隨着時間的發展,Serverless 架構愈來愈火熱,其按量付費、彈性伸縮等諸多優質特性,讓人眼前一亮,不得不驚歎雲計算爲咱們帶來的便利。html
本實踐經過一個博客系統的開發,和你們簡單地體驗一下基於 Serverless 架構的博客系統是什麼樣的。前端
flask-admin
,放入到一個函數中來解決。爲何前臺要那麼多函數,後臺用一個框架?整個項目就用一個框架很差麼?首先要回答,整個項目用一個框架也是能夠的,可是並很差。例如這個項目的後臺,使用的是 Flask 框架,用了 flask-admin
來作後臺管理,這個開發過程很簡單,可能整個後臺就一百來行代碼就搞定了,可是這涉及到:python
登錄功能怎麼作?很是抱歉,函數並不能像傳統開發,將客戶的一些登陸信息緩存到機器上,可是客戶端依舊可使用 cookie,因此利用這個方法,能夠作如下流程:mysql
問題來了:git
項目開發過程主要就是數據庫的增刪改查,爲了更加適應 Serverless 架構下的項目開發,也爲了提升項目的開發效率特總結了相關的開發技巧和經驗。github
因爲是作一個簡單的博客,因此數據庫相對設計比較簡單,只有文章表、分類表以及標籤表、評論表等,總體的 ER 圖以下所示:web
對於開發調試,我在每一個函數後面增長了對應觸發器的調試方案,例如 APIGW 觸發器,我增長了如下代碼:redis
def test(): event = { "requestContext": { "serviceId": "service-f94sy04v", "path": "/test/{path}", "httpMethod": "POST", "requestId": "c6af9ac6-7b61-11e6-9a41-93e8deadbeef", "identity": { "secretId": "abdcdxxxxxxxsdfs" }, "sourceIp": "14.17.22.34", "stage": "release" }, "headers": { "Accept-Language": "en-US,en,cn", "Accept": "text/html,application/xml,application/json", "Host": "service-3ei3tii4-251000691.ap-guangzhou.apigateway.myqloud.com", "User-Agent": "User Agent String" }, "body": json.dumps({"id": 1}), .... .... } print(main_handler(event, None)) if __name__ == "__main__": test()
在實際上,我每次想要看一下運行效果,我都會執行這個文件:sql
{'id': 1, 'title': '', 'watched': 1, 'category': '熱點新聞', 'publish': '2020-02-13 00:45:52', 'tags': [], 'next': {}, 'pre': {}} {'uuid': '749ca9f6-4dfb-11ea-9c5b-acde48001122', 'error': False, 'message': ''}
能夠認爲,是在經過本地模擬一些線上環境。固然,若是有 redis 等一些須要內網資源的函數,就比較麻煩,可是我這作法,能夠用於絕大部分函數。包括後臺的 Flaks 框架部分:數據庫
def test(): event = {'body': 'name=sdsadasdsadasd&remark=', 'headerParameters': {}, 'headers': { 'accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9', 'accept-encoding': 'gzip, deflate', 'accept-language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9', 'cache-control': 'no-cache', 'connection': 'keep-alive', 'content-length': '27', 'content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'cookie': 'Hm_lvt_a0c900918361b31d762d9cf4dc81ee5b=1574491278,1575257377', 'endpoint-timeout': '15', 'host': 'blog.0duzhan.com', 'origin': 'http://blog.0duzhan.com', 'pragma': 'no-cache', 'proxy-connection': 'keep-alive', 'referer': 'http://blog.0duzhan.com/admin/tag/new/?url=%2Fadmin%2Ftag%2F', 'upgrade-insecure-requests': '1', 'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/79.0.3945.130 Safari/537.36', 'x-anonymous-consumer': 'true', 'x-api-requestid': '656622f3b008a0d406a376809b03b52c', 'x-b3-traceid': '656622f3b008a0d406a376809b03b52c', 'x-qualifier': '$LATEST'}, 'httpMethod': 'POST', 'path': '/admin/tag/new/', 'pathParameters': {}, 'queryString': {'url': '/admin/tag/'}, 'queryStringParameters': {}, 'requestContext': {'httpMethod': 'ANY', 'identity': {}, 'path': '/admin', 'serviceId': 'service-23ybmuq7', 'sourceIp': '119.123.224.87', 'stage': 'release'}} print(main_handler(event, None)) if __name__ == "__main__": test()
index 執行結果:
{'body': 'name=sdsadasdsadasd&remark=', 'headerParameters': {}, 'headers': {'accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9', 'accept-encoding': 'gzip, deflate', 'accept-language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9', 'cache-control': 'no-cache', 'connection': 'keep-alive', 'content-length': '27', 'content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'cookie': 'Hm_lvt_a0c900918361b31d762d9cf4dc81ee5b=1574491278,1575257377', 'endpoint-timeout': '15', 'host': 'blog.0duzhan.com', 'origin': 'http://blog.0duzhan.com', 'pragma': 'no-cache', 'proxy-connection': 'keep-alive', 'referer': 'http://blog.0duzhan.com/admin/tag/new/?url=%2Fadmin%2Ftag%2F', 'upgrade-insecure-requests': '1', 'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/79.0.3945.130 Safari/537.36', 'x-anonymous-consumer': 'true', 'x-api-requestid': '656622f3b008a0d406a376809b03b52c', 'x-b3-traceid': '656622f3b008a0d406a376809b03b52c', 