第一種:DOM。
DOM的全稱是Document Object Model,也即文檔對象模型。在應用程序中,基於DOM的XML分析器將一個XML文檔轉換成一個對象模型的集合(一般稱DOM樹),應用程序正是經過 對這個對象模型的操做,來實現對XML文檔數據的操做。經過DOM接口,應用程序能夠在任什麼時候候訪問XML文檔中的任何一部分數據,所以,這種利用DOM 接口的機制也被稱做隨機訪問機制。
DOM接口提供了一種經過分層對象模型來訪問XML文檔信息的方式,這些分層對象模型依據XML的文檔 結構造成了一棵節點樹。不管XML文檔中所描述的是什麼類型的信息,即使是製表數據、項目列表或一個文檔,利用DOM所生成的模型都是節點樹的形式。也就 是說,DOM強制使用樹模型來訪問XML文檔中的信息。因爲XML本質上就是一種分層結構,因此這種描述方法是至關有效的。
DOM樹所提 供的隨機訪問方式給應用程序的開發帶來了很大的靈活性,它能夠任意地控制整個XML文檔中的內容。然而,因爲DOM分析器把整個XML文檔轉化成DOM樹 放在了內存中,所以,當文檔比較大或者結構比較複雜時,對內存的需求就比較高。並且,對於結構複雜的樹的遍歷也是一項耗時的操做。因此,DOM分析器對機 器性能的要求比較高,實現效率不十分理想。不過,因爲DOM分析器所採用的樹結構的思想與XML文檔的結構相吻合,同時鑑於隨機訪問所帶來的方便,所以,DOM分析器仍是有很普遍的使用價值的。
java
- import java.io.File;
-
- import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
- import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
-
- import org.w3c.dom.Document;
- import org.w3c.dom.Element;
- import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
-
- public class DomTest1
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
-
- DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
-
-
-
- DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
-
-
-
- Document document = db.parse(new File("candidate.xml"));
-
- NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("PERSON");
-
- for(int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++)
- {
- Element element = (Element)list.item(i);
-
- String content = element.getElementsByTagName("NAME").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
-
- System.out.println("name:" + content);
-
- content = element.getElementsByTagName("ADDRESS").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
-
- System.out.println("address:" + content);
-
- content = element.getElementsByTagName("TEL").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
-
- System.out.println("tel:" + content);
-
- content = element.getElementsByTagName("FAX").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
-
- System.out.println("fax:" + content);
-
- content = element.getElementsByTagName("EMAIL").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();
-
- System.out.println("email:" + content);
-
- System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
- }
- }
- }
- import java.io.File;
-
- import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
- import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
-
- import org.w3c.dom.Attr;
- import org.w3c.dom.Comment;
- import org.w3c.dom.Document;
- import org.w3c.dom.Element;
- import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;
- import org.w3c.dom.Node;
- import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
-
- public class DomTest3
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
- DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
-
- Document doc = db.parse(new File("student.xml"));
-
- Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
-
- parseElement(root);
- }
-
- private static void parseElement(Element element)
- {
- String tagName = element.getNodeName();
-
- NodeList children = element.getChildNodes();
-
- System.out.print("<" + tagName);
-
-
- NamedNodeMap map = element.getAttributes();
-
-
- if(null != map)
- {
- for(int i = 0; i < map.getLength(); i++)
- {
-
- Attr attr = (Attr)map.item(i);
-
- String attrName = attr.getName();
- String attrValue = attr.getValue();
-
- System.out.print(" " + attrName + "=\"" + attrValue + "\"");
- }
- }
-
- System.out.print(">");
-
- for(int i = 0; i < children.getLength(); i++)
- {
- Node node = children.item(i);
-
- short nodeType = node.getNodeType();
-
- if(nodeType == Node.ELEMENT_NODE)
- {
-
- parseElement((Element)node);
- }
- else if(nodeType == Node.TEXT_NODE)
- {
-
- System.out.print(node.getNodeValue());
- }
- else if(nodeType == Node.COMMENT_NODE)
- {
- System.out.print("<!--");
-
- Comment comment = (Comment)node;
-
-
- String data = comment.getData();
-
- System.out.print(data);
-
- System.out.print("-->");
- }
- }
-
- System.out.print("</" + tagName + ">");
- }
- }
sax:SAX的全稱是Simple APIs for XML,也即XML簡單應用程序接口。與DOM不一樣,SAX提供的訪問模式是一種順序模式,這是一種快速讀寫XML數據的方式。當使用SAX分析器對 XML文檔進行分析時,會觸發一系列事件,並激活相應的事件處理函數,應用程序經過這些事件處理函數實現對XML文檔的訪問,於是SAX接口也被稱做事件 驅動接口。node
- import java.io.File;
-
- import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
- import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
-
- import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
- import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
