【KakaJSON手冊】02_JSON轉Model_02_數據類型

時間 2019-11-06

標籤 KakaJSON手冊 json model 數據類型欄目 JavaScript 简体版

原文原文鏈接

因爲JSON格式能表達的數據類型是比較有限的，因此服務器返回的JSON數據有時沒法自動轉換成客戶端想要的數據類型。git

好比服務器返回的時間多是個毫秒數1565480696，但客戶端想要的是Date類型
再好比客戶端想要的是浮點數Double類型，但服務器返回的多是字符串類型"6.45"
再好比客戶端想要的是Bool類型，但服務器返回的多是"true"、"1"、0
再好比客戶端想要的是高精度浮點數NSDecimalNumber類型，服務器爲了維持精度可能返回字符串"0.1234567890123456789"
上述不一樣類型之間的匹配轉換問題，KakaJSON已經內置了經常使用的解析功能，所有自動轉換，不用作任何額外的配置。本文會介紹一些常見的數據類型匹配、轉換功能。

Int

struct Student: Convertible {
    var age1: Int8 = 6
    var age2: Int16 = 0
    var age3: Int32 = 0
    var age4: Int64 = 0
    var age5: UInt8 = 0
    var age6: UInt16 = 0
    var age7: UInt32 = 0
    var age8: UInt64 = 0
    var age9: UInt = 0
    var age10: Int = 0
    var age11: Int = 0
}

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "age1": "suan8fa8",
    "age2": "6suan8fa8",
    "age3": "6",
    "age4": 6.66,
    "age5": NSNumber(value: 6.66),
    "age6": Int32(6),
    "age7": true,
    "age8": "FALSE",
    "age9": Decimal(6.66),
    "age10": NSDecimalNumber(value: 6.66)，
    "age11": Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1565922866)
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
// 解析失敗，因此使用默認值6
XCTAssert(student.age1 == 6)
// 解析到前面的數字6
XCTAssert(student.age2 == 6)
XCTAssert(student.age3 == 6)
XCTAssert(student.age4 == 6)
XCTAssert(student.age5 == 6)
XCTAssert(student.age6 == 6)
// true爲1，false爲0
XCTAssert(student.age7 == 1)
// 字符串true\TRUE\YES\yes都爲1，字符串false\FALSE\NO\no都爲0
XCTAssert(student.age8 == 0)
XCTAssert(student.age9 == 6)
XCTAssert(student.age10 == 6)
XCTAssert(student.age11 == 1565922866)

Float

struct Student: Convertible {
    var height1: Float = 0.0
    var height2: Float = 0.0
    var height3: Float = 0.0
    var height4: Float = 0.0
    var height5: Float = 0.0
    var height6: Float = 0.0
    var height7: Float = 0.0
    var height8: Float = 0.0
    var height9: Float = 0.0
}

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "height1": "6.66suan8fa8",
    "height2": "0.12345678",
    "height3": NSDecimalNumber(string: "0.12345678"),
    "height4": Decimal(string: "0.12345678") as Any,
    "height5": 666,
    "height6": true,
    "height7": "NO",
    "height8": CGFloat(0.12345678),
    "height9": Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1565922866)
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
XCTAssert(student.height1 == 6.66)
XCTAssert(student.height2 == 0.12345678)
XCTAssert(student.height3 == 0.12345678)
XCTAssert(student.height4 == 0.12345678)
XCTAssert(student.height5 == 666.0)
// true爲1.0，false爲0.0
XCTAssert(student.height6 == 1.0)
// 字符串true\TRUE\YES\yes都爲1.0，字符串false\FALSE\NO\no都爲0.0
XCTAssert(student.height7 == 0.0)
XCTAssert(student.height8 == 0.12345678)
XCTAssert(student.height9 == 1565922866)

Double

struct Student: Convertible {
    var height1: Double = 0.0
    var height2: Double = 0.0
    var height3: Double = 0.0
    var height4: Double = 0.0
    var height5: Double = 0.0
    var height6: Double = 0.0
    var height7: Double = 0.0
    var height8: Double = 0.0
    var height9: Double = 0.0
}