'x-qualifier': '$LATEST'}, 'httpMethod': 'POST', 'path': '/admin/tag/new/', 'pathParameters': {}, 'queryString': {'url': '/admin/tag/'}, 'queryStringParameters': {}, 'requestContext': {'httpMethod': 'ANY', 'identity': {}, 'path': '/admin', 'serviceId': 'service-23ybmuq7', 'sourceIp': '119.123.224.87', 'stage': 'release'}} {'isBase64Encoded': False, 'statusCode': 200, 'headers': {'Content-Type': 'text/html'}, 'body': '<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang="en">\n<head>\n <meta charset="UTF-8">\n <title>Title</title>\n <script>\n var url = window.location.href\n url = url.split("admin")[0] + "admin"\n String.prototype.endWith = function (s) {\n var d = this.length - s.length;\n return (d >= 0 && this.lastIndexOf(s) == d)\n }\n if (window.location.href != url) {\n if (!window.location.href.endsWith("admin") || !window.location.href.endsWith("admin/"))\n window.location = url\n }\n\n function doLogin() {\n var xmlhttp = window.XMLHttpRequest ? (new XMLHttpRequest()) : (new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"))\n xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = function () {\n if (xmlhttp.readyState == 4 && xmlhttp.status == 200) {\n if (JSON.parse(xmlhttp.responseText)["token"]) {\n document.cookie = "token=" + JSON.parse(xmlhttp.responseText)["token"];\n window.location = `http://${window.location.host}/admin`\n } else {\n alert(JSON.parse(xmlhttp.responseText)["message"])\n }\n }\n }\n xmlhttp.open("POST", window.location.pathname, true);\n xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/json");\n xmlhttp.send(JSON.stringify({\n "username": document.getElementById("username").value,\n "password": document.getElementById("password").value,\n }));\n }\n </script>\n</head>\n<body>\n\n<center><h1>Serverless Blog 後臺管理</h1>\n 管理帳號:<input type="text" id="username"><br>\n 管理密碼:<input type="password" id="password"><br>\n <input type="reset"><input type="submit" onclick="doLogin()"><br>\n</center>\n</body>\n</html>'}
Flask 部署到 Serverless 架構能夠用 @serverless/tencent-flask
,可是這裏爲了更加深刻了解傳統框架如何部署到 Serverless
架構,因此此處自行「造輪子」實現,先來看一張圖:
在一般狀況下,咱們使用 Flask 等框架實際上要經過 web_server,進入到下一個環節,而咱們雲函數更可能是一個函數,本不須要啓動 web server,因此咱們就能夠直接調用 wsgi_app
這個方法,其中這裏的 environ 就是咱們剛纔的經過對 event/context 等進行處理後的對象,start_response
能夠認爲是咱們的一種特殊的數據結構,例如咱們的 response 結構形態等。因此,若是咱們本身想要實現這個過程,不使用騰訊雲 flask-component,能夠這樣作:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright 2016 Matt Martz # All Rights Reserved. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may # not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain # a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT # WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the # License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations # under the License. import sys import json try: from urllib import urlencode except ImportError: from urllib.parse import urlencode from flask import Flask try: from cStringIO import StringIO except ImportError: try: from StringIO import StringIO except ImportError: from io import StringIO from werkzeug.wrappers import BaseRequest __version__ = '0.0.4' def make_environ(event): environ = {} for hdr_name, hdr_value in event['headers'].items(): hdr_name = hdr_name.replace('-', '_').upper() if hdr_name in ['CONTENT_TYPE', 'CONTENT_LENGTH']: environ[hdr_name] = hdr_value continue http_hdr_name = 'HTTP_%s' % hdr_name environ[http_hdr_name] = hdr_value apigateway_qs = event['queryStringParameters'] request_qs = event['queryString'] qs = apigateway_qs.copy() qs.update(request_qs) body = '' if 'body' in event: body = event['body'] environ['REQUEST_METHOD'] = event['httpMethod'] environ['PATH_INFO'] = event['path'] environ['QUERY_STRING'] = urlencode(qs) if qs else '' environ['REMOTE_ADDR'] = 80 