LINUX-redhat enterprise 5.8桌面安裝

若是在安裝過程當中忘記安裝圖形界面，後期能夠在命令行下面進行安裝。

1. 先把安裝光盤mount到系統中。
   

   若是安裝映像mount到/mnt/DVD目錄下

   [ncapp@nrb-ncapp-p01 ~]$ mount -l
   /dev/mapper/vg_nrbncappp01-LogVol00 on / type ext4 (rw)
   proc on /proc type proc (rw)
   sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
   devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
   tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")
   /dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
   /dev/mapper/vg_nrbncappp01-LogVol02 on /home type ext4 (rw)
   none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
   /dev/sr0 on /media/RHEL-6.8 Server.x86_64 type iso9660 (ro,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks,uid=0,gid=0,iocharset=utf8,mode=0400,dmode=0500) [RHEL-6.8 Server.x86_64]
   /dev/sr0 on /mnt/DVD type iso9660 (ro) [RHEL-6.8 Server.x86_64]
   

2. 本文主要是經過yum安裝，因此須要修收配置文件, 經過vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo,增長紅色部分代碼。

   
   

   [ncapp@nrb-ncapp-p01 etc]$ cd yum.repos.d/
   [ncapp@nrb-ncapp-p01 yum.repos.d]$ ls
   packagekit-media.repo  redhat.repo  rhel-source.repo
   [ncapp@nrb-ncapp-p01 yum.repos.d]$ cat rhel-source.repo
   [local]
   name=local
   baseurl=file:///mnt/DVD
   enabled=1
   gpgcheck=0

   
   [rhel-source]
   name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch - Source
   baseurl=ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/linux/enterprise/$releasever/en/os/SRPMS/
   enabled=0
   gpgcheck=1
   gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

   [rhel-source-beta]
   name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever Beta - $basearch - Source
   baseurl=ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/linux/beta/$releasever/en/os/SRPMS/
   enabled=0
   gpgcheck=1
   gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-beta,file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
   [ncapp@nrb-ncapp-p01 yum.repos.d]$

3. 查看已安裝的包，和可安裝的包，圖形界面主要與這兩個包有關係，主要與如下標記紅色的包有關係，能夠經過 yum groupinstall "X Windows system",  yum groupinstall "Desktop" 分別安裝這兩個包

