提供了一個request對象的Decorator設計模式的默認實現類HttpServletRequestWrapper, 59 * (HttpServletRequestWrapper類實現了request接口中的全部方法,但這些方法的內部實現都是僅僅調用了一下所包裝的的 request對象的對應方法) 60 * 以免用戶在對request對象進行加強時須要實現request接口中的全部方法。 61 * 因此當須要加強request對象時,只須要寫一個類繼承HttpServletRequestWrapper類,而後在重寫須要加強的方法便可 62 * @author: 孤傲蒼狼 63 * @date: 2014-9-2 下午10:42:57 64 * 1.實現與被加強對象相同的接口 65 二、定義一個變量記住被加強對象 66 三、定義一個構造函數,接收被加強對象 67 四、覆蓋須要加強的方法 68 五、對於不想加強的方法,直接調用被加強對象(目標對象)的方法 69 */ 70 class MyCharacterEncodingRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper{ 71 //定義一個變量記住被加強對象(request對象是須要被加強的對象) 72 private HttpServletRequest request; 73 //定義一個構造函數,接收被加強對象 74 public MyCharacterEncodingRequest(HttpServletRequest request) { 75 super(request); 76 this.request = request; 77 } 78 /* 覆蓋須要加強的getParameter方法 79 * @see javax.servlet.ServletRequestWrapper#getParameter(java.lang.String) 80 */ 81 @Override 82 public String getParameter(String name) { 83 try{ 84 //獲取參數的值 85 String value= this.request.getParameter(name); 86 if(value==null){ 87 return null; 88 } 89 //若是不是以get方式提交數據的,就直接返回獲取到的值 90 if(!this.request.getMethod().equalsIgnoreCase("get")) { 91 return value; 92 }else{ 93 //若是是以get方式提交數據的,就對獲取到的值進行轉碼處理 94 value = new String(value.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),this.request.getCharacterEncoding()); 95 return value; 96 } 97 }catch (Exception e) { 98 throw new RuntimeException(e); 99 } 100 } 101 }
在web.xml文件中配置CharacterEncodingFilter設計模式
1 <!--配置字符過濾器,解決get、post請求方式下的中文亂碼問題--> 2 <filter> 3 <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> 4 <filter-class>me.gacl.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> 5 </filter> 6 7 <filter-mapping> 8 <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> 9 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 10 </filter-mapping>
編寫jsp測試頁面,以下:數組
1 <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 2 <%--引入jstl標籤庫 --%> 3 <%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%> 4 <!DOCTYPE HTML> 5 <html> 6 <head> 7 <title>使用字符過濾器解決解決get、post請求方式下的中文亂碼問題</title> 8 </head> 9 10 <body> 11 <%--使用c:url標籤構建url,構建好的url存儲在servletDemo1變量中--%> 12 <c:url value="/servlet/ServletDemo1" scope="page" var="servletDemo1"> 13 <%--構建的url的附帶的中文參數 ,參數名是:username,值是:孤傲蒼狼--%> 14 <c:param name="username" value="孤傲蒼狼"></c:param> 15 </c:url> 16 <%--使用get的方式訪問 --%> 17 <a href="${servletDemo1}">超連接(get方式請求)</a> 18 <hr/> 19 <%--使用post方式提交表單 --%> 20 <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/ServletDemo1" method="post"> 21 用戶名:<input type="text" name="username" value="孤傲蒼狼" /> 22 <input type="submit" value="post方式提交"> 23 </form> 24 25 </body> 26 </html>
編寫處理用戶請求的ServletDemo1瀏覽器
1 package me.gacl.web.controller; 2 3 import java.io.IOException; 4 import java.io.PrintWriter; 5 6 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 9 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 10 11 public class ServletDemo1 extends HttpServlet { 12 13 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 14 throws ServletException, IOException { 15 //接收參數 16 String username = request.getParameter("username"); 17 //獲取請求方式 18 String method = request.getMethod(); 19 //獲取輸出流 20 PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); 21 out.write("請求的方式:"+method); 22 out.write("<br/>"); 23 out.write("接收到的參數:"+username); 24 } 25 26 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 27 throws ServletException, IOException { 28 doGet(request, response); 29 } 30 31 }
測試結果以下:
從運行結果中能夠看到,不管是get請求方式仍是post請求方式,中文亂碼問題均可以完美解決了。
編寫一個html轉義過濾器,代碼以下:
1 package me.gacl.web.filter; 2 3 import java.io.IOException; 4 5 import javax.servlet.Filter; 6 import javax.servlet.FilterChain; 7 import javax.servlet.FilterConfig; 8 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 9 import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; 10 import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; 11 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 12 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper; 13 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 14 15 /** 16 * @ClassName: HtmlFilter 17 * @Description: html轉義過濾器 18 * @author: 孤傲蒼狼 19 * @date: 2014-9-2 下午11:28:41 20 * 21 */ 22 public class HtmlFilter implements Filter { 23 24 public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, 25 FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { 26 27 HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req; 28 HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) resp; 29 30 MyHtmlRequest myrequest = new MyHtmlRequest(request); 31 chain.doFilter(myrequest, response); 32 33 } 34 35 36 public void destroy() { 37 38 } 39 40 41 public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { 42 43 } 44 } 45 46 /** 47 * @ClassName: MyHtmlRequest 48 * @Description: 使用Decorator模式包裝request對象,實現html標籤轉義功能 49 * @author: 孤傲蒼狼 50 * @date: 2014-9-2 下午11:29:09 51 * 52 */ 53 class MyHtmlRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper { 54 55 private HttpServletRequest request; 56 57 public MyHtmlRequest(HttpServletRequest request) { 58 super(request); 59 this.request = request; 60 } 61 62 /* 覆蓋須要加強的getParameter方法 63 * @see javax.servlet.ServletRequestWrapper#getParameter(java.lang.String) 64 */ 65 @Override 66 public String getParameter(String name) { 67 String value = this.request.getParameter(name); 68 if (value == null) { 69 return null; 70 } 71 //調用filter轉義value中的html標籤 72 return filter(value); 73 } 74 75 /** 76 * @Method: filter 77 * @Description: 過濾內容中的html標籤 78 * @Anthor:孤傲蒼狼 79 * @param message 80 * @return 81 */ 82 public String filter(String message) { 83 if (message == null){ 84 return null; 85 } 86 char content[] = new char[message.length()]; 87 message.getChars(0, message.length(), content, 0); 88 StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer(content.length + 50); 89 for (int i = 0; i < content.length; i++) { 90 switch (content[i]) { 91 case '<': 92 result.append("<"); 93 break; 94 case '>': 95 result.append(">"); 96 break; 97 case '&': 98 result.append("&"); 99 break; 100 case '"': 101 result.append("""); 102 break; 103 default: 104 result.append(content[i]); 105 } 106 } 107 return result.toString(); 108 } 109 }
在web.xml文件中配置HtmlFilter
1 <!--配置Html過濾器,轉義內容中的html標籤--> 2 <filter> 3 <filter-name>HtmlFilter</filter-name> 4 <filter-class>me.gacl.web.filter.HtmlFilter</filter-class> 5 </filter> 6 7 <filter-mapping> 8 <filter-name>HtmlFilter</filter-name> 9 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 10 </filter-mapping>
編寫jsp測試頁面,以下:
1 <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 2 <!DOCTYPE HTML> 3 <html> 4 <head> 5 <title>html過濾器測試</title> 6 </head> 7 8 <body> 9 <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/servlet/ServletDemo2" method="post"> 10 留言: 11 <textarea rows="8" cols="70" name="message"> 12 <script type="text/javascript"> 13 while(true){ 14 alert("死循環了,我會不停地彈出了"); 15 } 16 </script> 17 <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com">訪問博客園</a> 18 </textarea> 19 <input type="submit" value="發表"> 20 </form> 21 </body> 22 </html>
編寫處理用戶請求的ServletDemo2
1 package me.gacl.web.controller; 2 3 import java.io.IOException; 4 5 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 6 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 9 10 public class ServletDemo2 extends HttpServlet { 11 12 public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 13 throws ServletException, IOException { 14 //獲取用戶輸入的內容 15 String message = request.getParameter("message"); 16 response.getWriter().write("您上次的留言是:<br/>" + message); 17 } 18 19 public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 20 throws ServletException, IOException { 21 doGet(request, response); 22 } 23 }