environ['HOST'] = event['headers']['host'] environ['SCRIPT_NAME'] = '' environ['SERVER_PORT'] = 80 environ['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] = 'HTTP/1.1' environ['CONTENT_LENGTH'] = str(len(body)) environ['wsgi.url_scheme'] = '' environ['wsgi.input'] = StringIO(body) environ['wsgi.version'] = (1, 0) environ['wsgi.errors'] = sys.stderr environ['wsgi.multithread'] = False environ['wsgi.run_once'] = True environ['wsgi.multiprocess'] = False BaseRequest(environ) return environ class LambdaResponse(object): def __init__(self): self.status = None self.response_headers = None def start_response(self, status, response_headers, exc_info=None): self.status = int(status[:3]) self.response_headers = dict(response_headers) class FlaskLambda(Flask): def __call__(self, event, context): if 'httpMethod' not in event: print('httpMethod not in event') # In this "context" `event` is `environ` and # `context` is `start_response`, meaning the request didn't # occur via API Gateway and Lambda return super(FlaskLambda, self).__call__(event, context) response = LambdaResponse() # print response.start_response body = next(self.wsgi_app( make_environ(event), response.start_response )) # return { # "isBase64Encoded": False, # "statusCode": 200, # "headers": {'Content-Type': 'text/html'}, # "body": body # } return { 'statusCode': response.status, 'headers': response.response_headers, 'body': body }
這個代碼,能夠將 APIGW 過來的請求,變成請求集成的形式,傳送給 Flask 框架,用戶能夠經過 request.form
來獲取 post 內容,經過 request.args
獲取 get 內容等。
全局變量可能包括用戶帳號,密碼,雲的密鑰信息,數據庫信息等,爲了統一配置和修改,可使用我本身寫的全局變量組件:
# 函數們的總體配置信息 Conf: component: "serverless-global" inputs: region: ap-shanghai runtime: Python3.6 handler: index.main_handler include_common: ./common blog_user: Dfounder blog_email: service@anycodes.cn blog_about_me: 這就是個人博客 blog_host: blog.0duzhan.com website_title: Serverless Blog System website_keywords: Serverless, Serverless Framework, Tencent Cloud, SCF website_description: 一款基於騰訊雲Serverless架構,而且採用Serverless Framework構建的Serverless博客系統。 website_bucket: serverless-blog-1256773370 mysql_host: mysql_user: root mysql_password: mysql_port: 60510 mysql_db: serverless_blog_system admin_user: mytest admin_password: mytestabc tencent_secret_id: tencent_secret_key: tencent_appid:
在使用的時候,能夠直接用,例如函數:
Blog_Web_addComment: component: "@serverless/tencent-scf" inputs: name: Blog_Web_addComment description: 添加評論 codeUri: ./cloudFunctions/addComment handler: ${Conf.handler} runtime: ${Conf.runtime} region: ${Conf.region} include: - ${Conf.include_common} environment: variables: mysql_host: ${Conf.mysql_host} mysql_port: ${Conf.mysql_port} mysql_user: ${Conf.mysql_user} mysql_password: ${Conf.mysql_password} mysql_db: ${Conf.mysql_db}
爲了讓項目更容易初始化,例如我修改網站的名字,描述,關鍵詞,或者我須要創建數據庫等。因此這個時候我單獨作了一個 init 文件:
# -*- coding: utf8 -*- import pymysql import shutil import yaml import os def setEnv(): try: file = open("./serverless.yaml", 'r', encoding="utf-8") file_data = file.read() file.close() data = yaml.load(file_data) for eveKey, eveValue in data['Conf']['inputs'].items(): os.environ[eveKey] = str(eveValue) return True except Exception as e: raise e def initDb(): try: conn = pymysql.connect(host=os.environ.get('mysql_host'), user=os.environ.get('mysql_user'), password=os.environ.get('mysql_password'), port=int(os.environ.get('mysql_port')), charset='utf8') cursor = conn.cursor() sql = "CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS {db_name}".format(db_name=os.environ.get('mysql_db')) cursor.execute(sql) cursor.close() conn.close() return True except Exception as e: raise e def initTable(): try: conn = pymysql.connect(host=os.environ.get('mysql_host'), user=os.environ.get('mysql_user'), password=os.environ.get('mysql_password'), port=int(os.environ.get('mysql_port')), db=os.environ.get('mysql_db'), charset='utf8', cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor, autocommit=1) cursor = conn.cursor() createTags = "CREATE TABLE `tags` ( `tid` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL , `remark` TEXT NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`tid`), UNIQUE (`name`)) ENGINE = InnoDB;" createCategory = "CREATE TABLE `category` ( `cid` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL , `sorted` INT NOT NULL DEFAULT '1' , `remark` TEXT NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`cid`), UNIQUE (`name`)) ENGINE = InnoDB;" createComments = "CREATE TABLE `comments` ( `cid` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `content` TEXT NOT NULL , `publish` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP , `user` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL , `email` VARCHAR(255) NULL , `photo` INT NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' , `article` INT NOT NULL , `remark` TEXT NULL , `uni_mark` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL , `is_show` INT NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' , PRIMARY KEY (`cid`), UNIQUE (`uni_mark`)) ENGINE = InnoDB;" createArticle = "CREATE TABLE `article` ( `aid` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `title` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL , `content` TEXT NOT NULL , `description` TEXT NOT NULL , `publish` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP , `watched` INT NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' , `category` INT NOT NULL , `remark` TEXT NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`aid`)) ENGINE = InnoDB;" createArticleTags = "CREATE TABLE `article_tags` ( `atid` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `aid` INT NOT NULL , `tid` INT NOT NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`atid`)) ENGINE = InnoDB;" alertArticleTagsArticle = "ALTER TABLE `article_tags` ADD CONSTRAINT `article` FOREIGN KEY (`aid`) REFERENCES `article`(`aid`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE; " alertArticleTagsTags = "ALTER TABLE `article_tags` ADD CONSTRAINT `tags` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `tags`(`tid`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;" alertArticleCategory = "ALTER TABLE `article` ADD CONSTRAINT `category` FOREIGN KEY (`category`) REFERENCES `category`(`cid`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;" alertCommentsArticle = "ALTER TABLE `comments` ADD CONSTRAINT `article_comments` FOREIGN KEY (`article`) REFERENCES `article`(`aid`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE;" cursor.execute(createTags) cursor.execute(createCategory) cursor.execute(createComments) cursor.execute(createArticle) cursor.execute(createArticleTags) cursor.execute(alertArticleTagsArticle) cursor.execute(alertArticleTagsTags) cursor.execute(alertArticleCategory) cursor.execute(alertCommentsArticle) cursor.close() conn.close() return True except Exception as e: raise e def initHTML(): try: tempPath = "website" tempDist = os.path.join(tempPath, "dist") if os.path.exists(tempDist): shutil.rmtree(tempDist) tempFileList = [] for eve in os.walk(tempPath): if eve[2]: for eveFile in eve[2]: tempFileList.append(os.path.join(eve[0], eveFile)) os.mkdir(tempDist) for eve in tempFileList: temp = os.path.split(eve.replace(tempPath, tempDist)) if not os.path.exists(temp[0]): os.makedirs(temp[0]) if eve.endswith(".html") or eve.endswith(".htm"): with open(eve) as readData: with open(eve.replace(tempPath, tempDist), "w") as writeData: writeData.write(readData.read(). replace('{{ user }}', os.environ.get('blog_user')). replace('{{ email }}', os.environ.get('blog_email')). replace('{{ title }}', os.environ.get('website_title')). replace('{{ keywords }}', os.environ.get('website_keywords')). replace('{{ about_me }}', os.environ.get('blog_about_me')). replace('{{ host }}', os.environ.get('blog_host')). replace('{{ description }}', os.environ.get('website_description'))) else: shutil.copy(eve, eve.replace(tempPath, tempDist)) return True except Exception as e: raise e if __name__ == "__main__": print("獲取Yaml數據: ", setEnv()) print("創建數據庫:", initDb()) print("創建數據庫:", initTable()) print("初始化HTML:", initHTML())
在項目中會有不少公共組件,例如數據庫的部分,因此我把數據庫的代碼,統一放到了一塊兒:common/mysqlCommon.py