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "height1": "6.66suan8fa8",
    "height2": "0.1234567890123456",
    "height3": NSDecimalNumber(string: "0.1234567890123456"),
    "height4": Decimal(string: "0.1234567890123456") as Any,
    "height5": 666,
    "height6": true,
    "height7": "NO",
    "height8": CGFloat(0.1234567890123456),
    "height9": Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1565922866)
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
XCTAssert(student.height1 == 6.66)
XCTAssert(student.height2 == 0.1234567890123456)
XCTAssert(student.height3 == 0.1234567890123456)
XCTAssert(student.height4 == 0.1234567890123456)
XCTAssert(student.height5 == 666.0)
// true爲1.0，false爲0.0
XCTAssert(student.height6 == 1.0)
// 字符串true\TRUE\YES\yes都爲1.0，字符串false\FALSE\NO\no都爲0.0
XCTAssert(student.height7 == 0.0)
XCTAssert(student.height8 == 0.1234567890123456)
XCTAssert(student.height9 == 1565922866)

CGFloat

struct Student: Convertible {
    var height1: CGFloat = 0.0
    var height2: CGFloat = 0.0
    var height3: CGFloat = 0.0
    var height4: CGFloat = 0.0
    var height5: CGFloat = 0.0
    var height6: CGFloat = 0.0
    var height7: CGFloat = 0.0
    var height8: CGFloat = 0.0
    var height9: CGFloat = 0.0
}

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "height1": "6.66suan8fa8",
    "height2": "0.1234567890123456",
    "height3": NSDecimalNumber(string: "0.1234567890123456"),
    "height4": Decimal(string: "0.1234567890123456") as Any,
    "height5": 666,
    "height6": true,
    "height7": "NO",
    "height8": 0.1234567890123456,
    "height9": Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1565922866)
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
XCTAssert(student.height1 == 6.66)
XCTAssert(student.height2 == CGFloat(0.1234567890123456))
XCTAssert(student.height3 == CGFloat(0.1234567890123456))
XCTAssert(student.height4 == CGFloat(0.1234567890123456))
XCTAssert(student.height5 == 666.0)
XCTAssert(student.height6 == 1.0)
XCTAssert(student.height7 == 0.0)
XCTAssert(student.height8 == CGFloat(0.1234567890123456))
XCTAssert(student.height9 == CGFloat(1565922866))

Bool

struct Student: Convertible {
    var rich1: Bool = false
    var rich2: Bool = false
    var rich3: Bool = false
    var rich4: Bool = false
    var rich5: Bool = false
    var rich6: Bool = false
}

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "rich1": 100,
    "rich2": 0.0,
    "rich3": "1",
    "rich4": NSNumber(value: 0.666),
    "rich5": "true",
    "rich6": "NO"
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
// 數值0爲false，數值非0都是true
XCTAssert(student.rich1 == true)
XCTAssert(student.rich2 == false)
XCTAssert(student.rich3 == true)
// 0.666是非0，因此爲true
XCTAssert(student.rich4 == true)
// 字符串true\TRUE\YES\yes都爲true
XCTAssert(student.rich5 == true)
// 字符串false\FALSE\NO\no都爲false
XCTAssert(student.rich6 == false)

String

// 無論是String、NSString，仍是NSMutableString，都是等效支持的

struct Student: Convertible {
    var name1: String = ""
    var name2: String = ""
    var name3: NSString = ""
    var name4: NSString = ""
    var name5: NSMutableString = ""
    var name6: NSMutableString = ""
    var name7: String = ""
    var name8: String = ""
    var name9: String = ""
}

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "name1": 666,
    "name2": NSMutableString(string: "777"),
    "name3": [1,[2,3],"4"],
    "name4": NSDecimalNumber(string: "0.123456789012345678901234567890123456789"),
    "name5": 6.66,
    "name6": false,
    "name7": NSURL(fileURLWithPath: "/users/mj/desktop"),
    "name8": URL(string: "http://www.520suanfa.com") as Any,
    "name9": Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1565922866)
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
XCTAssert(student.name1 == "666")
XCTAssert(student.name2 == "777")
// 這裏至關於默認調用了數組的description方法
XCTAssert(student.name3 == "[1, [2, 3], \"4\"]")
XCTAssert(student.name4 == "0.123456789012345678901234567890123456789")
XCTAssert(student.name5 == "6.66")
XCTAssert(student.name6 == "false")
XCTAssert(student.name7 == "file:///users/mj/desktop")
XCTAssert(student.name8 == "http://www.520suanfa.com")
XCTAssert(student.name9 == "1565922866")