   [ncapp@nrb-ncapp-p01 yum.repos.d]$ yum grouplist
   Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, search-disabled-repos, security, subscription-
                 : manager
   Setting up Group Process
   Installed Groups:
      Additional Development
      Base
      Compatibility libraries
      Console internet tools
      Debugging Tools
      Desktop
      Desktop Debugging and Performance Tools
      Desktop Platform
      Dial-up Networking Support
      Directory Client
      E-mail server
      Fonts
      General Purpose Desktop
      Graphical Administration Tools
      Hardware monitoring utilities
      Input Methods
      Java Platform
      Large Systems Performance
      Legacy UNIX compatibility
      Legacy X Window System compatibility
      NFS file server
      Network Infrastructure Server
      Network file system client
      Networking Tools
      Performance Tools
      Perl Support
      Scientific support
      Security Tools
      Server Platform
      X Window System
   Installed Language Groups:
      Arabic Support [ar]
      Armenian Support [hy]
      Chinese Support [zh]
      Georgian Support [ka]
      Hebrew Support [he]
      Inuktitut Support [iu]
      Japanese Support [ja]
      Korean Support [ko]
      Lao Support [lo]
      Tajik Support [tg]
   Available Groups:
      Backup Client
      Backup Server
      CIFS file server
      Client management tools
      Desktop Platform Development
      Development tools
      Directory Server
      Eclipse
      Emacs
      FCoE Storage Client
      FTP server
      Graphics Creation Tools
      Guest Agents
      Identity Management Server
      Infiniband Support
      Internet Browser
      KDE Desktop
      Mainframe Access
      Messaging Client Support
      MySQL Database client
      MySQL Database server
      Network Storage Server
      PHP Support
      PostgreSQL Database client
      PostgreSQL Database server
      Print Server
      Printing client
      Remote Desktop Clients
      Ruby Support
      SNMP Support
      Server Platform Development
      Smart card support
      Storage Availability Tools
      System Management
      System administration tools
      TeX support
      Technical Writing
      TurboGears application framework
      Virtualization
      Virtualization Client
      Virtualization Platform
      Virtualization Tools
      Web Server
      Web Servlet Engine
      Web-Based Enterprise Management
      iSCSI Storage Client
   Available Language Groups:
      Afrikaans Support [af]
      Albanian Support [sq]
      Amazigh Support [ber]
      Assamese Support [as]
      Azerbaijani Support [az]
      Basque Support [eu]
      Belarusian Support [be]
      Bengali Support [bn]
      Bhutanese Support [dz]
      Brazilian Portuguese Support [pt_BR]
      Breton Support [br]
      Bulgarian Support [bg]
      Catalan Support [ca]
      Chhattisgarhi Support [hne]
      Chichewa Support [ny]
      Coptic Support [cop]
      Croatian Support [hr]
      Czech Support [cs]
      Danish Support [da]
      Dutch Support [nl]
      English (UK) Support [en_GB]
      Esperanto Support [eo]
      Estonian Support [et]
      Ethiopic Support [am]
      Faroese Support [fo]
      Fijian Support [fj]
      Filipino Support [fil]
      Finnish Support [fi]
      French Support [fr]
      Frisian Support [fy]
      Friulian Support [fur]
      Gaelic Support [gd]
      Galician Support [gl]
      German Support [de]
      Greek Support [el]
      Gujarati Support [gu]
      Hiligaynon Support [hil]
      Hindi Support [hi]
      Hungarian Support [hu]
      Icelandic Support [is]
      Indonesian Support [id]
      Interlingua Support [ia]
      Irish Support [ga]
      Italian Support [it]
      Kannada Support [kn]
      Kashmiri Support [ks]
      Kashubian Support [csb]
      Kazakh Support [kk]
      Khmer Support [km]
      Kinyarwanda Support [rw]
      Konkani Support [kok]
      Kurdish Support [ku]
      Latin Support [la]
      Latvian Support [lv]
      Lithuanian Support [lt]
      Low Saxon Support [nds]
      Luxembourgish Support [lb]
      Macedonian Support [mk]
      Maithili Support [mai]
      Malagasy Support [mg]
      Malay Support [ms]
      Malayalam Support [ml]
      Maltese Support [mt]
      Manx Support [gv]
      Maori Support [mi]
      Marathi Support [mr]
      Mongolian Support [mn]
      Myanmar (Burmese) Support [my]
      Nepali Support [ne]
      Northern Sotho Support [nso]
      Norwegian Support [nb]
      Occitan Support [oc]
      Oriya Support [or]
      Persian Support [fa]
      Polish Support [pl]
      Portuguese Support [pt]
      Punjabi Support [pa]
      Romanian Support [ro]
      Russian Support [ru]
      Sanskrit Support [sa]
      Sardinian Support [sc]
      Serbian Support [sr]
      Sindhi Support [sd]
      Sinhala Support [si]
      Slovak Support [sk]
      Slovenian Support [sl]
      Somali Support [so]
      Southern Ndebele Support [nr]
      Southern Sotho Support [st]
      Spanish Support [es]
      Swahili Support [sw]
      Swati Support [ss]
      Swedish Support [sv]
      Tagalog Support [tl]
      Tamil Support [ta]
      Telugu Support [te]
      Tetum Support [tet]
      Thai Support [th]
      Tibetan Support [bo]
      Tsonga Support [ts]
      Tswana Support [tn]
      Turkish Support [tr]
      Turkmen Support [tk]
      Ukrainian Support [uk]
      Upper Sorbian Support [hsb]
      Urdu Support [ur]
      Uzbek Support [uz]
      Venda Support [ve]
      Vietnamese Support [vi]
      Walloon Support [wa]
      Welsh Support [cy]
      Xhosa Support [xh]
      Zulu Support [zu]
   Done

4. 安裝到這裏就能夠啓動"startX",可是linux不建議有root直接登錄圖形界面，咱們能夠新建一個普通用戶。

   [ncapp@nrb-ncapp-p01 yum.repos.d] useradd xxx

   [ncapp@nrb-ncapp-p01 yum.repos.d]passwd xxx

5. 至此，已經能夠經過新建的用戶使用startx進入圖形界面了，可是若是這時重啓的話仍是會進行命令行界面，因此須要調整開機進行桌面仍是命令界面。

6. [root@redhat ~]#vim /etc/inittab
   # System initialization is started by /etc/init/rcS.conf
   #
   # Individual runlevels are started by /etc/init/rc.conf
   #
   # Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf
   #
   # Terminal gettys are handled by /etc/init/tty.conf and /etc/init/serial.conf,
   # with configuration in /etc/sysconfig/init.
   #
   # For information on how to write upstart event handlers, or how
   # upstart works, see init(5), init(8), and initctl(8).
   #
   # Default runlevel. The runlevels used are:
   #   0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
   #   1 - Single user mode
   #   2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking)
   #   3 - Full multiuser mode
   #   4 - unused
   #   5 - X11
   #   6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
   #
   id:3:initdefault:
    將上面紅字部分的  3改爲5

7.  3爲命令行界面   5爲X window圖形界面
   
   刪除redhat訂閱：
   rhel6.1新增了一個redhat訂閱，沒有用，能夠刪除

8. [root@redhat ~]# yum remove subscription*
   

9. 安裝桌面右鍵終端：
   [root@redhat ~]# yum install nautilus-open-terminal