測試結果以下:
從運行結果中能夠看到,全部的html標籤都被轉義輸出了。
編寫一個敏感字符過濾器,代碼以下:
1 package me.gacl.web.filter; 2 3 import java.io.BufferedReader; 4 import java.io.IOException; 5 import java.io.InputStream; 6 import java.io.InputStreamReader; 7 import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; 8 import java.util.ArrayList; 9 import java.util.List; 10 import javax.servlet.Filter; 11 import javax.servlet.FilterChain; 12 import javax.servlet.FilterConfig; 13 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 14 import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; 15 import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; 16 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 17 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper; 18 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 19 20 /** 21 * @ClassName: DirtyFilter 22 * @Description: 敏感詞過濾器 23 * @author: 孤傲蒼狼 24 * @date: 2014-9-6 上午10:43:11 25 * 26 */ 27 public class DirtyFilter implements Filter { 28 29 private FilterConfig config = null; 30 31 @Override 32 public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { 33 this.config = filterConfig; 34 } 35 36 @Override 37 public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, 38 FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { 39 40 HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req; 41 HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) resp; 42 DirtyRequest dirtyrequest = new DirtyRequest(request); 43 44 chain.doFilter(dirtyrequest, response); 45 } 46 47 @Override 48 public void destroy() { 49 50 } 51 52 /** 53 * @Method: getDirtyWords 54 * @Description: 獲取敏感字符 55 * @Anthor:孤傲蒼狼 56 * 57 * @return 58 */ 59 private List<String> getDirtyWords(){ 60 List<String> dirtyWords = new ArrayList<String>(); 61 String dirtyWordPath = config.getInitParameter("dirtyWord"); 62 InputStream inputStream = config.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream(dirtyWordPath); 63 InputStreamReader is = null; 64 try { 65 is = new InputStreamReader(inputStream,"UTF-8"); 66 } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e2) { 67 e2.printStackTrace(); 68 } 69 BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(is); 70 String line; 71 try { 72 while ((line = reader.readLine())!= null) {//若是 line爲空說明讀完了 73 dirtyWords.add(line); 74 } 75 } catch (IOException e) { 76 e.printStackTrace(); 77 } 78 return dirtyWords; 79 } 80 81 /** 82 * @ClassName: DirtyRequest 83 * @Description: 使用Decorator模式包裝request對象,實現敏感字符過濾功能 84 * @author: 孤傲蒼狼 85 * @date: 2014-9-6 上午11:56:35 86 * 87 */ 88 class DirtyRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper{ 89 90 private List<String> dirtyWords = getDirtyWords(); 91 private HttpServletRequest request; 92 public DirtyRequest(HttpServletRequest request) { 93 super(request); 94 this.request = request; 95 } 96 /* 重寫getParameter方法,實現對敏感字符的過濾 97 * @see javax.servlet.ServletRequestWrapper#getParameter(java.lang.String) 98 */ 99 @Override 100 public String getParameter(String name) { 101 102 String value = this.request.getParameter(name); 103 if(value==null){ 104 return null; 105 } 106 107 for(String dirtyWord : dirtyWords){ 108 if(value.contains(dirtyWord)){ 109 System.out.println("內容中包含敏感詞:"+dirtyWord+",將會被替換成****"); 110 //替換敏感字符 111 value = value.replace(dirtyWord, "****"); 112 } 113 } 114 return value; 115 } 116 } 117 }
在web.xml文件中配置DirtyFilter
