Oracle 12C 補丁升級

升級步驟

• Oracle 12.2.0.1升級至12.2.0.1.190115

一、閱讀readme文件
二、檢查更新opatch
三、備份程序
四、使用opatchauto工具進行數據庫升級
五、打OJVM補丁

一、閱讀readme文件

二、檢查更新opatch

【12.1.0.2.0】版本是12.1.0.1.3 更新至12.2.0.1.13之上
【12.2.0.1.0】版本是12.2.0.1.6 更新至12.2.0.1.12之上
--更新opatch
https://updates.oracle.com/download/6880880.html Opatch下載地址
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch version
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches

chmod -R 777 /oracle/soft/p6880880_122010_Linux-x86-64.zip

--------------------------------oracle opatch
su - oracle
ls -ld $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch*
mv $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch`date +\%Y\%m\%d`bak && cd /oracle/soft && unzip p6880880_122010_Linux-x86-64.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch version

RAC環境下沒法在grid用戶下直接執行，會報權限不足，須要root用戶mv opatch
--------------------------------grid opatch
su - grid
ls -ld $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch*
cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
pwd
su - 
mv /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/OPatch /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/OPatch`date +\%Y\%m\%d`
unzip /oracle/soft/p6880880_122010_Linux-x86-64.zip -d /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/OPatch
su - grid
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch version

三、備份程序

【備份軟件】
su - root
mkdir -p /oracle/backup_soft
nohup tar -cvf /oracle/backup_soft/`date +\%Y\%m\%d`_oracle.tar            /oracle/app/oracle            >/oracle/backup_soft/`date +\%Y\%m\%d`_oracle.tar.log &
nohup tar -cvf /oracle/backup_soft/`date +\%Y\%m\%d`_12.2.0.tar            /oracle/app/12.2.0            >/oracle/backup_soft/`date +\%Y\%m\%d`_12.2.0.tar.log &
nohup tar -cvf /oracle/backup_soft/`date +\%Y\%m\%d`_grid.tar              /oracle/app/grid              >/oracle/backup_soft/`date +\%Y\%m\%d`_grid.tar.log &
nohup tar -cvf /oracle/backup_soft/`date +\%Y\%m\%d`_oraInventory.tar      /oracle/app/oraInventory      >/oracle/backup_soft/`date +\%Y\%m\%d`_oraInventory.tar.log &
nohup tar -cvf /oracle/backup_soft/`date +\%Y\%m\%d`_etc.tar               /etc                          >/oracle/backup_soft/`date +\%Y\%m\%d`_etc.tar.log &

四、使用opatchauto工具進行數據庫升級

su – root
mkdir -p /oracle/soft/12c_patch
cd /oracle/soft/12c_patch
unzip /oracle/soft/p28980109_122010_Linux-x86-64.zip -d /oracle/soft/12c_patch
chmod -R 777 /oracle/soft/12c_patch

方法1：GI和DB分開打
【To patch only the GI home】
su - root
export UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION=/oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109
export GI_HOME=/oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
export PATH=$PATH:$GI_HOME/OPatch
opatchauto apply $UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION/28828733 -oh $GI_HOME -analyze
opatchauto apply $UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION/28828733 -oh $GI_HOME


【To patch only the DB home】
su - root
export UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION=/oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109
export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
opatchauto apply $UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION/28828733 -oh $ORACLE_HOME -analyze
opatchauto apply $UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION/28828733 -oh $ORACLE_HOME

方法2：GI+DB一塊兒打
su - root
export UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION=/oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109
export GI_HOME=/oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
export PATH=$PATH:$GI_HOME/OPatch
opatchauto apply $UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION/28828733 -analyze
opatchauto apply $UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION/28828733

--12C補丁列表信息
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch version
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory

--檢查數據字典中補丁信息
set lines 500 pages 500 
col description for a80
col action_time for a35
col action for a10
col comments for a50
col VERSION for a20
col NAMESPACE for a20
col BUNDLE_SERIES for a20
select * from registry$history;
select patch_id,version,action,status,action_time,description from dba_registry_sqlpatch;

五、打OJVM補丁

【OJVM】
一、ojvm補丁檢查
su - oracle
export PATCH_TOP_DIR=/oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph $PATCH_TOP_DIR/28790651

二、關閉全部服務（shut down all the services (database, ASM, listeners, nodeapps, and CRS daemons)
For an Oracle RAC environment, shut down all the services (database, ASM, listeners, nodeapps, and CRS daemons) running from the Oracle home on all the nodes you want to patch. su – root
/oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl stop cluster -all -----中止全部節點集羣服務


三、打OJVM補丁,全部節點都要打（OPatch is used on only one node at a time.）
su - oracle
export PATCH_TOP_DIR=/oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
cd $PATCH_TOP_DIR/28790651
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches
$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory


四、啓服務 (After all nodes are patched, start all services. )
su – root
/oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl start cluster -all -----啓動全部節點集羣服務


