python+requests+excel+unittest+ddt接口自動化數據驅動並生成html報告（二）

能夠參考 python+requests接口自動化完整項目設計源碼（一）https://www.cnblogs.com/111testing/p/9612671.html

原文地址https://www.cnblogs.com/yoyoketang/p/8628812.html

原文地址https://www.cnblogs.com/yoyoketang/tag/python接口自動化/

原文地址https://www.cnblogs.com/yoyoketang/

原文地址https://www.cnblogs.com/yoyoketang/p/7259993.html

 

前言

1.環境準備：

• python3.6
• requests
• xlrd
• openpyxl
• HTMLTestRunner_api

2.目前實現的功能：

• 封裝requests請求方法
• 在excel填寫接口請求參數
• 運行完後，從新生成一個excel報告，結果寫入excel
• 用unittest+ddt數據驅動模式執行
• HTMLTestRunner生成可視化的html報告
• 對於沒有關聯的單個接口請求是能夠批量執行的，須要登陸的話寫到setUpclass裏的session裏保持cookies
• token關聯的不能實現
• logging日誌文件暫時未加入

3.目前已知的缺陷：

• 沒法實現參數關聯：上個請求的結果是下個請求的參數，如token
• 接口請求參數名有重複的，目前未處理，如key1=value1&key1=value2,兩個key都同樣，這種須要用元組存儲，目前暫時未判斷
• 生成的excel樣式未處理，後期慢慢優化樣式
• python新手可能遇到模塊導入報錯問題

項目結構

excel測試數據

xlrd讀excel數據

1.先從excel裏面讀取測試數據，返回字典格式

# coding:utf-8

# 做者：上海-悠悠 # QQ羣：226296743

import xlrd class ExcelUtil(): def __init__(self, excelPath, sheetName="Sheet1"): self.data = xlrd.open_workbook(excelPath) self.table = self.data.sheet_by_name(sheetName) # 獲取第一行做爲key值
        self.keys = self.table.row_values(0) # 獲取總行數
        self.rowNum = self.table.nrows # 獲取總列數
        self.colNum = self.table.ncols def dict_data(self): if self.rowNum <= 1: print("總行數小於1") else: r = [] j = 1
            for i in list(range(self.rowNum-1)): s = {} # 從第二行取對應values值
                s['rowNum'] = i+2 values = self.table.row_values(j) for x in list(range(self.colNum)): s[self.keys[x]] = values[x] r.append(s) j += 1
            return r if __name__ == "__main__": filepath = "debug_api.xlsx" sheetName = "Sheet1" data = ExcelUtil(filepath, sheetName) print(data.dict_data())

 

openpyxl寫入數據

1.再封裝一個寫入excel數據的方法

# coding:utf-8
from openpyxl import load_workbook import openpyxl # 做者：上海-悠悠 # QQ羣：226296743

def copy_excel(excelpath1, excelpath2): '''複製excek，把excelpath1數據複製到excelpath2''' wb2 = openpyxl.Workbook() wb2.save(excelpath2) # 讀取數據
    wb1 = openpyxl.load_workbook(excelpath1) wb2 = openpyxl.load_workbook(excelpath2) sheets1 = wb1.sheetnames sheets2 = wb2.sheetnames sheet1 = wb1[sheets1[0]] sheet2 = wb2[sheets2[0]] max_row = sheet1.max_row         # 最大行數
    max_column = sheet1.max_column   # 最大列數

    for m in list(range(1,max_row+1)): for n in list(range(97,97+max_column)):   # chr(97)='a'
            n = chr(n)                            # ASCII字符
            i ='%s%d'% (n, m)                     # 單元格編號
            cell1 = sheet1[i].value               # 獲取data單元格數據
            sheet2[i].value = cell1               # 賦值到test單元格
 wb2.save(excelpath2) # 保存數據
    wb1.close()                          # 關閉excel
 wb2.close() class Write_excel(object): '''修改excel數據'''
    def __init__(self, filename): self.filename = filename self.wb = load_workbook(self.filename) self.ws = self.wb.active  # 激活sheet

    def write(self, row_n, col_n, value): '''寫入數據，如(2,3，"hello"),第二行第三列寫入數據"hello"''' self.ws.cell(row_n, col_n).value = value self.wb.save(self.filename) if __name__ == "__main__": copy_excel("debug_api.xlsx", "testreport.xlsx") wt = Write_excel("testreport.xlsx") wt.write(4, 5, "HELLEOP") wt.write(4, 6, "HELLEOP")

 