- import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
-
- public class SaxTest1
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
-
- SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
-
-
- SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser();
-
-
- parser.parse(new File("student.xml"), new MyHandler());
-
- }
- }
-
- class MyHandler extends DefaultHandler
- {
- @Override
- public void startDocument() throws SAXException
- {
- System.out.println("parse began");
- }
-
- @Override
- public void endDocument() throws SAXException
- {
- System.out.println("parse finished");
- }
-
- @Override
- public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
- Attributes attributes) throws SAXException
- {
- System.out.println("start element");
- }
-
- @Override
- public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
- throws SAXException
- {
- System.out.println("finish element");
- }
- }
- import java.io.File;
- import java.util.Stack;
-
- import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
- import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
-
- import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
- import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
- import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
-
- public class SaxTest2
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
-
- SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser();
-
- parser.parse(new File("student.xml"), new MyHandler2());
- }
- }
-
- class MyHandler2 extends DefaultHandler
- {
- private Stack<String> stack = new Stack<String>();
-
- private String name;
-
- private String gender;
-
- private String age;
-
- @Override
- public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
- Attributes attributes) throws SAXException
- {
- stack.push(qName);
-
- for(int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++)
- {
- String attrName = attributes.getQName(i);
- String attrValue = attributes.getValue(i);
-
- System.out.println(attrName + "=" + attrValue);
- }
- }
-
- @Override
- public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
- throws SAXException
- {
- String tag = stack.peek();
-
- if("姓名".equals(tag))
- {
- name = new String(ch, start,length);
- }
- else if("性別".equals(tag))
- {
- gender = new String(ch, start, length);
- }
- else if("年齡".equals(tag))
- {
- age = new String(ch, start, length);
- }
- }
-
- @Override
- public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
- throws SAXException
- {
- stack.pop();
-
- if("學生".equals(qName))
- {
- System.out.println("姓名:" + name);
- System.out.println("性別:" + gender);
- System.out.println("年齡:" + age);
-
- System.out.println();
- }
-
- }
- }
JDOM:編程
JDOM是一個開源項目,它基於樹型結構,利用純JAVA的技術對XML文檔實現解析、生成、序列化以及多種操做。(http://jdom.org)dom
•JDOM 直接爲JAVA編程服務。它利用更爲強有力的JAVA語言的諸多特性(方法重載、集合概念等),把SAX和DOM的功能有效地結合起來。ide
•JDOM是用Java語言讀、寫、操做XML的新API函數。在直接、簡單和高效的前提下,這些API函數被最大限度的優化。函數
jdom建立xml性能
- import java.io.FileWriter;
-
- import org.jdom.Attribute;
- import org.jdom.Comment;
- import org.jdom.Document;
- import org.jdom.Element;
- import org.jdom.output.Format;
- import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;
-
- public class JDomTest1
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- Document document = new Document();
-
- Element root = new Element("root");
-
- document.addContent(root);
-
- Comment comment = new Comment("This is my comments");
-
- root.addContent(comment);
-
- Element e = new Element("hello");
-
- e.setAttribute("sohu", "www.sohu.com");
-
- root.addContent(e);
-
- Element e2 = new Element("world");
-
- Attribute attr = new Attribute("test", "hehe");
-
- e2.setAttribute(attr);
-
- e.addContent(e2);
-
- e2.addContent(new Element("aaa").setAttribute("a", "b")
- .setAttribute("x", "y").setAttribute("gg", "hh").setText("text content"));
-
-
- Format format = Format.getPrettyFormat();
-
- format.setIndent(" ");
-
- XMLOutputter out = new XMLOutputter(format);
-
- out.output(document, new FileWriter("jdom.xml"));
-
- }
- }
JDOM解析xml優化
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.util.List;
-
- import org.jdom.Attribute;
- import org.jdom.Document;
- import org.jdom.Element;
- import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder;
- import org.jdom.output.Format;
- import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;
-
- public class JDomTest2