Decimal

struct Student: Convertible {
    var money1: Decimal = 0
    var money2: Decimal = 0
    var money3: Decimal = 0
    var money4: Decimal = 0
    var money5: Decimal = 0
    var money6: Decimal = 0
    var money7: Decimal = 0
    var money8: Decimal = 0
}

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "money1": 0.1234567890123456,
    "money2": true,
    "money3": NSDecimalNumber(string: "0.123456789012345678901234567890123456789"),
    "money4": "0.123456789012345678901234567890123456789",
    "money5": 666,
    "money6": "NO",
    "money7": CGFloat(0.1234567890123456),
    "money8": Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1565922866)
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
XCTAssert(student.money1 == Decimal(string: "0.1234567890123456"))
XCTAssert(student.money2 == 1)
XCTAssert(student.money3 == Decimal(string: "0.123456789012345678901234567890123456789"))
XCTAssert(student.money4 == Decimal(string: "0.123456789012345678901234567890123456789"))
XCTAssert(student.money5 == 666)
XCTAssert(student.money6 == 0)
XCTAssert(student.money7 == Decimal(string: "0.1234567890123456"))
XCTAssert(student.money8 == Decimal(string: "1565922866"))

NSDecimalNumber

struct Student: Convertible {
    var money1: NSDecimalNumber = 0
    var money2: NSDecimalNumber = 0
    var money3: NSDecimalNumber = 0
    var money4: NSDecimalNumber = 0
    var money5: NSDecimalNumber = 0
    var money6: NSDecimalNumber = 0
    var money7: NSDecimalNumber = 0
    var money8: NSDecimalNumber = 0
}

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "money1": 0.1234567890123456,
    "money2": true,
    "money3": Decimal(string: "0.123456789012345678901234567890123456789") as Any,
    "money4": "0.123456789012345678901234567890123456789",
    "money5": 666.0,
    "money6": "NO",
    "money7": CGFloat(0.1234567890123456),
    "money8": Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1565922866)
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
XCTAssert(student.money1 == NSDecimalNumber(string: "0.1234567890123456"))
XCTAssert(student.money2 == true)
XCTAssert(student.money2 == 1)
XCTAssert(student.money3 == NSDecimalNumber(string: "0.123456789012345678901234567890123456789"))
XCTAssert(student.money4 == NSDecimalNumber(string: "0.123456789012345678901234567890123456789"))
XCTAssert(student.money5 == 666)
XCTAssert(student.money6 == false)
XCTAssert(student.money6 == 0)
XCTAssert(student.money7 == NSDecimalNumber(string: "0.1234567890123456"))
XCTAssert(student.money8 == NSDecimalNumber(string: "1565922866"))

NSNumber

struct Student: Convertible {
    var money1: NSNumber = 0
    var money2: NSNumber = 0
    var money3: NSNumber = 0
    var money4: NSNumber = 0
    var money5: NSNumber = 0
    var money6: NSNumber = 0
    var money7: NSNumber = 0
    var money8: NSNumber = 0
}

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "money1": 0.1234567890123456,
    "money2": true,
    "money3": Decimal(string: "0.1234567890123456") as Any,
    "money4": "0.1234567890123456",
    "money5": 666.0,
    "money6": "NO",
    "money7": CGFloat(0.1234567890123456),
    "money8": Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 1565922866)
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
XCTAssert(student.money1 == NSNumber(value: 0.1234567890123456))
XCTAssert(student.money2 == true)
XCTAssert(student.money2 == 1)
XCTAssert(student.money2 == 1.0)
XCTAssert(student.money3 == NSNumber(value: 0.1234567890123456))
XCTAssert(student.money4 == NSNumber(value: 0.1234567890123456))
XCTAssert(student.money5 == 666)
XCTAssert(student.money5 == 666.0)
XCTAssert(student.money6 == false)
XCTAssert(student.money6 == 0)
XCTAssert(student.money6 == 0.0)
XCTAssert(student.money7 == NSNumber(value: longDouble))
XCTAssert(student.money8 == NSNumber(value: 1565922866))

Optional

// 再多?都不是問題

struct Student: Convertible {
    var rich1: Bool = false
    var rich2: Bool? = false
    var rich3: Bool?? = false
    var rich4: Bool??? = false
    var rich5: Bool???? = false
    var rich6: Bool????? = false
}

let rich1: Int????? = 100
let rich2: Double???? = 0.0
let rich3: String??? = "0"
let rich4: NSNumber?? = NSNumber(value: 0.666)
let rich5: String? = "true"
let rich6: String = "NO"

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "rich1": rich1 as Any,
    "rich2": rich2 as Any,
    "rich3": rich3 as Any,
    "rich4": rich4 as Any,
    "rich5": rich5 as Any,
    "rich6": rich6
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
XCTAssert(student.rich1 == true)
XCTAssert(student.rich2 == false)
XCTAssert(student.rich3 == false)
XCTAssert(student.rich4 == true)
XCTAssert(student.rich5 == true)
XCTAssert(student.rich6 == false)

URL

// 支持URL和NSURL，默認會將String轉爲URL\NSURL

struct Student: Convertible {
    var url1: NSURL?
    var url2: NSURL?
    var url3: URL?
    var url4: URL?
}

let url = "http://520suanfa.com/紅黑樹"
let encodedUrl = "http://520suanfa.com/%E7%BA%A2%E9%BB%91%E6%A0%91"

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "url1": url,
    "url2": URL(string: encodedUrl) as Any,
    "url3": url,
    "url4": NSURL(string: encodedUrl) as Any
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
XCTAssert(student.url1?.absoluteString == encodedUrl)
XCTAssert(student.url2?.absoluteString == encodedUrl)
XCTAssert(student.url3?.absoluteString == encodedUrl)
XCTAssert(student.url4?.absoluteString == encodedUrl)

Data

// 支持NSData和Data，默認會將String轉爲Data\NSData

struct Student: Convertible {
    var data1: NSData?
    var data2: NSData?
    var data3: Data?
    var data4: Data?
    var data5: NSMutableData?
    var data6: NSMutableData?
}

let utf8 = String.Encoding.utf8
let str = "RedBlackTree"
let data = str.data(using: utf8)!

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "data1": str,
    "data2": data,
    "data3": str,
    "data4": NSMutableData(data: data),
    "data5": str,
    "data6": data
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
XCTAssert(String(data: (student.data1)! as Data, encoding: utf8) == str)
XCTAssert(String(data: (student.data2)! as Data, encoding: utf8) == str)
XCTAssert(String(data: (student.data3)!, encoding: utf8) == str)
XCTAssert(String(data: (student.data4)!, encoding: utf8) == str)
XCTAssert(String(data: (student.data5)! as Data, encoding: utf8) == str)
XCTAssert(String(data: (student.data6)! as Data, encoding: utf8) == str)

Date

// 支持Date和NSDate，默認會將毫秒數轉爲Date\NSDate

struct Student: Convertible {
    var date1: NSDate?
    var date2: NSDate?
    var date3: Date?
    var date4: Date?
    var date5: Date?
    var date6: Date?
    var date7: Date?
}

let milliseconds: TimeInterval = 1565922866

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "date1": milliseconds,
    "date2": Date(timeIntervalSince1970: milliseconds),
    "date3": milliseconds,
    "date4": NSDate(timeIntervalSince1970: milliseconds),
    "date5": "\(milliseconds)",
    "date6": NSDecimalNumber(string: "\(milliseconds)"),
    "date7": Decimal(string: "\(milliseconds)") as Any
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
XCTAssert(student.date1?.timeIntervalSince1970 == milliseconds)
XCTAssert(student.date2?.timeIntervalSince1970 == milliseconds)
XCTAssert(student.date3?.timeIntervalSince1970 == milliseconds)
XCTAssert(student.date4?.timeIntervalSince1970 == milliseconds)
XCTAssert(student.date5?.timeIntervalSince1970 == milliseconds)
XCTAssert(student.date6?.timeIntervalSince1970 == milliseconds)
XCTAssert(student.date7?.timeIntervalSince1970 == milliseconds)