封裝request請求方法

1.把從excel讀處理的數據做爲請求參數，封裝requests請求方法，傳入請求參數，並返回結果

2.爲了避免污染測試的數據，出報告的時候先將測試的excel複製都應該新的excel

3.把測試返回的結果，在新的excel裏面寫入數據

# coding:utf-8
import json import requests from excelddtdriver.common.readexcel import ExcelUtil from excelddtdriver.common.writeexcel import copy_excel, Write_excel # 做者：上海-悠悠 # QQ羣：226296743


def send_requests(s, testdata): '''封裝requests請求''' method = testdata["method"] url = testdata["url"] # url後面的params參數
    try: params = eval(testdata["params"]) except: params = None # 請求頭部headers
    try: headers = eval(testdata["headers"]) print("請求頭部：%s" % headers) except: headers = None # post請求body類型
    type = testdata["type"] test_nub = testdata['id'] print("*******正在執行用例：----- %s ----**********" % test_nub) print("請求方式：%s, 請求url:%s" % (method, url)) print("請求params：%s" % params) # post請求body內容
    try: bodydata = eval(testdata["body"]) except: bodydata = {} # 判斷傳data數據仍是json
    if type == "data": body = bodydata elif type == "json": body = json.dumps(bodydata) else: body = bodydata if method == "post": print("post請求body類型爲：%s ,body內容爲：%s" % (type, body)) verify = False res = {}   # 接受返回數據

    try: r = s.request(method=method, url=url, params=params, headers=headers, data=body, verify=verify ) print("頁面返回信息：%s" % r.content.decode("utf-8")) res['id'] = testdata['id'] res['rowNum'] = testdata['rowNum'] res["statuscode"] = str(r.status_code)  # 狀態碼轉成str
        res["text"] = r.content.decode("utf-8") res["times"] = str(r.elapsed.total_seconds())   # 接口請求時間轉str
        if res["statuscode"] != "200": res["error"] = res["text"] else: res["error"] = "" res["msg"] = ""
        if testdata["checkpoint"] in res["text"]: res["result"] = "pass"
            print("用例測試結果: %s---->%s" % (test_nub, res["result"])) else: res["result"] = "fail"
        return res except Exception as msg: res["msg"] = str(msg) return res def wirte_result(result, filename="result.xlsx"): # 返回結果的行數row_nub
    row_nub = result['rowNum'] # 寫入statuscode
    wt = Write_excel(filename) wt.write(row_nub, 8, result['statuscode'])       # 寫入返回狀態碼statuscode,第8列
    wt.write(row_nub, 9, result['times'])            # 耗時
    wt.write(row_nub, 10, result['error'])            # 狀態碼非200時的返回信息
    wt.write(row_nub, 12, result['result'])           # 測試結果 pass 仍是fail
    wt.write(row_nub, 13, result['msg'])           # 拋異常

if __name__ == "__main__": data = ExcelUtil("debug_api.xlsx").dict_data() print(data[0]) s = requests.session() res = send_requests(s, data[0]) copy_excel("debug_api.xlsx", "result.xlsx") wirte_result(res, filename="result.xlsx")

 

測試用例unittest+ddt

1.測試用例用unittest框架組建，並用ddt數據驅動模式，批量執行用例

# coding:utf-8
import unittest import ddt import os import requests from excelddtdriver.common import base_api from excelddtdriver.common import readexcel from excelddtdriver.common import writeexcel # 做者：上海-悠悠 # QQ羣：226296743

# 獲取demo_api.xlsx路徑
curpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) testxlsx = os.path.join(curpath, "demo_api.xlsx") # 複製demo_api.xlsx文件到report下
report_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(curpath), "report") reportxlsx = os.path.join(report_path, "result.xlsx") testdata = readexcel.ExcelUtil(testxlsx).dict_data() @ddt.ddt class Test_api(unittest.TestCase): @classmethod def setUpClass(cls): cls.s = requests.session() # 若是有登陸的話，就在這裏先登陸了
        writeexcel.copy_excel(testxlsx, reportxlsx) # 複製xlsx
 @ddt.data(*testdata) def test_api(self, data): # 先複製excel數據到report
        res = base_api.send_requests(self.s, data) base_api.wirte_result(res, filename=reportxlsx) # 檢查點 checkpoint
        check = data["checkpoint"] print("檢查點->：%s"%check) # 返回結果
        res_text = res["text"] print("返回實際結果->：%s"%res_text) # 斷言
        self.assertTrue(check in res_text) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main()

 

生成報告

1.用HTMLTestRunner生成html報告，我這裏改了下名稱，改爲了HTMLTestRunner_api.py
此文件跟selenium的報告是通用的，github可下載https://github.com/yoyoketang/selenium_report/tree/master/selenium_report

# coding=utf-8
import unittest import time from excelddtdriver.common import HTMLTestRunner_api import os # 做者：上海-悠悠 # QQ羣：226296743
 curpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) report_path = os.path.join(curpath, "report") if not os.path.exists(report_path): os.mkdir(report_path) case_path = os.path.join(curpath, "case") def add_case(casepath=case_path, rule="test*.py"): '''加載全部的測試用例'''
    # 定義discover方法的參數
    discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(casepath, pattern=rule,) return discover def run_case(all_case, reportpath=report_path): '''執行全部的用例, 並把結果寫入測試報告''' htmlreport = reportpath+r"\result.html"
    print("測試報告生成地址：%s"% htmlreport) fp = open(htmlreport, "wb") runner = HTMLTestRunner_api.HTMLTestRunner(stream=fp, verbosity=2, title="測試報告", description="用例執行狀況") # 調用add_case函數返回值
 runner.run(all_case) fp.close() if __name__ == "__main__": cases = add_case() run_case(cases)

 

2.生成的excel報告

3.生成的html報告

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