Django基礎之中間件

一:中間件python

中間件:django 中的中間件(middleware),在django中,就是一個類、在請求來和結束後,Django會根據本身的規則在合適的時機執行中間件的相應方法;django

應用:對全部請求或一部分請求作批量處理;
在django項目的settings模塊中,有一個 MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES 變量,其中每個元素就是一箇中間件;session

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
如圖↓

一、中間件能夠定義的五個方法:ide

            process_request(self,request)
            
            process_response(self,request,response)
                必須有返回值
                return response
                
            process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs)
            process_exception(self,request,exception)
            process_template_view(self,request,response)
            
            以上方法的返回值能夠是None和HttpResonse對象,若是是None,則繼續按照
            Django定義的規則向下執行,若是是HttpResonse對象,則直接將該對象返回給用戶;

二:自定義中間件spa

1、建立中間件類:
class RequestExeute(object):
      
    def process_request(self,request):
        pass
    def process_view(self, request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs):
        i =1
        pass
    def process_exception(self, request, exception):
        pass
      
    def process_response(self, request, response):
        return response

二、註冊中間件

 MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES =(
     'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware' ,
     'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware' ,
     'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware' ,
     'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware' ,
     'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware' ,
     'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware' ,
     'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware' ,
     'xiaoxiaoxiao.middleware.auth.RequestExeute' ,
)
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