C# 類的序列化和反序列化

   序列化 (Serialization)將對象的狀態信息轉換爲能夠存儲或傳輸的形式的過程。在序列化期間，對象將其當前狀態寫入到臨時或持久性存儲區。之後，能夠經過從存儲區中讀取或反序列化對象的狀態，從新建立該對象。（摘自百度百科）

   在不少通信或者數據存儲的過程當中，都須要序列化和反序列化的過程。

 

　　在C#中，若是想要進行自定義類的序列化，只須要簡單地在定義類的時候添加Serializable標籤便可。如：

    [Serializable]
    public class Person
    {
        public string name;
        public int age;
    }

　　常常用到的序列化方式有兩種：二進制和XML，分爲由System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary.BinaryFormatter和System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer實現。

　　BinaryFormatter進行序列化和反序列化的時候，不會關心實際類型。可是XmlSerializer須要。

　　

　　本身寫的一個簡單的序列化輔助類

　　

    public static class SerializeHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 使用UTF8編碼將byte數組轉成字符串
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string ConvertToString(byte[] data)
        {
            return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data , 0 , data.Length);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用指定字符編碼將byte數組轉成字符串
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <param name="encoding"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string ConvertToString(byte[] data , Encoding encoding)
        {
            return encoding.GetString(data , 0 , data.Length);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用UTF8編碼將字符串轉成byte數組
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="str"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static byte[] ConvertToByte(string str)
        {
            return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用指定字符編碼將字符串轉成byte數組
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="str"></param>
        /// <param name="encoding"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static byte[] ConvertToByte(string str , Encoding encoding)
        {
            return encoding.GetBytes(str);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 將對象序列化爲二進制數據 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static byte[] SerializeToBinary(object obj)
        {
            MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream( );
            BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter( );
            bf.Serialize(stream , obj);

            byte[] data = stream.ToArray( );
            stream.Close( );

            return data;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 將對象序列化爲XML數據
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="obj"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static byte[] SerializeToXml(object obj)
        {
            MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream( );
            XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType( ));
            xs.Serialize(stream , obj);

            byte[] data = stream.ToArray( );
            stream.Close( );

            return data;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 將二進制數據反序列化
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static object DeserializeWithBinary(byte[] data)
        {
            MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream( );
            stream.Write(data , 0 , data.Length);
            stream.Position = 0;
            BinaryFormatter bf = new BinaryFormatter( );
            object obj = bf.Deserialize(stream);

            stream.Close( );

            return obj;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 將二進制數據反序列化爲指定類型對象
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static T DeserializeWithBinary<T>(byte[] data)
        {
            return (T)DeserializeWithBinary(data);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 將XML數據反序列化爲指定類型對象
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static T DeserializeWithXml<T>(byte[] data)
        {
            MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream( );
            stream.Write(data , 0 , data.Length);
            stream.Position = 0;
            XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
            object obj = xs.Deserialize(stream);

            stream.Close( );

            return (T)obj;
        }
    }

 

　　注意，在反序列化的時候，將byte[]寫入流之後，須要將遊標移到首位，即將Position置零，不然反序列化將報錯。