Docker入門之安裝教程

本篇介紹了在Mac OS, Windows, Linux下的Docker安裝方法。linux

先來一個官方的介紹:git

Docker Engine is available for Linux (CentOS, Debian, Fedora, Oracle Linux, RHEL, SUSE, and Ubuntu) or Windows Server operating systems and is based on containerd - the open source container runtime project that Docker donated to the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) in 2017. It is available as both a free community-supported engine and as a commercially-supported enterprise engine (Docker Engine-Enterprise) that also forms the foundation for an enterprise container platform.github

基本上全平臺已經覆蓋,英文好的同窗,能夠自取。docker

Mac OS上的Docker安裝方法方法一官方dmg:ubuntu

官方下載地址:windows

Docker Descktop for Maccentos

對系統的要求:bash

Requires Apple Mac OS Sierra 10.12 or above. Download Docker Toolbox for previous OS versions.app

只要系統是 Mac OS Sierra 10.12以上便可。curl

下載完Docker.dmg安裝包以後,雙擊便可以安裝,可能須要系統管理員權限,輸入密碼便可。

運行事後,小圖標:

圖片裂了,聯繫:lw96@live.comMac上Docker安裝運行以後

安裝完以後,在終端工具中,使用docker version來查看Docker版本。

圖片裂了,聯繫:lw96@live.comdocker版本

設置中國區加速地址:

圖片裂了,聯繫:lw96@live.comdocker加速

阿里雲加速:Docker 鏡像加速器

方法二brew cask:

brew update

brew cask install docker

刪除的方法, 還須要手動刪除Docker.app

brew cask uninstall docker上面的命令將會把Docker安裝在Applications目錄下。

Windows上Docker安裝官方下載地址:Docker Desktop for Windows

對系統的要求:

Requires Microsoft Windows 10 Professional or Enterprise 64-bit. For previous versions get Docker Toolbox.

須要Windows 10專業版及企業的64位版本,在Windows server 2016以上親測是可用的。Windows 8/7/Vista/Xp之類的,就別想了,老實去裝Windows 10或者虛擬機中去使用。

圖片裂了,聯繫:lw96@live.comwindows-docker安裝示例

Linux上Docker安裝Centos中Docker安裝方法先刪除舊的版本(若是沒有能夠跳過)

$ sudo yum remove docker docker-client docker-client-latest docker-common docker-latest docker-latest-logrotate docker-logrotate docker-engine安裝必須的依賴:

$ sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2添加stable的Docker-ce的源:

$ sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo安裝docker-ce:

$ sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io選擇指定的安裝版本(可選)

$ yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r

docker-ce.x86_64 3:18.09.1-3.el7 docker-ce-stabledocker-ce.x86_64 3:18.09.0-3.el7 docker-ce-stabledocker-ce.x86_64 18.06.1.ce-3.el7 docker-ce-stabledocker-ce.x86_64 18.06.0.ce-3.el7 docker-ce-stable咱們來舉個例子,好比咱們要安裝3:18.09.1-3.el7這個版本,使用以下命令結構:

$ sudo yum install docker-ce- docker-ce-cli- containerd.io命令說明:

第一部分是docker-ce,第二部分是版本號18.09.1,看明白了嗎?就是這樣子:

$ sudo yum install -y docker-ce-18.09.1 docker-ce-cli-18.09.1啓動服務並測試一下:

啓動服務

sudo systemctl start docker

來一個Hello World吧

sudo docker run hello-worldUnable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locallylatest: Pulling from library/hello-world1b930d010525: Pull completeDigest: sha256:2557e3c07ed1e38f26e389462d03ed943586f744621577a99efb77324b0fe535Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:

  1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
  2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
  3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
  4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:$ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:https://docs.docker.com/get-started/若是看到上面的提示,說明Docker已經成功安裝並運行了了。

關於升級&刪除:

升級:

更新全部

yum -y update

更新指定

yum -y update docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io刪除:

sudo yum remove docker-ce

刪除文件系統

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dockerDebian中Docker的安裝方法刪除舊的版本(可跳過)

$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc安裝依賴:

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg2 software-properties-common

添加GPG key

$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

$ sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88

pub 4096R/0EBFCD88 2017-02-22Key fingerprint = 9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88uid Docker Release (CE deb)sub 4096R/F273FCD8 2017-02-22使用stable安裝源:

x86_64 / amd64armhfarm64$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable"安裝docker-ce:

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io安裝指定的版本:(可選)

$ apt-cache madison docker-ce

docker-ce | 5:18.09.1~3-0~debian-stretch | https://download.docker.com/linux/debian stretch/stable amd64 Packagesdocker-ce | 5:18.09.0~3-0~debian-stretch | https://download.docker.com/linux/debian stretch/stable amd64 Packagesdocker-ce | 18.06.1~ce~3-0~debian | https://download.docker.com/linux/debian stretch/stable amd64 Packagesdocker-ce | 18.06.0~ce~3-0~debian | https://download.docker.com/linux/debian stretch/stable amd64 Packages...安裝格式:

$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce= docker-ce-cli= containerd.io舉例說明:好比要安裝5:18.09.1~3-0~debian-stretch版本的docker的話:

$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce=18.09.1 docker-ce-cli=18.09.1 containerd.io啓動服務並測試:

$ sudo service docker start

查看Docker運行狀態

$ sudo service docker status

$ sudo docker run hello-worldUbuntu中Docker安裝方法刪除舊的版本(可跳過)

$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc安裝依賴:

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common

添加GPG key

$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

$ sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88

pub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [SCEA]9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88uid [ unknown] Docker Release (CE deb)sub rsa4096 2017-02-22 [S]使用stable安裝源:

x86_64/amd64armhfarm64ppc64le (IBM Power)s390x (IBM Z)$ sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"安裝docker-ce:

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io安裝指定的版本:(可選)

$ apt-cache madison docker-ce

docker-ce | 5:18.09.1~3-0~ubuntu-xenial | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu xenial/stable amd64 Packagesdocker-ce | 5:18.09.0~3-0~ubuntu-xenial | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu xenial/stable amd64 Packagesdocker-ce | 18.06.1~ce~3-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu xenial/stable amd64 Packagesdocker-ce | 18.06.0~ce~3-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu xenial/stable amd64 Packages...安裝格式:

$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce= docker-ce-cli= containerd.io舉例說明:好比要安裝5:18.09.1~3-0~ubuntu-xenial版本的docker的話:

$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce=18.09.1 docker-ce-cli=18.09.1 containerd.io啓動服務並測試:

$ sudo service docker start

查看Docker運行狀態

$ sudo service docker status

$ sudo docker run hello-worldDocker-compose集合命令Compose工具是一個批量工具,用於運行與管理多個docker容器。

官方文檔:Install Docker Compose

在Mac/Windows中,已經集成了docker-compose命令

在WindowsServer中 先啓動PowerShell

[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12而後運行以下命令:

Invoke-WebRequest "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.23.2/docker-compose-Windows-x86_64.exe" -UseBasicParsing -OutFile $Env:ProgramFilesDockerdocker-compose.exe而後測試一下:docker-compose --version

Linux中:

下載docker-compose

sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.23.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

給予執行權限

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

測試命令

$ docker-compose --versiondocker-compose version 1.23.2, build 1110ad01已禁用此文檔中的部份內容

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