:
# -*- coding: utf8 -*- import os import re import pymysql import hashlib from random import choice class mysqlCommon: def __init__(self): self.getConnection({ "host": os.environ.get('mysql_host'), "user": os.environ.get('mysql_user'), "port": int(os.environ.get('mysql_port')), "db": os.environ.get('mysql_db'), "password": os.environ.get('mysql_password') }) def getDefaultPic(self): return choice([ 'http://t8.baidu.com/it/u=1484500186,1503043093&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=1280&h=853', 'http://t8.baidu.com/it/u=2247852322,986532796&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=1280&h=853', 'http://t7.baidu.com/it/u=3204887199,3790688592&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=4610&h=2968', 'http://t9.baidu.com/it/u=3363001160,1163944807&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=1280&h=830', 'http://t9.baidu.com/it/u=583874135,70653437&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=3607&h=2408', 'http://t9.baidu.com/it/u=583874135,70653437&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=3607&h=2408', 'http://t9.baidu.com/it/u=1307125826,3433407105&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=5760&h=3240', 'http://t9.baidu.com/it/u=2268908537,2815455140&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=1280&h=719', 'http://t7.baidu.com/it/u=1179872664,290201490&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=1280&h=854', 'http://t9.baidu.com/it/u=3949188917,63856583&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=1280&h=875', 'http://t9.baidu.com/it/u=2266751744,4253267866&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=1280&h=854', 'http://t8.baidu.com/it/u=4100756023,1345858297&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=1280&h=854', 'http://t7.baidu.com/it/u=1355385882,1155324943&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=1280&h=854', 'http://t9.baidu.com/it/u=2292037961,3689236171&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=1280&h=854', 'http://t9.baidu.com/it/u=4241966675,2405819829&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=1280&h=854', 'http://t8.baidu.com/it/u=2857883419,1187496708&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=1280&h=763', 'http://t8.baidu.com/it/u=198337120,441348595&fm=79&app=86&f=JPEG?w=1280&h=732' ]) def getConnection(self, conf): self.connection = pymysql.connect(host=conf['host'], user=conf['user'], password=conf['password'], port=int(conf['port']), db=conf['db'], charset='utf8', cursorclass=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor, autocommit=1) def doAction(self, stmt, data): try: self.connection.ping(reconnect=True) cursor = self.connection.cursor() cursor.execute(stmt, data) result = cursor cursor.close() return result except Exception as e: print(e) try: cursor.close() except: pass return False def getCategoryList(self): search_stmt = ( "SELECT * FROM `category` ORDER BY `sorted`" ) result = self.doAction(search_stmt, ()) if result == False: return False return [{"id": eveCategory['cid'], "name": eveCategory['name']} for eveCategory in result.fetchall()] def getArticleList(self, category, tag, page=1): if category: search_stmt = ( "SELECT article.