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- SAXBuilder builder = new SAXBuilder();
-
- Document doc = builder.build(new File("jdom.xml"));
-
- Element element = doc.getRootElement();
-
- System.out.println(element.getName());
-
- Element hello = element.getChild("hello");
-
- System.out.println(hello.getText());
-
- List list = hello.getAttributes();
-
- for(int i = 0 ;i < list.size(); i++)
- {
- Attribute attr = (Attribute)list.get(i);
-
- String attrName = attr.getName();
- String attrValue = attr.getValue();
-
- System.out.println(attrName + "=" + attrValue);
- }
-
- hello.removeChild("world");
-
- XMLOutputter out = new XMLOutputter(Format.getPrettyFormat().setIndent(" "));
-
-
- out.output(doc, new FileOutputStream("jdom2.xml"));
-
- }
- }
Dom4jui
- import java.io.FileOutputStream;
- import java.io.FileWriter;
-
- import org.dom4j.Document;
- import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
- import org.dom4j.Element;
- import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
- import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
-
- public class Test1
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- Element root = DocumentHelper.createElement("student");
- Document document = DocumentHelper.createDocument(root);
-
- root.addAttribute("name", "zhangsan");
-
- Element helloElement = root.addElement("hello");
- Element worldElement = root.addElement("world");
-
- helloElement.setText("hello");
- worldElement.setText("world");
-
- helloElement.addAttribute("age", "20");
-
- XMLWriter xmlWriter = new XMLWriter();
- xmlWriter.write(document);
-
- OutputFormat format = new OutputFormat(" ", true);
-
- XMLWriter xmlWriter2 = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("student2.xml"), format);
- xmlWriter2.write(document);
-
- XMLWriter xmlWriter3 = new XMLWriter(new FileWriter("student3.xml"), format);
-
- xmlWriter3.write(document);
- xmlWriter3.close();
-
- }
- }
- import java.io.File;
- import java.util.Iterator;
- import java.util.List;
-
- import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
- import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
-
- import org.dom4j.Document;
- import org.dom4j.Element;
- import org.dom4j.io.DOMReader;
- import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
-
- public class Test2
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();
-
- Document doc = saxReader.read(new File("student2.xml"));
-
- Element root = doc.getRootElement();
-
- System.out.println("root element: " + root.getName());
-
- List childList = root.elements();
-
- System.out.println(childList.size());
-
- List childList2 = root.elements("hello");
-
- System.out.println(childList2.size());
-
- Element first = root.element("hello");
-
- System.out.println(first.attributeValue("age"));
-
- for(Iterator iter = root.elementIterator(); iter.hasNext();)
- {
- Element e = (Element)iter.next();
-
- System.out.println(e.attributeValue("age"));
- }
-
- System.out.println("---------------------------");
-
- DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
- DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
- org.w3c.dom.Document document = db.parse(new File("student2.xml"));
-
- DOMReader domReader = new DOMReader();
-
-
- Document d = domReader.read(document);
-
- Element rootElement = d.getRootElement();
-
- System.out.println(rootElement.getName());
-
- }
- }
- import java.io.FileWriter;
-
- import org.jdom.Attribute;
- import org.jdom.Document;
- import org.jdom.Element;
- import org.jdom.output.Format;
- import org.jdom.output.XMLOutputter;
-
- public class Test3
- {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
- {
- Document document = new Document();
-
- Element root = new Element("聯繫人列表").setAttribute(new Attribute("公司",
- "A集團"));
-
- document.addContent(root);
-
- Element contactPerson = new Element("聯繫人");
-
- root.addContent(contactPerson);
-
- contactPerson
- .addContent(new Element("姓名").setText("張三"))
- .addContent(new Element("公司").setText("A公司"))
- .addContent(new Element("電話").setText("021-55556666"))
- .addContent(
- new Element("地址")
- .addContent(new Element("街道").setText("5街"))
- .addContent(new Element("城市").setText("上海"))
- .addContent(new Element("省份").setText("上海市")));
-
- XMLOutputter output = new XMLOutputter(Format.getPrettyFormat()
- .setIndent(" ").setEncoding("gbk"));
-
- output.output(document, new FileWriter("contact.xml"));
-
- }
- }