1 <!--配置敏感字符過濾器--> 2 <filter> 3 <filter-name>DirtyFilter</filter-name> 4 <filter-class>me.gacl.web.filter.DirtyFilter</filter-class> 5 <!-- 配置要過濾的敏感字符文件 --> 6 <init-param> 7 <param-name>dirtyWord</param-name> 8 <param-value>/WEB-INF/DirtyWord.txt</param-value> 9 </init-param> 10 </filter> 11 12 <filter-mapping> 13 <filter-name>DirtyFilter</filter-name> 14 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 15 </filter-mapping>
當用戶填寫的內容包含一些敏感字符時,在DirtyFilter過濾器中就會將這些敏感字符替換掉。
咱們若是將上述的CharacterEncodingFilter、HtmlFilter、DirtyFilter這三個過濾器聯合起來使用,那麼就至關因而把request對象包裝了3次,request對象的getParameter方法通過3次重寫,使得getParameter方法的功能大大加強,能夠同時解決中文亂碼,html標籤轉義,敏感字符過濾這些需求。
在實際開發中徹底能夠將上述的三個過濾器合併成一個,讓合併後的過濾器具備解決中文亂碼,html標籤轉義,敏感字符過濾這些功能,例如:
1 package me.gacl.web.filter; 2 3 import java.io.BufferedReader; 4 import java.io.IOException; 5 import java.io.InputStream; 6 import java.io.InputStreamReader; 7 import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; 8 import java.util.ArrayList; 9 import java.util.List; 10 11 import javax.servlet.Filter; 12 import javax.servlet.FilterChain; 13 import javax.servlet.FilterConfig; 14 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 15 import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; 16 import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; 17 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 18 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper; 19 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 20 21 /** 22 * @ClassName: AdvancedFilter 23 * @Description: 這個過濾器是用來解決中文亂碼,轉義內容中的html標籤,過濾內容中的敏感字符的 24 * @author: 孤傲蒼狼 25 * @date: 2014-9-6 下午6:17:37 26 * 27 */ 28 public class AdvancedFilter implements Filter { 29 30 private FilterConfig filterConfig = null; 31 //設置默認的字符編碼 32 private String defaultCharset = "UTF-8"; 33 34 @Override 35 public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { 36 //獲得過濾器的初始化配置信息 37 this.filterConfig = filterConfig; 38 } 39 40 @Override 41 public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, 42 FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { 43 HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req; 44 HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) resp; 45 //獲得在web.xml中配置的字符編碼 46 String charset = filterConfig.getInitParameter("charset"); 47 if(charset==null){ 48 charset = defaultCharset; 49 } 50 request.setCharacterEncoding(charset); 51 response.setCharacterEncoding(charset); 52 response.setContentType("text/html;charset="+charset); 53 54 AdvancedRequest requestWrapper = new AdvancedRequest(request); 55 chain.doFilter(requestWrapper, response); 56 } 57 58 @Override 59 public void destroy() { 60 61 } 62 63 class AdvancedRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper{ 64 65 private List<String> dirtyWords = getDirtyWords(); 66 67 //定義一個變量記住被加強對象(request對象是須要被加強的對象) 68 private HttpServletRequest request; 69 //定義一個構造函數,接收被加強對象 70 public AdvancedRequest(HttpServletRequest request) { 71 super(request); 72 this.request = request; 73 } 74 /* 覆蓋須要加強的getParameter方法 75 * @see javax.servlet.ServletRequestWrapper#getParameter(java.lang.String) 76 */ 77 @Override 78 public String getParameter(String name) { 79 try{ 80 //獲取參數的值 81 String value= this.request.getParameter(name); 82 if(value==null){ 83 return null; 84 } 85 //若是不是以get方式提交數據的,就直接返回獲取到的值 86 if(!this.request.getMethod().equalsIgnoreCase("get")) { 87 //調用filter轉義value中的html標籤 88 value= filter(value); 89 }else{ 90 //若是是以get方式提交數據的,就對獲取到的值進行轉碼處理 91 value = new String(value.getBytes("ISO8859-1"),this.request.getCharacterEncoding()); 92 //調用filter轉義value中的html標籤 93 value= filter(value); 94 } 95 96 for(String dirtyWord : dirtyWords){ 97 if(value.contains(dirtyWord)){ 98 System.out.println("內容中包含敏感詞:"+dirtyWord+",將會被替換成****"); 99 //替換敏感字符 100 value = value.replace(dirtyWord, "****"); 101 } 102 } 103 return value; 104 }catch (Exception e) { 105 throw new RuntimeException(e); 106 } 107 } 108 } 109 110 /** 111 * @Method: filter 112 * @Description: 過濾內容中的html標籤 113 * @Anthor:孤傲蒼狼 114 * @param value 115 * @return 116 */ 117 public String filter(String value) { 118 if (value == null){ 119 return null; 120 } 121 char content[] = new char[value.length()]; 122 value.getChars(0, value.length(), content, 0); 123 StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer(content.length + 50); 124 for (int i = 0; i < content.length; i++) { 125 switch (content[i]) { 126 case '<': 127 result.append("<"); 128 break; 129 case '>': 130 result.append(">"); 131 break; 132 case '&': 133 result.append("&"); 134 break; 135 case '"': 136 result.append("""); 137 break; 138 default: 139 result.append(content[i]); 140 } 141 } 142 return (result.toString()); 143 } 144 145 /** 146 * @Method: getDirtyWords 147 * @Description: 獲取敏感字符 148 * @Anthor:孤傲蒼狼 149 * 150 * @return 151 */ 152 private List<String> getDirtyWords(){ 153 List<String> dirtyWords = new ArrayList<String>(); 154 String dirtyWordPath = filterConfig.getInitParameter("dirtyWord"); 155 InputStream inputStream = filterConfig.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream(dirtyWordPath); 156 InputStreamReader is = null; 157 try { 158 is = new InputStreamReader(inputStream,defaultCharset); 159 } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e2) { 160 e2.printStackTrace(); 161 } 162 BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(is); 163 String line; 164 try { 165 while ((line = reader.readLine())!= null) {//若是 line爲空說明讀完了 166 dirtyWords.add(line); 167 } 168 } catch (IOException e) { 169 e.printStackTrace(); 170 } 171 return dirtyWords; 172 } 173 }
在web.xml文件中配置AdvancedFilter
1 <filter> 2 <filter-name>AdvancedFilter</filter-name> 3 <filter-class>me.gacl.web.filter.AdvancedFilter</filter-class> 4 <init-param> 5 <param-name>charset</param-name> 6 <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> 7 </init-param> 8 <init-param> 9 <param-name>dirtyWord</param-name> 10 <param-value>/WEB-INF/DirtyWord.txt</param-value> 11 </init-param> 12 </filter> 13 14 <filter-mapping> 15 <filter-name>AdvancedFilter</filter-name> 16 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 17 </filter-mapping>
AdvancedFilter過濾器同時具備解決中文亂碼,轉義內容中的html標籤,過濾內容中的敏感字符這些功能。
Servlet API 中提供了response對象的Decorator設計模式的默認實現類HttpServletResponseWrapper ,HttpServletResponseWrapper類實現了response接口中的全部方法,但這些方法的內部實現都是僅僅調用了一下所包裝的的 response對象的對應方法,以免用戶在對response對象進行加強時須要實現response接口中的全部方法。
應用HttpServletResponseWrapper對象,壓縮響應正文內容。
具體思路:經過filter向目標頁面傳遞一個自定義的response對象。在自定義的response對象中,重寫getOutputStream方法和getWriter方法,使目標資源調用此方法輸出頁面內容時,得到的是咱們自定義的ServletOutputStream對象。在咱們自定義的ServletOuputStream對象中,重寫write方法,使寫出的數據寫出到一個buffer中。當頁面完成輸出後,在filter中就可獲得頁面寫出的數據,從而咱們能夠調用GzipOuputStream對數據進行壓縮後再寫出給瀏覽器,以此完成響應正文件壓縮功能。
編寫壓縮過濾器,代碼以下:
1 package me.gacl.web.filter; 2 3 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; 4 import java.io.IOException; 5 import java.io.OutputStreamWriter; 6 import java.io.PrintWriter; 7 import java.util.zip.GZIPOutputStream; 8 9 import javax.servlet.Filter; 10 import javax.servlet.FilterChain; 11 import javax.servlet.FilterConfig; 12 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 13 import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream; 14 import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; 15 import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; 16 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 17 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 18 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponseWrapper; 19 20 /** 21 * @ClassName: GzipFilter 22 * @Description: 壓縮過濾器,將web應用中的文本都通過壓縮後再輸出到瀏覽器 