【起航計劃 024】2015 起航計劃 Android APIDemo的魔鬼步伐 23 App->Notification->IncomingMessage 狀態欄通知

應用程序能夠使用Notifications來通知用戶某個事件發生了(如收到短信)。類NotificationManager 用來處理Notification, NotificationManager能夠:windows

  • 在Status Bar上顯示一個新的圖標。
  • 在Extended status bar 窗口上顯示附加信息或是啓動一個Activity。
  • 顯示背光/LED。
  • 使設備震動。
  • 發出聲音等。

對於一些沒有UI的應用程序組件(如Broadcast Receiver, Services)或是非活動狀態的Activity,Notification是推薦使用的能夠提醒用戶注意的方法。app

Notification一般是在Status Bar上顯示圖標或是文字,此時用戶若是想了解Notification的詳細內容,能夠按住Status Bar下拉顯示Expanded Status bar 窗口,在Expanded Status bar窗口顯示該Notification詳情並能夠啓動對應的Activity。dom

IncomingMessage 示例介紹了Notification的通常用法:this

1. 首先是取得NotificationManager 對象:spa

        // look up the notification manager service
        NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

 2. 而後建立Notification,建立Notification時指定顯示在Status bar的圖標,文字以及顯示Notification的時間:code

        // construct the Notification object.
        Notification notif = new Notification(R.drawable.stat_sample, tickerText,
                System.currentTimeMillis());

 

 3. 而後定義當用戶打開Extented status windows窗口時的標題及詳情。Notification經常表明了一個請求或者須要引發注意的事件,所以能夠指定一個PendingIntent來響應用戶點擊這個Notification。orm

        // The details of our fake message
        CharSequence from = "Joe";
        CharSequence message;
        switch ((new Random().nextInt()) % 3) {
            case 0: message = "r u hungry?  i am starved"; break;
            case 1: message = "im nearby u"; break;
            default: message = "kthx. meet u for dinner. cul8r"; break;
        }

        // The PendingIntent to launch our activity if the user selects this
        // notification.  Note the use of FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT so that, if there
        // is already an active matching pending intent, cancel it and replace
        // it with the new array of Intents.
        PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivities(this, 0,
                makeMessageIntentStack(this, from, message), PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT);

        // The ticker text, this uses a formatted string so our message could be localized
        String tickerText = getString(R.string.imcoming_message_ticker_text, message);

        // construct the Notification object.
        Notification notif = new Notification(R.drawable.stat_sample, tickerText,
                System.currentTimeMillis());

        // Set the info for the views that show in the notification panel.
        notif.setLatestEventInfo(this, from, message, contentIntent);

        // We'll have this notification do the default sound, vibration, and led.
        // Note that if you want any of these behaviors, you should always have
        // a preference for the user to turn them off.
        notif.defaults = Notification.DEFAULT_ALL;

 

4. 最後是觸發這個Notification:對象

        // Note that we use R.layout.incoming_message_panel as the ID for
        // the notification.  It could be any integer you want, but we use
        // the convention of using a resource id for a string related to
        // the notification.  It will always be a unique number within your
        // application.
        nm.notify(R.string.imcoming_message_ticker_text, notif);

 

通常來講對應同一個事件能夠使用同一個Notification來通知用戶,nm.notify的第一個參數爲Notification 的ID,類型爲整數。 能夠使用同一個ID來表示同一個Notification,也能夠使用這個ID來取消這個Notification,在IncomingMessage 中當用戶點擊顯示了這個IncomingMessage詳情後,會取消這個Notification(類IncomingMessageView中)。blog

nm.cancel(R.string.imcoming_message_ticker_text);  

 

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