CentOS 7 yum 安裝 MySQL5.7

0、環境

本文操做系統: CentOS 7.2.1511 x86_64
MySQL 版本: 5.7.13

一、下載 MySQL 官方的 Yum Repository

從 MySQL 官網選取合適的 MySQL 版本，獲取下載地址。

而後使用 wget 下載：

[root@centos-linux src]# wget http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
--2016-07-15 13:26:51--  http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
正在解析主機 repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.63.61.108
正在鏈接 repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.63.61.108|:80... 已鏈接。
已發出 HTTP 請求，正在等待迴應... 200 OK
長度：9116 (8.9K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: 「mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm」

100%[========================================================================================>] 9,116       --.-K/s 用時 0s

2016-07-15 13:26:57 (193 MB/s) - 已保存 「mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm」 [9116/9116])

二、安裝 yum Repository

[root@centos-linux src]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
已加載插件：fastestmirror
正在檢查 mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm: mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch
mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm 將被安裝
正在解決依賴關係
--> 正在檢查事務
---> 軟件包 mysql57-community-release.noarch.0.el7-8 將被 安裝
--> 解決依賴關係完成

依賴關係解決

==================================================================================================================================
 Package                              架構              版本             源                                                  大小
==================================================================================================================================
正在安裝:
 mysql57-community-release            noarch            el7-8            /mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch            8.2 k

事務概要
==================================================================================================================================
安裝  1 軟件包

總計：8.2 k
安裝大小：8.2 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安裝    : mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch                                                                        1/1
  驗證中      : mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch                                                                        1/1

已安裝:
  mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-8

完畢！

三、安裝 MySQL 服務端

查看 mysql server

[root@centos-linux src]# yum search mysql-com
已加載插件：fastestmirror
base                                                                                                       | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
extras                                                                                                     | 3.4 kB  00:00:00
mysql-connectors-community                                                                                 | 2.5 kB  00:00:00
mysql-tools-community                                                                                      | 2.5 kB  00:00:00
mysql57-community                                                                                          | 2.5 kB  00:00:00
updates                                                                                                    | 3.4 kB  00:00:00
(1/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                        | 9.8 kB  00:00:00
(2/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                             |  26 kB  00:00:00
(3/3): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                                 |  57 kB  00:00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
===================================================== N/S matched: mysql-com =====================================================
mysql-community-client.i686 : MySQL database client applications and tools
mysql-community-client.x86_64 : MySQL database client applications and tools
mysql-community-common.i686 : MySQL database common files for server and client libs
mysql-community-common.x86_64 : MySQL database common files for server and client libs
mysql-community-devel.i686 : Development header files and libraries for MySQL database client applications
mysql-community-devel.x86_64 : Development header files and libraries for MySQL database client applications
mysql-community-embedded.i686 : MySQL embedded library
mysql-community-embedded.x86_64 : MySQL embedded library
mysql-community-embedded-compat.i686 : MySQL embedded compat library
mysql-community-embedded-compat.x86_64 : MySQL embedded compat library
mysql-community-embedded-devel.i686 : Development header files and libraries for MySQL as an embeddable library
mysql-community-embedded-devel.x86_64 : Development header files and libraries for MySQL as an embeddable library
mysql-community-libs.i686 : Shared libraries for MySQL database client applications
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 : Shared libraries for MySQL database client applications
mysql-community-libs-compat.i686 : Shared compat libraries for MySQL 5.6.25 database client applications
mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 : Shared compat libraries for MySQL 5.6.25 database client applications
mysql-community-release.noarch : MySQL repository configuration for yum
mysql-community-server.x86_64 : A very fast and reliable SQL database server
mysql-community-test.x86_64 : Test suite for the MySQL database server

  名稱和簡介匹配 only，使用「search all」試試。

安裝

[root@centos-linux src]# yum -y install mysql-community-server.x86_64

等待執行安裝完成。

四、啓動 mysql 服務

而後啓動，注意 CentOS7 的啓動方式和之前不同，CentOS7 使用了 systemctl

[root@centos-linux ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service

查看啓動是否成功

[root@centos-linux ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 六 2016-07-16 11:07:56 HKT; 2min 42s ago
  Process: 22051 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 21973 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 22054 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─22054 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

7月 16 11:07:50 centos-linux.shared systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
7月 16 11:07:56 centos-linux.shared systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

上面顯示 active (running) 則表示已經正常啓動。

五、登錄數據庫

而後就能夠進入數據庫了，這裏注意一點，MySQL5.7.6 以後會在啓動 mysql 進程的時候生成一個用戶密碼，首次登錄須要這個密碼才行。密碼保存在 mysql 進程的日誌裏，即(/var/log/mysqld.log)

查看登錄密碼

[root@centos-linux ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep 'password'
2016-07-16T03:07:53.587995Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 2=s6NZk.t:fz

而後登錄

[root@centos-linux ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.13

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

到這裏 MySQL 就徹底安裝完成了。

六、修改 root 密碼

可是若是想正常使用還須要修改密碼

mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

之前的 password()函數將會被拋棄，官方建議使用下面的命令來修改密碼

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';

同時，若是你設置的密碼過於簡單也會報錯。

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

具體關於設置密碼的規則，能夠看這一篇文章。

這裏咱們注意設置密碼 長度要大於8，同時要有數字，大小寫，特殊字符。

最後，安裝完了能夠刪除 MySQL 的 Repository ，這樣能夠減小 yum 檢查更新的時間，使用下面的命令。

[root@typecodes ~]# yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch