SSM之框架整合
前言
SSM框架，即Spring + Spring MVC + MyBatis的整合框架集，是繼SSH後比較主流的Java EE企業級框架，採用標準的MVC模式，項目結構與微軟的ASP.NET MVC框架很是類似。本文主要結合Intellij IDEA和Maven實現SSM基礎框架的搭建與優化。前端
環境
- jdk-1.8.0
- tomcat-8.6.8
- maven-3.3.9
Intellij IDEA 2016java
建立Maven項目
啓動IDEA（IDEA的安裝請參考IntelliJ IDEA 安裝）。
點擊"Create New Project"建立新項目mysql
選擇右側的"Maven"，而後配置"Project SDK"爲你本機的Java安裝目錄，接下來填寫項目相關信息，建立一個基本的Maven項目git
項目建立完成後，點擊右下角的"Enable Auto-Import"以自動導入相關依賴github
接下來須設置項目的Maven設置（每次新建Maven項目都需從新配置），同時按Ctrl+Alt+S打開設置面板，找到Maven配置界面，將"Maven home directory"修改成本機Maven安裝目錄web
一個基本的Maven環境已經搭建完成，下面開始整合SSM框架。spring
整合SSM框架
POM.xml
POM是項目對象模型(Project Object Model)的簡稱,pom.xml是Maven的核心配置文件。一個Maven項目必須包含pom.xml配置文件，文件中包括了與開發者有關的，缺陷跟蹤系統，組織與許可，項目的URL，項目依賴，以及其餘與這個項目相關的東西。sql
如下是本文項目的pom.xml配置文件：數據庫
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<groupId>com.zkh</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>ssm</name>
<url>http://localhost:8081/ssm</url>
<build>
<finalName>ssm</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<verbose>true</verbose>
<overwrite>true</overwrite>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>4.3.7.RELEASE</spring.version>
<jackson.version>2.9.0.pr1</jackson.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- json -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core-lgpl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-lgpl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mail -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
<version>1.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
<version>2.8.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.8.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>6.0.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>mchange-commons-java</artifactId>
<version>0.2.12</version>
</dependency>
<!-- slf4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.24</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.24</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringMVC -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- validate -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
<artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0.Alpha1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>6.0.0.Alpha1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- el -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1-b04</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-impl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- druid -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.28</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.28.odps</version>
</dependency>
<!-- pagehelper -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
<version>5.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--shiro-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
<artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
<version>3.2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml</groupId>
<artifactId>classmate</artifactId>
<version>1.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
<version>2.4.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.dom4j</groupId>
<artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.ehcache.modules</groupId>
<artifactId>ehcache-core</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.22.0-CR1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jboss.logging</groupId>
<artifactId>jboss-logging</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
springmvc.xml
SpringMVC配置文件：express
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 註解驅動、校驗器 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven validator="validator"/>
<!-- 視圖解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 組件掃描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zkh.controller"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 校驗器 -->
<bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean">
<property name="providerClass" value="org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator" />
<!-- 指定校驗使用的資源文件，默認使用classpath:ValidationMessages.properties -->
<property name="validationMessageSource" ref="messageSource" />
</bean>
<!-- 校驗錯誤信息配置文件 -->
<bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
<!-- 資源文件名-->
<property name="basenames">
<list>
<value>classpath:ValidationMessages</value>
</list>
</property>
<!-- 資源文件編碼格式 -->
<property name="fileEncodings" value="utf-8" />
<!-- 對資源文件內容緩存時間，單位秒 -->
<property name="cacheSeconds" value="120" />
</bean>
<!-- 全局異常處理器 -->
<bean class="com.zkh.exception.CustomExceptionResolver"></bean>
<!-- 文件上傳 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 默認編碼 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