Enum

// 遵照一下ConvertibleEnum協議便可支持帶有RawValue的Enum類型

enum Grade: String, ConvertibleEnum {
    case perfect = "A"
    case great = "B"
    case good = "C"
    case bad = "D"
}

struct Student: Convertible {
    var grade1: Grade = .perfect
    var grade2: Grade = .perfect
}

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "grade1": "C",
    "grade2": "D"
]

let student = json.kj.model(Student.self)
XCTAssert(student.grade1 == .good)
XCTAssert(student.grade2 == .bad)

// 換個浮點數試試
enum Grade2: Double, ConvertibleEnum {
    case perfect = 8.88
    case great = 7.77
    case good = 6.66
    case bad = 5.55
}

struct Student2: Convertible {
    var grade1: Grade2 = .perfect
    var grade2: Grade2 = .perfect
    var grade3: Grade2 = .perfect
    var grade4: Grade2 = .perfect
}

let json2: [String: Any] = [
    "grade1": "5.55kaka",
    "grade2": 6.66,
    "grade3": NSNumber(value: 7.77),
    "grade4": NSDecimalNumber(string: "8.88")
]

let student2 = json2.kj.model(Student2.self)
XCTAssert(student2?.grade1 == .bad)
XCTAssert(student2?.grade2 == .good)
XCTAssert(student2?.grade3 == .great)
XCTAssert(student2?.grade4 == .perfect)

Array

// 支持Array、NSArray、NSMutableArray與Set、NSSet、NSMutableSet之間自動轉換

struct Person: Convertible {
    var array1: [Int]?
    var array2: NSArray?
    var array3: NSMutableArray?
    var array4: [Int]?
    var array5: NSArray?
    var array6: NSMutableArray?
}

let array = [1, 2, 3]

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "array1": NSMutableArray(array: array),
    "array2": array,
    "array3": array,
    "array4": NSMutableSet(array: array),
    "array5": NSSet(array: array),
    "array6": Set(array),
]

let person = json.kj.model(Person.self)
XCTAssert(person.array1 == array)
XCTAssert(person.array2 == array as NSArray)
XCTAssert(person.array3 == NSMutableArray(array: array))

for i in array {
    XCTAssert(person.array4?.contains(i) == true)
    XCTAssert(person.array5?.contains(i) == true)
    XCTAssert(person.array6?.contains(i) == true)
}

Set

// 支持Set、NSSet、NSMutableSet與Array、NSArray、NSMutableArray之間自動轉換

struct Person: Convertible {
    var set1: Set<Int>?
    var set2: NSSet?
    var set3: NSMutableSet?
    var set4: Set<Int>?
    var set5: NSSet?
    var set6: NSMutableSet?
}

let array = [1, 2, 3]

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "set1": NSMutableSet(array: array),
    "set2": Set(array),
    "set3": Set(array),
    "set4": NSMutableArray(array: array),
    "set5": array,
    "set6": array
]

let person = json.kj.model(Person.self)
for i in array {
    XCTAssert(person.set1?.contains(i) == true)
    XCTAssert(person.set2?.contains(i) == true)
    XCTAssert(person.set3?.contains(i) == true)
    XCTAssert(person.set4?.contains(i) == true)
    XCTAssert(person.set5?.contains(i) == true)
    XCTAssert(person.set6?.contains(i) == true)
}

Dictionary

// 支持Dictionary、NSDictionary、NSMutableDictionary之間自動轉換

struct Person: Convertible {
    var dict1: [String: Any]?
    var dict2: NSDictionary?
    var dict3: NSMutableDictionary?
}

let dict = ["no1": 100, "no2": 200]

let json: [String: Any] = [
    "dict1": NSMutableDictionary(dictionary: dict),
    "dict2": dict,
    "dict3": dict
]

let person = json.kj.model(Person.self)
for (k, v) in dict {
    XCTAssert(person.dict1?[k] as? Int == v)
    XCTAssert(person.dict2?[k] as? Int == v)
    XCTAssert(person.dict3?[k] as? Int == v)
}