CCNA實驗一（cisco路由器的基本操做）

CCNA實驗一（cisco路由器的基本操做）

1.實驗目的：熟悉路由器的基本操做包括：設備命名，設置登陸信息，設置特權密碼，console密碼及Telnet配置，管理口IP地址配置，系統時間，接口信息描述等。

2.實驗拓撲圖：

 

3.實驗步驟：

1）啓動路由器：

System Bootstrap, Version 12.1(3r)T2, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 2000 by cisco Systems, Inc.
cisco 2811 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x200) with 60416K/5120K bytes of memory

Self decompressing the p_w_picpath :
######################### [OK]
              Restricted Rights Legend

Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.

           cisco Systems, Inc.
           170 West Tasman Drive
           San Jose, California 95134-1706

 

Cisco IOS Software, 2800 Software (C2800NM-IPBASE-M), Version 12.3(14)T7, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2006 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 22-Mar-06 18:40 by pt_team
Image text-base: 0x40095498, data-base: 0x414E0000

cisco 2811 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x200) with 60416K/5120K bytes of memory
Processor board ID JAD05190MTZ (4292891495)
M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49
1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
12 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
6 Low-speed serial(sync/async) network interface(s)
239K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
62720K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)
Cisco IOS Software, 2800 Software (C2800NM-IPBASE-M), Version 12.3(14)T7, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2006 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 22-Mar-06 18:40 by pt_team

Press RETURN to get started!

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan1, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1/0, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1/1, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1/2, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1/3, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Ethernet0/3/0, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/1, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/1/0, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/1/1, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/1/2, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/1/3, changed state to up

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to administratively down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to administratively down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1/0, changed state to administratively down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1/1, changed state to administratively down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1/2, changed state to administratively down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1/3, changed state to administratively down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Ethernet0/3/0, changed state to administratively down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/0, changed state to administratively down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/1, changed state to administratively down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/1/0, changed state to administratively down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/1/1, changed state to administratively down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/1/2, changed state to administratively down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/1/3, changed state to administratively down

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan1, changed state to administratively down

%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
 

2）全局模式下路由器命名爲Router2811：

Router>en
Router#config t
Router(config)#hostname Router2811
Router2811(config)#

3）全局模式下更改系統時間(須要到真機上實驗)：

Router2811(config)#clock set 15:41:52 March 06 2012            //設置時間
Router2811#show clock             //查看時間

4）路由器設置登陸信息：welcome to Router2811。

Router2811(config)#banner motd #welcome to Router2811#       //注意motd與#之間有空格
Router2811(config)#end            // 一次退出到特權模式
Router2811#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Router2811#exit         //退出終端窗口後再次進入到用戶模式便可看到登陸消息

Router2811 con0 is now available

Press RETURN to get started.

welcome to Router2811

Router2811>

5）接口描述配置，給serial 0/0/1接口配置描述信息：Link to serial 0/0/1 of Router2811

Router2811(config)#interface serial 0/0/1
Router2811(config-if)#description Link to serial 0/0/1 of Router2811
Router2811(config-if)#end    
Router2811#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Router2811#
Router2811#show run          //在特權模式查看配置信息如接口，如下紅色字體
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 1589 bytes
!
version 12.3
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Router2811
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
 no ip address
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
 no ip address
 duplex auto
 speed auto
 shutdown
!
interface Serial0/0/0
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface Serial0/0/1
 description Link to serial 0/0/1 of Router2811
 no ip address
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet0/1/0
 switchport mode access
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet0/1/1
 switchport mode access
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet0/1/2
 switchport mode access
 shutdown
!
interface FastEthernet0/1/3
 switchport mode access
 shutdown
!
interface Serial0/2/0
 --More--

6）console線路端口（經過配置線+超級終端鏈接路由器，物理鏈接）密碼配置：

Router2811#config t       //進入全局模式
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router2811(config)#line con 0         //進入到console線路配置模式
Router2811(config-line)#password 123456    //設置密碼
Router2811(config-line)#login        //登陸時必須輸入口令
Router2811(config-line)#end        
Router2811#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

Router2811#write     //保存配置
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router2811#exit       //退出終端窗口

Router2811 con0 is now available

Press RETURN to get started.

welcome to Router2811

User Access Verification

Password: 123456                     //再次進入須要輸入上面設置的密碼

另外:console端口也可設置本地數據庫密碼：

Router2811(config)#username admin secret 123456       //添加本地數據庫用戶和密碼
Router2811(config)#line con 0          //進入到console
Router2811(config-line)#login local                //使用路由器本地配置的用戶和口令登陸
Router2811(config-line)#end
 

7）VTY虛擬終端（經過網絡鏈接路由器進行管理如telnet和ssh鏈接）

Router2811#
Router2811#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router2811(config)#line vty 0 4
Router2811(config-line)#password 123456
Router2811(config-line)#login
Router2811(config-line)#

8）特權密碼設置

密文密碼加密

Router2811#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router2811(config)#enable secret 123456       //特權密文密碼
Router2811(config)#end
Router2811#
 

明文密碼加密

Router2811#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router2811(config)#enable password 123456   //明文密碼，二者同時設置明文密碼失效
Router2811(config)#service password-encryption     //明文密碼加密
Router2811(config)#end
Router2811#
 

9)路由器接口IP設置

Router2811#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router2811(config)#int fa0/0
Router2811(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0       //配置接口IP
Router2811(config-if)#no shutdown    //激活端口
Router2811(config-if)#end
Router2811#

10）查看路由相關信息

Router2811#show run                     //查看在RAM中當前配置

Router2811#show start                   //查看在NVRAM中已保存的配置

Router2811#show version               //查看路由器基本信息如型號、版本、IOS信息等

11）查看接口相關信息

Router2811#show interface            //查看路由器上全部接口的詳細信息

Router2811#show interface fa0/1           //查看路由器上特定接口的詳細信息

Router2811#show ip interface brief         //查看路由器上全部接口的摘要信息

12）保存RAM中當前配置到NVRAM中

Router2811#write

或者

Router2811#copy run start