<!-- 文件大小最大值 -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
<!-- 內存中的最大值 -->
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
</bean>
<!-- RESTful下靜態資源解析 -->
<!-- <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>
<mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**"/> -->
<!-- 攔截器 -->
<!--<mvc:interceptors>-->
<!--<mvc:interceptor>-->
<!--<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>-->
<!--<mvc:mapping path="/user/**"/>-->
<!--<bean class="com.zkh.interceptor.LoginInterceptor"></bean>-->
<!--</mvc:interceptor>-->
<!--</mvc:interceptors>-->
<!--避免IE執行AJAX時，返回JSON出現下載文件 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
applicationContext-dao.xml
數據訪問接口層配置文件，包含spring與mybatis的整合配置及數據源配置。這裏使用了阿里巴巴的Druid鏈接池以及開源的分頁插件PageHelper，Druid能夠說是目前最好的數據庫鏈接池，PageHelper能夠簡化分頁功能開發，關於Druid和PageHelper的完整配置會在後面的文章介紹，固然你也可使用c3p0鏈接池代替，配置文件裏包含c3p0的配置方式。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--引入數據庫配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!--c3p0鏈接池-->
<!--<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">-->
<!--<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>-->
<!--<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>-->
<!--<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>-->
<!--<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>-->
<!--</bean>-->
<!--druid鏈接池-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<!-- 數據庫驅動 -->
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- 初始化大小、最小、最大鏈接數 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="3" />
<property name="minIdle" value="3" />
<property name="maxActive" value="20" />
<!-- 鏈接等待超時時間，單位是毫秒 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="60000" />
<!-- 配置檢測間隔，檢測須要關閉的空閒鏈接 -->
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />
<!-- 一個鏈接在池中的最小生存時間 -->
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="300000" />
<property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 'x'" />
<property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
<property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
<!-- 打開PSCache，指定每一個鏈接PSCache的大小 -->
<property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
<property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize" value="20" />
<!-- 配置監控統計攔截的filters，關閉後監控界面sql沒法統計 -->
<property name="filters" value="stat" />
</bean>
<!--spring和mybatis整合-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--mybatis配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/sqlMapConfig.xml"/>
<!--mapping路徑-->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapping/*.xml"></property>
<property name="plugins">
<array>
<!--分頁插件-->
<bean class="com.github.pagehelper.PageInterceptor">
<property name="properties">
<value>
helperDialect=mysql
reasonable=true
supportMethodsArguments=true
params=count=countSql
autoRuntimeDialect=true
pageSizeZero=true
</value>
</property>
</bean>
</array>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- mapper掃描器 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.zkh.dao"></property>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
sqlMapConfig.xml
Mybatis配置文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--引入數據庫配置文件-->
<properties resource="jdbc.properties"></properties>
<settings>
<!-- 開啓延遲加載 -->
<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/>
<!-- 開啓二級緩存 -->
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
</settings>
<!--配置類型別名-->
<typeAliases>
<!--引入pojo包-->
<package name="com.zkh.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<display-name>ssm</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>login.action</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- RESTful前端控制器 -->
<!-- <servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc_rest</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc_rest</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>-->
<!-- 監聽器 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 編碼過濾器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
Mapper和pojo
Mapper文件和pojo實體類能夠藉助"mybatis-generator"自動生成工具生成，關於mybatis-generator的使用請自行Google。
項目結構
以上只是一些最核心的配置文件說明，完整代碼已發佈在Github上，地址在本文末尾，最終項目結構效果以下：
Tomcat配置
點擊菜單欄Run->Edit Configurations...
在Run面板左上方添加，選擇Tomcat Server->Local
接下來配置Name(可隨意)、Tomcat安裝路徑、jre安裝路徑
而後打開Deployment標籤頁，配置使當前項目自動打包並添加到服務器中
如今能夠運行測試你的WEB項目了，按Shift+F10運行應用，Shift+F9可進行應用調試。
運行效果
總結
以上爲最基本的SSM整合框架環境搭建，開發過ASP.NET MVC的同窗可能會有一種似曾相識的感受，由於它們真的太像了。以後會向項目中添加一些插件以提升開發效率及應用性能。
具體代碼已發佈在Github上，地址：SSM
本文爲做者kMacro原創，轉載請註明來源：http://www.jianshu.com/p/b6b1ec6b1816。
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