五、Loading Modified SQL Files Into the Database
1)Starting the Database for Post Installation Steps in an Oracle RAC Environment
On only one node, perform the following steps to start an Oracle RAC database in startup upgrade mode. 

sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup 啓動全部服務的時候數據庫資源以及啓動了
SQL> alter system set cluster_database=false scope=spfile;

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl stop database -d ndscdb
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup upgrade

2)
cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
./datapatch -verbose  過程見下面
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> shutdown immediate;

3)Restarting the Database after Running the Post Installation Steps in an Oracle RAC Environment

To start the database back in normal mode

sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup
SQL> alter system set cluster_database=true scope=spfile;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl start database -d ndscdb


六、失效對象
cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> @utlrp.sql

set lin 300 pages 5000
col object_name for a40
col owner for a20
select count(*) from dba_objects where status='INVALID';
select count(*) from dba_objects where status='INVALID' and owner='SYS';
select owner,object_name,object_type,status from dba_objects where status='INVALID';


七、檢查數據字典中補丁信息
set lines 500 pages 500 
col description for a75
col action_time for a35
col action for a10
col comments for a50
col VERSION for a25
col NAMESPACE for a20
col BUNDLE_SERIES for a20
select * from registry$history;
select patch_id,version,action,status,action_time,description from dba_registry_sqlpatch;

附 升級補丁日誌

--補丁安裝日誌
WWJD-DB1:/root #export UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION=/oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109
WWJD-DB1:/root #export GI_HOME=/oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
WWJD-DB1:/root #export PATH=$PATH:$GI_HOME/OPatch
WWJD-DB1:/root #opatchauto apply $UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION/28828733 -oh $GI_HOME

OPatchauto session is initiated at Mon Jan 28 13:53:33 2019

System initialization log file is /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchautodb/systemconfig2019-01-28_01-53-36PM.log.

Session log file is /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/opatchauto2019-01-28_01-53-48PM.log
The id for this session is D6KS

Executing OPatch prereq operations to verify patch applicability on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
Patch applicability verified successfully on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid


Bringing down CRS service on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
Prepatch operation log file location: /oracle/app/grid/crsdata/WWJD-db1/crsconfig/crspatch_WWJD-db1_2019-01-27_09-54-06PM.log
CRS service brought down successfully on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid


Start applying binary patch on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
Binary patch applied successfully on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid


Starting CRS service on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
Postpatch operation log file location: /oracle/app/grid/crsdata/WWJD-db1/crsconfig/crspatch_WWJD-db1_2019-01-27_09-58-04PM.log
CRS service started successfully on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid

OPatchAuto successful.

--------------------------------Summary--------------------------------

Patching is completed successfully. Please find the summary as follows:

Host:WWJD-db1
CRS Home:/oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
Version:12.2.0.1.0
Summary:

==Following patches were SUCCESSFULLY applied:

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/26839277
Log: /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_13-55-08PM_1.log

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28566910
Log: /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_13-55-08PM_1.log

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28822515
Log: /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_13-55-08PM_1.log

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28864846
Log: /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_13-55-08PM_1.log

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28870605
Log: /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_13-55-08PM_1.log



OPatchauto session completed at Mon Jan 28 14:06:37 2019
Time taken to complete the session 13 minutes, 4 seconds
WWJD-DB1:/root #



WWJD-DB1:/root #export UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION=/oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109
WWJD-DB1:/root #export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
WWJD-DB1:/root #export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
WWJD-DB1:/root #opatchauto apply $UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION/28828733 -oh $ORACLE_HOME -analyze

OPatchauto session is initiated at Mon Jan 28 14:13:12 2019

System initialization log file is /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatchautodb/systemconfig2019-01-28_02-13-16PM.log.

Session log file is /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/opatchauto2019-01-28_02-14-04PM.log
The id for this session is 1RQ4

Executing OPatch prereq operations to verify patch applicability on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Patch applicability verified successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1


Verifying SQL patch applicability on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
SQL patch applicability verified successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1

OPatchAuto successful.

--------------------------------Summary--------------------------------

Analysis for applying patches has completed successfully:

Host:WWJD-db1
RAC Home:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Version:12.2.0.1.0


==Following patches were SKIPPED:

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28864846
Reason: This patch is not applicable to this specified target type - "rac_database"

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/26839277
Reason: This patch is not applicable to this specified target type - "rac_database"

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28566910
Reason: This patch is not applicable to this specified target type - "rac_database"


==Following patches were SUCCESSFULLY analyzed to be applied:

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28870605
Log: /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_14-14-14PM_1.log

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28822515
Log: /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_14-14-14PM_1.log



OPatchauto session completed at Mon Jan 28 14:14:44 2019
Time taken to complete the session 1 minute, 32 seconds

WWJD-DB1:/root #opatchauto apply $UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION/28828733 -oh $ORACLE_HOME

OPatchauto session is initiated at Mon Jan 28 14:15:18 2019

System initialization log file is /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatchautodb/systemconfig2019-01-28_02-15-21PM.log.