*,category.name FROM `article` LEFT JOIN `category` ON article.category=category.cid WHERE article.category=%s ORDER BY -article.aid LIMIT %s,%s;" ) count_stmt = ( "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `article` LEFT JOIN `category` ON article.category=category.cid WHERE article.category=%s;" ) data = (category, 10 * (int(page) - 1), 10 * int(page)) count_data = (category,) elif tag: search_stmt = ( "SELECT article.* FROM `article` LEFT JOIN `article_tags` ON article.aid=article_tags.aid WHERE article_tags.tid=%s ORDER BY -article.aid LIMIT %s,%s;" ) count_stmt = ( "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `article`LEFT JOIN `article_tags` ON article.aid=article_tags.aid WHERE article_tags.tid=%s;" ) data = (tag, 10 * (int(page) - 1), 10 * int(page)) count_data = (tag,) else: search_stmt = ( "SELECT article.*,category.name FROM `article` LEFT JOIN `category` ON article.category=category.cid ORDER BY -article.aid LIMIT %s,%s;" ) count_stmt = ( "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `article` LEFT JOIN `category` ON article.category=category.cid; " ) data = (10 * (int(page) - 1), 10 * int(page)) count_data = () result = self.doAction(search_stmt, data) if result == False: return False return {"data": [{"id": eveArticle['aid'], "title": eveArticle['title'], "description": eveArticle['description'], "watched": eveArticle['watched'], "category": eveArticle['category'], "publish": str(eveArticle['publish']), "picture": self.getPicture(eveArticle['content'])} for eveArticle in result.fetchall()], "count": self.doAction(count_stmt, count_data).fetchone()["COUNT(*)"]} def getHotArticleList(self): search_stmt = ( "SELECT article.*,category.name FROM `article` LEFT JOIN `category` ON article.category=category.cid ORDER BY article.watched LIMIT 0,5" ) result = self.doAction(search_stmt, ()) if result == False: return False return [{"id": eveArticle['aid'], "title": eveArticle['title'], "description": eveArticle['description'], "watched": eveArticle['watched'], "category": eveArticle['category'], "publish": str(eveArticle['publish']), "picture": self.getPicture(eveArticle['content'])} for eveArticle in result.fetchall()] def getTagsArticle(self, aid): search_stmt = ( "SELECT tags.name, tags.tid FROM `article_tags` LEFT JOIN `tags` ON article_tags.tid=tags.tid WHERE article_tags.aid=%s;" ) result = self.doAction(search_stmt, (aid,)) if result == False: return False return [{"id": eveTag["tid"], "name": eveTag["name"]} for eveTag in result.fetchall()] def getTagsList(self): search_stmt = ( "SELECT * FROM tags ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT 20; " ) result = self.doAction(search_stmt, ()) if result == False: return False return [{"id": eveTag['tid'], "name": eveTag['name']} for eveTag in result.fetchall()] def getArticleContent(self, aid): search_stmt = ( "SELECT article.*, category.name FROM `category` LEFT JOIN `article` ON category.cid=article.category WHERE article.aid=%s;" ) result = self.doAction(search_stmt, (aid)) if result == False: return False article = result.fetchone() return { "id": article["aid"], "title": article["title"], "content": article["content"], "description": article["description"], "watched": article["watched"], "category": article["name"], "publish": str(article["publish"]), "tags": self.getTagsArticle(article["aid"]), "next": self.getOtherArticle(aid, "next"), "pre": self.getOtherArticle(aid, "pre") } if article else {} def getOtherArticle(self, aid, articleType): search_stmt = ( "SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE aid=(select max(aid) from `article` where aid>%s)" ) if articleType == "next" else ( "SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE aid=(select max(aid) from `article` where aid<%s)" ) result = self.doAction(search_stmt, (aid)) if result == False: return False article = result.fetchone() return { "id": article["aid"], "title": article["title"] } if article else {} def getComments(self, aid): search_stmt = ( "SELECT * FROM `comments` WHERE article=%s AND is_show=1 ORDER BY -cid LIMIT 100;" ) result = self.doAction(search_stmt, (aid)) if result == False: return False return [{"content": eveComment['content'], "publish": str(eveComment['publish']), "user": eveComment['user'], "remark": eveComment['remark']} for eveComment in result.fetchall()] def addComment(self, content, user, email, aid): insert_stmt = ( "INSERT INTO `comments` (`cid`, `content`, `publish`, `user`, `email`, `article`, `uni_mark`) " "VALUES (NULL, %s, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, %s, %s, %s, %s)" ) result = self.doAction(insert_stmt, (content, user, email, aid, hashlib.md5( ("%s----%s----%s----%s" % (str(content), str(user), str(email), str(aid))).encode("utf-8")).hexdigest())) return False if result == False else True def updateArticleWatched(self, wid): update_stmt = ( "UPDATE `article` SET `watched`=`watched`+1 WHERE `aid` = %s" ) return False if self.doAction(update_stmt, (wid)) == False else True def getPicture(self, content): resultList =[eve[1] for eve in re.findall('<img(.*?)src="(.*?)"(.*?)>', content)] return resultList[0] if resultList else self.getDefaultPic() def getTag(self, tag): search_stmt = ( "SELECT * FROM `tags` WHERE name=%s;" ) result = self.doAction(search_stmt, (tag,)) return False if not result or result.rowcount == 0 else result.fetchone()['tid'] def addTag(self, tag): insert_stmt = ( "INSERT INTO `tags` (`tid`, `name`, `remark`) " "VALUES (NULL, %s, NULL)" ) result = self.doAction(insert_stmt, (tag)) return False if result == False else result.lastrowid def addArticleTag(self, article, tag): insert_stmt = ( "INSERT INTO `article_tags` (`atid`, `aid`, `tid`) " "VALUES (NULL, %s, %s)" ) result = self.doAction(insert_stmt, (article, tag)) return False if result == False else True
這裏基本上是,這個項目須要的數據庫增刪改查的所有功能(admin 除外),在使用的時候,分爲本地和線上:
try: import returnCommon from mysqlCommon import mysqlCommon except: import common.testCommon common.testCommon.setEnv() import common.returnCommon as returnCommon from common.mysqlCommon import mysqlCommon mysql = mysqlCommon()
經過 python 的異常,若是導入沒找到,那就說明是本地測試,若是 from mysqlCommon import mysqlCommon
找到了,那就說明是線上環境。除了數據庫的公共組件,我還有 returnCommon
等公共文件。固然, 這些文件,在使用的時候也須要打包進入,能夠在 yaml 中增長 include,例如:
Blog_Web_addComment: component: "@serverless/tencent-scf" inputs: name: Blog_Web_addComment description: 添加評論 codeUri: ./cloudFunctions/addComment handler: ${Conf.handler} runtime: ${Conf.runtime} region: ${Conf.region} include: - ${Conf.include_common}
serverless.yaml
:# 函數們的總體配置信息 Conf: component: "serverless-global" inputs: region: ap-shanghai runtime: Python3.6 handler: index.main_handler include_common: ./common blog_user: Dfounder blog_email: service@anycodes.cn website_title: Serverless Blog System website_keywords: Serverless, Serverless Framework, Tencent Cloud, SCF website_description: 一款基於騰訊雲Serverless架構,而且採用Serverless Framework構建的Serverless博客系統。 website_bucket: serverless-blog-1256773370 mysql_host: mysql_password: mysql_port: mysql_db: admin_user: mytest admin_password: mytest
除了上面的內容,還要看一下域名問題(例如 CosBucket):
# 網站 CosBucket: component: '@serverless/tencent-website' inputs: code: root: website/dist src: ./ index: list.html region: ${Conf.region} bucketName: ${Conf.website_bucket} hosts: - host: 0duzhan.com https: certId: awPsOIHY forceSwitch: -1 - host: www.0duzhan.com https: certId: awPsOIHY forceSwitch: -1 env: apiUrl: ${APIService.subDomain}
以及 API 網關內容:
# 建立 API 網關 Service APIService: component: "@serverless/tencent-apigateway" inputs: region: ${Conf.region} customDomain: - domain: api.0duzhan.com isDefaultMapping: 'FALSE' pathMappingSet: - path: / environment: release protocols: - http protocols: - http - https ........
