Maven的pom文件中可繼承的元素包括:java
groupId:項目ID,項目座標核心元素mysql
version:項目版本redis
description:描述信息sql
organization:組織信息apache
inceptionYear:創始年份mybatis
url:項目URL地址maven
developers:開發者信息post
distributionManagement:項目部署配置ui
issueManagement:項目缺陷跟蹤系統信息url
ciManagement:項目持續集成系統信息
scm:項目版本控制系統信息
mailingLists:郵件列表
properties:自定義屬性
dependencies:依賴配置
dependencyManagement:依賴配置管理
repositories:倉庫配置
build:構建信息,包括源碼目錄,輸出目錄,插件配置,插件管理配置
reporting:項目的報告輸出目錄配置,報告插件配置。
大部分配置都是說明性質的信息配置,這裏主要介紹依賴配置,依賴管理配置,插件配置,插件管理配置。示例以下:
父項目配置文件:
<!-- 父項目自己除了一個pom.xml文件,不包含其它內容 --> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.cbm.stu</groupId> <artifactId>maven-study-parent</artifactId> <version>1.0.0</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <!-- 父項目的packing必須爲pom --> <name>maven-study-parent</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <!-- dependencies標籤中的依賴會被子項目徹底繼承:即父項目中有的依賴都會出如今子項目中 --> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.4.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <!-- 依賴管理中聲明的依賴並不會被子項目直接繼承,在子項目中須要聲明,可是隻須要聲明groupId和artifactId --> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.40</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId> <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId> <version>42.0.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>redis.clients</groupId> <artifactId>jedis</artifactId> <version>2.9.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.10</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <!-- 插件管理,可供子項目繼承 --> <pluginManagement> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.7</source> <target>1.7</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project>
子項目配置:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <!-- parent標籤聲明繼承的父項目信息 --> <parent> <groupId>com.cbm.stu</groupId> <artifactId>maven-study-parent</artifactId> <version>1.0.0</version> <!-- 父項目的pom.xml相對於當前項目的位置 --> <relativePath>../maven-study-parent/pom.xml</relativePath> </parent> <!-- groupId能夠繼承,也能夠覆蓋,一般不須要覆蓋 --> <groupId>com.cbm.stud</groupId> <!-- 不可繼承,子項目座標的關鍵屬性 --> <artifactId>maven-study-account</artifactId> <version>1.0.2</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>maven-study-account</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <!-- 父項目中dependencies標籤聲明的依賴被直接繼承,例如mybatis包 --> <dependencies> <!-- 繼承自父項目的依賴,只需指明groupId和artifactId --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <!-- 繼承自父項目的插件依賴,此處省略也可繼承 --> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
使用import屬性實現依賴的多繼承:
父項目a:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.cbm.stu</groupId> <artifactId>maven-parent-a</artifactId> <version>1.0.0</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <name>maven-parent-a</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.10</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> </project>
父項目b:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.cbm.stu</groupId> <artifactId>maven-parent-b</artifactId> <version>1.0.0</version> <packaging>pom</packaging> <name>maven-parent-b</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.4.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.40</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> </project>
繼承 a 和 b 的子項目:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.cbm.stu</groupId> <artifactId>maven-study-mail</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>maven-study-mail</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <!-- 此處繼承了a 和 b 兩個項目,type爲pom,scope 爲 import --> <dependency> <groupId>com.cbm.stu</groupId> <artifactId>maven-parent-a</artifactId> <version>1.0.0</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.cbm.stu</groupId> <artifactId>maven-parent-b</artifactId> <version>1.0.0</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <!-- 從繼承的父項目中繼承依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.7</source> <target>1.7</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
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The end!