Session log file is /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/opatchauto2019-01-28_02-15-46PM.log
The id for this session is DJVQ

Executing OPatch prereq operations to verify patch applicability on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Patch applicability verified successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1


Verifying SQL patch applicability on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
SQL patch applicability verified successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1


Preparing to bring down database service on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Successfully prepared home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1 to bring down database service


Bringing down database service on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Following database(s) and/or service(s) are stopped and will be restarted later during the session: ndscdb
Database service successfully brought down on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1


Performing prepatch operation on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Perpatch operation completed successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1


Start applying binary patch on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Binary patch applied successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1


Performing postpatch operation on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Postpatch operation completed successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1


Starting database service on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Database service successfully started on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1


Preparing home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1 after database service restarted
No step execution required.........
 

Trying to apply SQL patch on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
SQL patch applied successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1

OPatchAuto successful.

--------------------------------Summary--------------------------------

Patching is completed successfully. Please find the summary as follows:

Host:WWJD-db1
RAC Home:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Version:12.2.0.1.0
Summary:

==Following patches were SKIPPED:

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28864846
Reason: This patch is not applicable to this specified target type - "rac_database"

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/26839277
Reason: This patch is not applicable to this specified target type - "rac_database"

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28566910
Reason: This patch is not applicable to this specified target type - "rac_database"


==Following patches were SUCCESSFULLY applied:

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28822515
Log: /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_14-17-17PM_1.log

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28870605
Log: /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_14-17-17PM_1.log



OPatchauto session completed at Mon Jan 28 14:20:23 2019
Time taken to complete the session 5 minutes, 6 seconds
WWJD-DB1:/root #

    節點2 

WWJD-DB2:/root #export UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION=/oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109
WWJD-DB2:/root #export GI_HOME=/oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
WWJD-DB2:/root #export PATH=$PATH:$GI_HOME/OPatch
WWJD-DB2:/root #opatchauto apply $UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION/28828733

OPatchauto session is initiated at Mon Jan 28 16:21:56 2019

System initialization log file is /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchautodb/systemconfig2019-01-28_04-21-59PM.log.

Session log file is /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/opatchauto2019-01-28_04-22-27PM.log
The id for this session is SW7K

Executing OPatch prereq operations to verify patch applicability on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Executing OPatch prereq operations to verify patch applicability on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid

Patch applicability verified successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Patch applicability verified successfully on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid


Verifying SQL patch applicability on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
SQL patch applicability verified successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1


Preparing to bring down database service on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Successfully prepared home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1 to bring down database service


Bringing down CRS service on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
Prepatch operation log file location: /oracle/app/grid/crsdata/WWJD-db2/crsconfig/crspatch_WWJD-db2_2019-01-28_00-23-06AM.log
CRS service brought down successfully on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid


Performing prepatch operation on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Perpatch operation completed successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1


Start applying binary patch on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Binary patch applied successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1


Performing postpatch operation on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Postpatch operation completed successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1


Start applying binary patch on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
Binary patch applied successfully on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid


Starting CRS service on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
Postpatch operation log file location: /oracle/app/grid/crsdata/WWJD-db2/crsconfig/crspatch_WWJD-db2_2019-01-28_00-35-56AM.log
CRS service started successfully on home /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid


Preparing home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1 after database service restarted
No step execution required.........
 

Trying to apply SQL patch on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
SQL patch applied successfully on home /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1

OPatchAuto successful.

--------------------------------Summary--------------------------------

Patching is completed successfully. Please find the summary as follows:

Host:WWJD-db2
RAC Home:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Version:12.2.0.1.0
Summary:

==Following patches were SKIPPED:

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28864846
Reason: This patch is not applicable to this specified target type - "rac_database"

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/26839277
Reason: This patch is not applicable to this specified target type - "rac_database"

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28566910
Reason: This patch is not applicable to this specified target type - "rac_database"


==Following patches were SUCCESSFULLY applied:

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28822515
Log: /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_16-31-15PM_1.log

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28870605
Log: /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_16-31-15PM_1.log


Host:WWJD-db2
CRS Home:/oracle/app/12.2.0/grid
Version:12.2.0.1.0
Summary:

==Following patches were SUCCESSFULLY applied:

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/26839277
Log: /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_16-32-45PM_1.log

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28566910
Log: /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_16-32-45PM_1.log

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28822515
Log: /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_16-32-45PM_1.log

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28864846
Log: /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_16-32-45PM_1.log

Patch: /oracle/soft/12c_patch/28980109/28828733/28870605
Log: /oracle/app/12.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatchauto/core/opatch/opatch2019-01-28_16-32-45PM_1.log



OPatchauto session completed at Mon Jan 28 16:42:00 2019
Time taken to complete the session 20 minutes, 4 seconds
WWJD-DB2:/root #