這兩部分域名能夠修改爲本身的,或者刪除掉這兩個 key
init.py
:這裏要注意,我是在 macOS 下開發的,init.py
能夠在 macOS/Linux 運行,Windows 用戶可能要適當修改一下。還有這裏面須要一個依賴:pyyaml,須要自行安裝一下。
獲取Yaml數據: True 創建數據庫: True 創建數據庫: True 初始化HTML: True
serverless --debug
(venv) ServerlessBlog:ServerlessBlog dfounderliu$ sls --debug DEBUG ─ Resolving the template's static variables. DEBUG ─ Collecting components from the template. DEBUG ─ Downloading any NPM components found in the template. DEBUG ─ Analyzing the template's components dependencies. DEBUG ─ Creating the template's components graph. DEBUG ─ Syncing template state. DEBUG ─ Executing the template's components graph. DEBUG ─ Preparing website Tencent COS bucket serverless-blog-1256773370. DEBUG ─ Starting API-Gateway deployment with name APIService in the ap-shanghai region DEBUG ─ Using last time deploy service id service-23ybmuq7 DEBUG ─ Updating service with serviceId service-23ybmuq7. DEBUG ─ Bucket "serverless-blog-1256773370" in the "ap-shanghai" region alrea ……………… - path: /web/article/watched/update method: POST apiId: api-gnvnrbyk - path: /web/sentence/get method: POST apiId: api-msvadsau - path: /web/article/list/hot/get method: POST apiId: api-kfkrjhim - path: /web/tags/list/get method: POST apiId: api-avydagem - path: /admin method: ANY apiId: api-4tnz5tc4 176s › APIService › done
傳統博客已經有不少了,不管是基於 PHP 的 zblog 仍是 wp 等開源項目,均可以幫助咱們快速搭建一個博客系統。除了這些博客系統以外,還有不少靜態博客系統。可是就目前而言,基於 Serverless 架構的博客系統仍是比較少見的。
本文經過原生的 Serverless 項目開發與 Flask 框架的部署上 Serverless 實現了一個基於 Python 語言的博客系統。經過該博客系統,用戶能夠發佈文章,自動撰寫文章的關鍵詞和摘要,還能夠進行留言評論的管理。固然,這個博客系統僅做爲工程實踐使用,實際上仍是有一些設計不合理的地方,可是我相信,隨着時間的發展,Serverless 架構愈來愈成熟,基於 Serverless 的開源 Blog 項目或 CMS 項目也會愈來愈多,期待那一天的到來!
咱們誠邀您來體驗最便捷的 Serverless 開發和部署方式。在試用期內,相關聯的產品及服務均提供免費資源和專業的技術支持,幫助您的業務快速、便捷地實現 Serverless!
詳情可查閱: Serverless Framework 試用計劃
3 秒你能作什麼?喝一口水,看一封郵件,仍是 —— 部署一個完整的 Serverless 應用?
複製連接至 PC 瀏覽器訪問: https://serverless.cloud.tenc...
3 秒極速部署,當即體驗史上最快的 Serverless HTTP 實戰開發!
傳送門:
- GitHub: github.com/serverless
- 官網:serverless.com
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