23 * @author: 孤傲蒼狼 24 * @date: 2014-9-7 上午10:52:42 25 * 26 */ 27 public class GzipFilter implements Filter { 28 29 public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, 30 FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { 31 32 HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req; 33 HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) resp; 34 35 BufferResponse myresponse = new BufferResponse(response); 36 chain.doFilter(request, myresponse); 37 //拿出緩存中的數據,壓縮後再打給瀏覽器 38 byte out[] = myresponse.getBuffer(); 39 System.out.println("原始大小:" + out.length); 40 41 ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); 42 //壓縮輸出流中的數據 43 GZIPOutputStream gout = new GZIPOutputStream(bout); 44 gout.write(out); 45 gout.close(); 46 47 byte gzip[] = bout.toByteArray(); 48 System.out.println("壓縮後的大小:" + gzip.length); 49 50 response.setHeader("content-encoding", "gzip"); 51 response.setContentLength(gzip.length); 52 response.getOutputStream().write(gzip); 53 } 54 55 public void destroy() { 56 57 } 58 59 public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { 60 61 } 62 } 63 64 class BufferResponse extends HttpServletResponseWrapper{ 65 66 private ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); 67 private PrintWriter pw; 68 private HttpServletResponse response; 69 public BufferResponse(HttpServletResponse response) { 70 super(response); 71 this.response = response; 72 } 73 @Override 74 public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException { 75 return new MyServletOutputStream(bout); 76 } 77 @Override 78 public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException { 79 pw = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(bout,this.response.getCharacterEncoding())); 80 return pw; 81 } 82 83 public byte[] getBuffer(){ 84 try{ 85 if(pw!=null){ 86 pw.close(); 87 } 88 if(bout!=null){ 89 bout.flush(); 90 return bout.toByteArray(); 91 } 92 93 94 return null; 95 }catch (Exception e) { 96 throw new RuntimeException(e); 97 } 98 } 99 } 100 101 class MyServletOutputStream extends ServletOutputStream{ 102 103 private ByteArrayOutputStream bout; 104 public MyServletOutputStream(ByteArrayOutputStream bout){ 105 this.bout = bout; 106 } 107 108 @Override 109 public void write(int b) throws IOException { 110 this.bout.write(b); 111 } 112 }
在web.xml中配置壓縮過濾器
1 <filter> 2 <description>配置壓縮過濾器</description> 3 <filter-name>GzipFilter</filter-name> 4 <filter-class>me.gacl.web.filter.GzipFilter</filter-class> 5 </filter> 6 7 <!--jsp文件的輸出的內容都通過壓縮過濾器壓縮後才輸出 --> 8 <filter-mapping> 9 <filter-name>GzipFilter</filter-name> 10 <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern> 11 <!-- 配置過濾器的攔截方式--> 12 <!-- 對於在Servlet中經過 13 request.getRequestDispatcher("jsp頁面路徑").forward(request, response) 14 方式訪問的Jsp頁面的要進行攔截 --> 15 <dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher> 16 <!--對於直接以URL方式訪問的jsp頁面進行攔截,過濾器的攔截方式默認就是 REQUEST--> 17 <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher> 18 </filter-mapping> 19 <!--js文件的輸出的內容都通過壓縮過濾器壓縮後才輸出 --> 20 <filter-mapping> 21 <filter-name>GzipFilter</filter-name> 22 <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern> 23 </filter-mapping> 24 <!--css文件的輸出的內容都通過壓縮過濾器壓縮後才輸出 --> 25 <filter-mapping> 26 <filter-name>GzipFilter</filter-name> 27 <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern> 28 </filter-mapping> 29 <!--html文件的輸出的內容都通過壓縮過濾器壓縮後才輸出 --> 30 <filter-mapping> 31 <filter-name>GzipFilter</filter-name> 32 <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern> 33 </filter-mapping>
對於頁面中不多更新的數據,例如商品分類,爲避免每次都要從數據庫查詢分類數據,所以可把分類數據緩存在內存或文件中,以此來減輕數據庫壓力,提升系統響應速度。
編寫緩存數據的過濾器,代碼以下:
