Android 6.0在咱們原有的AndroidManifest.xml聲明權限的基礎上,
又新增了運行時權限動態檢測,如下權限都須要在運行時判斷:css
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Android6.0系統默認爲targetSdkVersion小於23的應用默認授予了所申請的全部權限,
因此若是你之前的APP設置的targetSdkVersion低於23,在運行時也不會崩潰,
但這也只是一個臨時的救急策略,用戶仍是能夠在設置中取消授予的權限。java
聲明目標SDK版本
咱們須要在build.gradle中聲明targetSdkVersion爲23android
android { compileSdkVersion 23 buildToolsVersion "23.0.1" defaultConfig { applicationId "com.yourcomany.app minSdkVersion 18 targetSdkVersion 23 versionCode 1 versionName "1.0" } buildTypes { release { minifyEnabled false proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro' } } }
檢查並申請權限
咱們須要在用到權限的地方,每次都檢查是否APP已經擁有權限,
好比咱們有一個下載功能,須要寫SD卡的權限,
咱們在寫入以前檢查是否有WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE權限,沒有則申請權限git
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) { //申請WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE權限 ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_REQUEST_CODE); }
請求權限後,系統會彈出請求權限的Dialoggithub
用戶選擇容許或拒絕後,會回調onRequestPermissionsResult方法, 該方法相似於onActivityResultsql
@Override public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) { super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults); doNext(requestCode,grantResults); }
咱們接着須要根據requestCode和grantResults(受權結果)作相應的後續處理app
private void doNext(int requestCode, int[] grantResults) { if (requestCode == WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_REQUEST_CODE) { if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) { // Permission Granted } else { // Permission Denied } } }
在Fragment中申請權限,不要使用ActivityCompat.requestPermissions, 直接使用Fragment的requestPermissions方法,不然會回調到Activity的onRequestPermissionsResult框架
若是在Fragment中嵌套Fragment,在子Fragment中使用requestPermissions方法,onRequestPermissionsResult不會回調回來,建議使用getParentFragment().requestPermissions方法,
這個方法會回調到父Fragment中的onRequestPermissionsResult,加入如下代碼能夠把回調透傳到子Fragmentide
@Override public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) { super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults); List<Fragment> fragments = getChildFragmentManager().getFragments(); if (fragments != null) { for (Fragment fragment : fragments) { if (fragment != null) { fragment.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode,permissions,grantResults); } } } }
PermissionsDispatcher
使用標註的方式,動態生成類處理運行時權限,目前還不支持嵌套Fragment。gradle
RxPermissions
基於RxJava的運行時權限檢測框架
Grant
簡化運行時權限的處理,比較靈活
android-RuntimePermissions
Google官方的例子
如下權限只須要在AndroidManifest.xml中聲明便可使用
android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE android.permission.ACCESS_NOTIFICATION_POLICY android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE android.permission.ACCESS_WIMAX_STATE android.permission.BLUETOOTH android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE android.permission.CHANGE_WIMAX_STATE android.permission.DISABLE_KEYGUARD android.permission.EXPAND_STATUS_BAR android.permission.FLASHLIGHT android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS android.permission.GET_PACKAGE_SIZE android.permission.INTERNET android.permission.KILL_BACKGROUND_PROCESSES android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS android.permission.NFC android.permission.READ_SYNC_SETTINGS android.permission.READ_SYNC_STATS android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED android.permission.REORDER_TASKS android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES android.permission.SET_TIME_ZONE android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS android.permission.SUBSCRIBED_FEEDS_READ android.permission.TRANSMIT_IR android.permission.USE_FINGERPRINT android.permission.VIBRATE android.permission.WAKE_LOCK android.permission.WRITE_SYNC_SETTINGS com.android.alarm.permission.SET_ALARM com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT