使用raw input 代替全局鍵盤鉤子

//關於raw input 請查看msdn https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms645536%28v=vs.85%29.aspx

//效率 比 鍵盤鉤子高太多 ，可是BCB 中沒法識別 RAWINPUTDEVICE  結構 和RAW相關的函數

// rawinput4.cpp : 定義應用程序的入口點。
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "rawinput4.h"
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>

 
using namespace std;

#define MAX_LOADSTRING 100

// 全局變量:
HINSTANCE hInst;                                // 當前實例
TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING];                    // 標題欄文本
TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING];            // 主窗口類名
set<DWORD> keys;

//避免按住不放不停的響應keydown
bool IsInKeys(DWORD key)
{
    set<DWORD>::iterator itor =
        find(keys.begin(),keys.end(),key);
    
    bool result = false;
    if (itor == keys.end())
    {
        keys.insert(key);
        result = false;
    }
    else
    {
        result = true;
    }
    return result;
}
//鬆開的時候，將key從set中移除
void erasekey(DWORD key)
{
    keys.erase(key);
}


// 此代碼模塊中包含的函數的前向聲明:
ATOM                MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL                InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK    WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
INT_PTR CALLBACK    About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);


void RegKeyboardRawInput(HWND hwnd)
{
    RAWINPUTDEVICE Rid[1];
    Rid[0].usUsagePage    = 0x01; 
    Rid[0].usUsage        = 0x06; 
    Rid[0].dwFlags        = RIDEV_INPUTSINK;//RIDEV_NOLEGACY;   // adds HID keyboard and also ignores legacy keyboard messages
    Rid[0].hwndTarget    = hwnd;
  
  if (RegisterRawInputDevices(Rid, 1, sizeof(Rid[0])) == FALSE) {
        MessageBox(NULL,L"註冊raw input 失敗！",L"註冊 raw input",MB_OK+MB_ICONINFORMATION);
  }

}

int APIENTRY _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPTSTR    lpCmdLine,
                     int       nCmdShow)
{
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance);
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine);

    MSG msg;
    HACCEL hAccelTable;

    // 初始化全局字符串
    LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);
    LoadString(hInstance, IDC_RAWINPUT4, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);
    MyRegisterClass(hInstance);

    // 執行應用程序初始化:
    if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))
    {
        return FALSE;
    }

    hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_RAWINPUT4));

    // 主消息循環:
    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
    {
        if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg))
        {
            TranslateMessage(&msg);
            DispatchMessage(&msg);
        }
    }

    return (int) msg.wParam;
}



//
//  函數: MyRegisterClass()
//
//  目的: 註冊窗口類。
//
//  註釋:
//
//    僅當但願
//    此代碼與添加到 Windows 95 中的「RegisterClassEx」
//    函數以前的 Win32 系統兼容時，才須要此函數及其用法。調用此函數十分重要，
//    這樣應用程序就能夠得到關聯的
//    「格式正確的」小圖標。
//
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
    WNDCLASSEX wcex;

    wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);

    wcex.style            = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wcex.lpfnWndProc    = WndProc;
    wcex.cbClsExtra        = 0;
    wcex.cbWndExtra        = 0;
    wcex.hInstance        = hInstance;
    wcex.hIcon            = LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_RAWINPUT4));
    wcex.hCursor        = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wcex.hbrBackground    = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
    wcex.lpszMenuName    = MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_RAWINPUT4);
    wcex.lpszClassName    = szWindowClass;
    wcex.hIconSm        = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL));

    return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
}

//
//   函數: InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int)
//
//   目的: 保存實例句柄並建立主窗口
//
//   註釋:
//
//        在此函數中，咱們在全局變量中保存實例句柄並
//        建立和顯示主程序窗口。
//
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
   HWND hWnd;

   hInst = hInstance; // 將實例句柄存儲在全局變量中

   hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
      CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

   if (!hWnd)
   {
      return FALSE;
   }

   ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
   UpdateWindow(hWnd);

   RegKeyboardRawInput(hWnd);

   return TRUE;
}

//
//  函數: WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)
//
//  目的: 處理主窗口的消息。
//
//  WM_COMMAND    - 處理應用程序菜單
//  WM_PAINT    - 繪製主窗口
//  WM_DESTROY    - 發送退出消息並返回
//
//
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    int wmId, wmEvent;
    PAINTSTRUCT ps;
    HDC hdc;

    switch (message)
    {
    case WM_COMMAND:
        wmId    = LOWORD(wParam);
        wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);
        // 分析菜單選擇:
        switch (wmId)
        {
        case IDM_ABOUT:
            DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_ABOUTBOX), hWnd, About);
            break;
        case IDM_EXIT:
            DestroyWindow(hWnd);
            break;
        default:
            return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
        }
        break;
    case WM_PAINT:
        hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        // TODO: 在此添加任意繪圖代碼...
        EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        break;
    case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        break;
case WM_INPUT: 
  {
      UINT dwSize;
  
      GetRawInputData((HRAWINPUT)lParam, RID_INPUT, NULL, &dwSize, 
                      sizeof(RAWINPUTHEADER));
      LPBYTE lpb = new BYTE[dwSize];
      if (lpb == NULL) 
      {
          return 0;
      } 
  
      if (GetRawInputData((HRAWINPUT)lParam, RID_INPUT, lpb, &dwSize, 
           sizeof(RAWINPUTHEADER)) != dwSize )
           OutputDebugString (TEXT("GetRawInputData doesn't return correct size !\n")); 
  
      RAWINPUT* raw = (RAWINPUT*)lpb;
  
      if (raw->header.dwType == RIM_TYPEKEYBOARD) 
      {
     

          if ( raw->data.keyboard.Message == WM_KEYDOWN)
          {
              if (!IsInKeys(raw->data.keyboard.VKey))
              {
                  char keytext[10] = {0};
                  BYTE state[256] = {0};
             
                  //經過虛擬鍵盤碼獲得名字
                  ToAscii(raw->data.keyboard.VKey,raw->data.keyboard.MakeCode,state,(LPWORD)keytext ,0);

                  char buf[10] = {0};

                  string s = "鍵盤按下 虛鍵碼:"+ string(keytext);
                  
                  MessageBoxA(NULL,s.c_str(),"鍵盤",MB_OK); 
              }
                
          }

          if( raw->data.keyboard.Message == WM_KEYUP)
          {
              erasekey(raw->data.keyboard.VKey);
          }
      }

  
      delete[] lpb; 
      return 0;
  } 

    default:
        return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
    return 0;
}

// 「關於」框的消息處理程序。
INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lParam);
    switch (message)
    {
    case WM_INITDIALOG:
        return (INT_PTR)TRUE;

    case WM_COMMAND:
        if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL)
        {
            EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam));
            return (INT_PTR)TRUE;
        }
        break;
    }
    return (INT_PTR)FALSE;
}