1 package me.gacl.web.filter; 2 3 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; 4 import java.io.IOException; 5 import java.io.OutputStreamWriter; 6 import java.io.PrintWriter; 7 import java.util.HashMap; 8 import java.util.Map; 9 10 import javax.servlet.Filter; 11 import javax.servlet.FilterChain; 12 import javax.servlet.FilterConfig; 13 import javax.servlet.ServletException; 14 import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream; 15 import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; 16 import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; 17 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 18 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 19 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponseWrapper; 20 21 /** 22 * @ClassName: WebResourceCachedFilter 23 * @Description: Web資源緩存過濾器 24 * @author: 孤傲蒼狼 25 * @date: 2014-9-8 上午12:20:16 26 * 27 */ 28 public class WebResourceCachedFilter implements Filter { 29 /** 30 * @Field: map 31 * 緩存Web資源的Map容器 32 */ 33 private Map<String,byte[]> map = new HashMap<String,byte[]>(); 34 35 @Override 36 public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { 37 38 } 39 40 @Override 41 public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, 42 FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { 43 HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req; 44 HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) resp; 45 //1.獲得用戶請求的uri 46 String uri = request.getRequestURI(); 47 //2.看緩存中有沒有uri對應的數據 48 byte b[] = map.get(uri); 49 //3.若是緩存中有,直接拿緩存的數據打給瀏覽器,程序返回 50 if(b!=null){ 51 //根據字節數組和指定的字符編碼構建字符串 52 String webResourceHtmlStr = new String(b,response.getCharacterEncoding()); 53 System.out.println(webResourceHtmlStr); 54 response.getOutputStream().write(b); 55 return; 56 } 57 //4.若是緩存沒有,讓目標資源執行,並捕獲目標資源的輸出 58 BufferResponse myresponse = new BufferResponse(response); 59 chain.doFilter(request, myresponse); 60 //獲取緩衝流中的內容的字節數組 61 byte out[] = myresponse.getBuffer(); 62 //5.把資源的數據以用戶請求的uri爲關鍵字保存到緩存中 63 map.put(uri, out); 64 //6.把數據打給瀏覽器 65 response.getOutputStream().write(out); 66 } 67 68 @Override 69 public void destroy() { 70 71 } 72 73 class BufferResponse extends HttpServletResponseWrapper{ 74 private ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); //捕獲輸出的緩存 75 private PrintWriter pw; 76 private HttpServletResponse response; 77 public BufferResponse(HttpServletResponse response) { 78 super(response); 79 this.response = response; 80 } 81 @Override 82 public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException { 83 return new MyServletOutputStream(bout); 84 } 85 @Override 86 public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException { 87 pw = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(bout,this.response.getCharacterEncoding())); 88 return pw; 89 } 90 91 public byte[] getBuffer(){ 92 try{ 93 if(pw!=null){ 94 pw.close(); 95 } 96 return bout.toByteArray(); 97 }catch (Exception e) { 98 throw new RuntimeException(e); 99 } 100 } 101 } 102 103 class MyServletOutputStream extends ServletOutputStream{ 104 private ByteArrayOutputStream bout; 105 public MyServletOutputStream(ByteArrayOutputStream bout){ //接收數據寫到哪裏 106 this.bout = bout; 107 } 108 @Override 109 public void write(int b) throws IOException { 110 bout.write(b); 111 } 112 } 113 }
在web.xml中配置Web資源緩存過濾器
1 <filter> 2 <description>Web資源緩存過濾器</description> 3 <filter-name>WebResourceCachedFilter</filter-name> 4 <filter-class>me.gacl.web.filter.WebResourceCachedFilter</filter-class> 5 </filter> 6 7 <filter-mapping> 8 <filter-name>WebResourceCachedFilter</filter-name> 9 <!-- 映射須要緩存輸出的JSP頁面,這幾個頁面都只是單純做爲輸入UI,不會有太多的變化,所以能夠緩存輸出 --> 10 <url-pattern>/login.jsp</url-pattern> 11 <url-pattern>/test.jsp</url-pattern> 12 <url-pattern>/test2.jsp</url-pattern> 13 </filter-mapping>