你可能會在不少組件裏用到數據/實用工具,可是不想污染全局做用域。這種狀況下,你能夠經過在原型上定義它們使其在每一個 Vue 的實例中可用。vue
Vue.prototype.$appName = 'My App'
假如咱們全局定義一個實例屬性,這樣就能夠在全部vue實例中使用。webpack
例如:git
main.jsgithub
// The Vue build version to load with the `import` command // (runtime-only or standalone) has been set in webpack.base.conf with an alias. import Vue from 'vue' import App from './App' import router from './router' Vue.config.productionTip = false Vue.prototype.$appName = 'hello world' //全局定義一個實例屬性 /* eslint-disable no-new */ new Vue({ el: '#app', router, components: { App }, template: '<App/>' })HelloWorld.vue(這樣就能夠在各個vue實例中使用)web
<template> <div class="hello"> <button @click="handleClick">按鈕</button> </div> </template> <script> export default { name: 'HelloWorld', data () { return { appName: 'Welcome to Your Vue.js App' } }, methods: { handleClick(){ let data = this.$appName; console.log('kkkk',data); // hello world } } } </script> <!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only --> <style scoped> </style>注意:在這裏咱們能夠看到,在用原型去定義一個實例屬性的時候,咱們在屬性名的前方加了一個 '$',好比咱們剛纔定義的屬性名'appName'的前方就有一個'$',其實這麼作的目的就是:避免與在各個vue實例中已定義相同名稱的屬性發生衝突。app
假如咱們不加'$',會發生什麼狀況呢?工具
main.jsui
// The Vue build version to load with the `import` command // (runtime-only or standalone) has been set in webpack.base.conf with an alias. import Vue from 'vue' import App from './App' import router from './router' Vue.config.productionTip = false Vue.prototype.appName = 'hello world' //全局定義一個實例屬性 /* eslint-disable no-new */ new Vue({ el: '#app', router, components: { App }, template: '<App/>' })HelloWorld.vuethis
<template> <div class="hello"> <button @click="handleClick">按鈕</button> </div> </template> <script> export default { name: 'HelloWorld', data () { return { appName: 'Welcome to Your Vue.js App' } }, methods: { handleClick(){ let data = this.appName; console.log('kkkk',data); // Welcome to Your Vue.js App } } } </script> <!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only --> <style scoped> </style>從上面咱們能夠看出打印的結果是不同的,由於全局定義的屬性名與實例中定義的屬性名是相同的,因此你獲得的只是各個實例中的數據,而不是全局中想要獲得的數據,因此爲了區別開纔要加個‘$’,加什麼不重要,是隨意的,重要的是避免衝突。prototype
不是全局配置:
HelloWorld.vue
<template> <div class="hello"> <button @click="handleClick">按鈕</button> </div> </template> <script> import Vue from 'vue' Vue.prototype.$exe = { //定義一個屬性 num: '23' } export default { name: 'HelloWorld', data () { return { //appName:this.$exe.num } }, methods: { handleClick(){ //let data = this.appName; //23 let data = this.$exe.num; //23 console.log('kkkk',data); } } } </script> <!-- Add "scoped" attribute to limit CSS to this component only --> <style scoped> </style>