ActiveMQ是個好東東,沒必要多說。ActiveMQ提供多種語言支持,如Java, C, C++, C#, Ruby, Perl, Python, PHP等。因爲我在windows下開發GUI,比較關心C++和C#,其中C#的ActiveMQ很簡單,Apache提供NMS(.Net Messaging Service)支持.Net開發,只需以下幾個步驟即能創建簡單的實現。C++的應用相對麻煩些,稍後寫文章介紹。 html
一、去ActiveMQ官方網站下載最新版的ActiveMQ,網址:http://activemq.apache.org/download.html。我以前下的是5.3.1,5.3.2如今也已經出來了。 apache
二、去ActiveMQ官方網站下載最新版的Apache.NMS,網址:http://activemq.apache.org/nms/download.html,須要下載Apache.NMS和Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ兩個bin包,若是對源碼感興趣,也可下載src包。這裏要提醒一下,若是下載1.2.0版本的NMS.ActiveMQ,Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.dll在實際使用中有個bug,即中止ActiveMQ應用時會拋WaitOne函數異常,查看src包中的源碼發現是因爲Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ-1.2.0-src/src/main/csharp/Transport/InactivityMonitor.cs中的以下代碼形成的,修改一下源碼從新編譯便可。看了一下最新版1.3.0已經修復了這個bug,所以下載最新版便可。 windows
- private void StopMonitorThreads()
- {
- lock(monitor)
- {
- if(monitorStarted.CompareAndSet(true, false))
- {
- AutoResetEvent shutdownEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false);
-
- // Attempt to wait for the Timers to shutdown, but don't wait
- // forever, if they don't shutdown after two seconds, just quit.
- this.readCheckTimer.Dispose(shutdownEvent);
- shutdownEvent.WaitOne(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2000));
- this.writeCheckTimer.Dispose(shutdownEvent);
- shutdownEvent.WaitOne(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(2000));
-
- //WaitOne的定義:public virtual bool WaitOne(TimeSpan timeout,bool exitContext)
-
- this.asyncTasks.Shutdown();
- this.asyncTasks = null;
- this.asyncWriteTask = null;
- this.asyncErrorTask = null;
- }
- }
- }
三、運行ActiveMQ,找到ActiveMQ解壓後的bin文件夾:.../apache-activemq-5.3.1/bin,執行activemq.bat批處理文件便可啓動ActiveMQ服務器,默認端口爲61616,這可在配置文件中修改。 服務器
四、寫C#程序實現ActiveMQ的簡單應用。新建C#工程(一個Producter項目和一個Consumer項目),WinForm或Console程序都可,這裏建的是Console工程,添加對Apache.NMS.dll和Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.dll的引用,而後便可編寫實現代碼了,簡單的Producer和Consumer實現代碼以下: session
producer: async
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Text;
- using Apache.NMS;
- using Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ;
- using System.IO;
- using System.Xml.Serialization;
- using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
-
- namespace Publish
- {
- class Program
- {
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- try
- {
- //Create the Connection Factory
- IConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory("tcp://localhost:61616/");
- using (IConnection connection = factory.CreateConnection())
- {
- //Create the Session
- using (ISession session = connection.CreateSession())
- {
- //Create the Producer for the topic/queue
- IMessageProducer prod = session.CreateProducer(
- new Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.Commands.ActiveMQTopic("testing"));
-
- //Send Messages
- int i = 0;
-
- while (!Console.KeyAvailable)
- {
- ITextMessage msg = prod.CreateTextMessage();
- msg.Text = i.ToString();
- Console.WriteLine("Sending: " + i.ToString());
- prod.Send(msg, Apache.NMS.MsgDeliveryMode.NonPersistent, Apache.NMS.MsgPriority.Normal, TimeSpan.MinValue);
-
- System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(5000);
- i++;
- }
- }
- }
-
- Console.ReadLine();
- }
- catch (System.Exception e)
- {
- Console.WriteLine("{0}",e.Message);
- Console.ReadLine();
- }
- }
- }
- }
consumer: tcp
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Text;
- using Apache.NMS;
- using Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ;
- using System.IO;
- using System.Xml.Serialization;
- using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;
-
- namespace Subscribe
- {
- class Program
- {
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- try
- {
- //Create the Connection factory
- IConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory("tcp://localhost:61616/");
-
- //Create the connection
- using (IConnection connection = factory.CreateConnection())
- {
- connection.ClientId = "testing listener";
- connection.Start();
-
- //Create the Session
- using (ISession session = connection.CreateSession())
- {
- //Create the Consumer
- IMessageConsumer consumer = session.CreateDurableConsumer(new Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.Commands.ActiveMQTopic("testing"), "testing listener", null, false);
-
- consumer.Listener += new MessageListener(consumer_Listener);
-
- Console.ReadLine();
- }
- connection.Stop();
- connection.Close();
- }
- }
- catch (System.Exception e)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
- }
- }
-
- static void consumer_Listener(IMessage message)
- {
- try
- {
- ITextMessage msg = (ITextMessage)message;
- Console.WriteLine("Receive: " + msg.Text);
- }
- catch (System.Exception e)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
- }
- }
- }
- }
程序實現的功能:生產者producer創建名爲testing的主題,並每隔5秒向該主題發送消息,消費者consumer訂閱了testing主題,所以只要生產者發送testing主題的消息到ActiveMQ服務器,服務器就將該消息發送給訂閱了testing主題的消費者。 函數
編譯生成producer.exe和consumer.exe,並執行兩個exe,便可看到消息的發送與接收了。 網站
這個例子是建的主題(Topic),ActiveMQ還支持另外一種方式:Queue,即P2P,二者有什麼區別呢?區別在於,Topic是廣播,即若是某個Topic被多個消費者訂閱,那麼只要有消息到達服務器,服務器就將該消息發給所有的消費者;而Queue是點到點,即一個消息只能發給一個消費者,若是某個Queue被多個消費者訂閱,沒有特殊狀況的話消息會一個一個地輪流發給不一樣的消費者,好比: ui
msg1-->consumer A
msg2-->consumer B
msg3-->consumer C
msg4-->consumer A
msg5-->consumer B
msg6-->consumer C
特殊狀況是指:ActiveMQ支持過濾機制,即生產者能夠設置消息的屬性(Properties),該屬性與消費者端的Selector對應,只有消費者設置的selector與消息的Properties匹配,消息纔會發給該消費者。Topic和Queue都支持Selector。
Properties和Selector該如何設置呢?請看以下代碼:
producer:
- ITextMessage msg = prod.CreateTextMessage();
- msg.Text = i.ToString();
- msg.Properties.SetString("myFilter", "test1");
- Console.WriteLine("Sending: " + i.ToString());
- prod.Send(msg, Apache.NMS.MsgDeliveryMode.NonPersistent, Apache.NMS.MsgPriority.Normal, TimeSpan.MinValue);
consumer:
- //生成consumer時經過參數設置Selector
- IMessageConsumer consumer = session.CreateConsumer(new Apache.NMS.ActiveMQ.Commands.ActiveMQQueue("testing"), "myFilter='test1'");
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介於許多朋友對Demo程序的需求,上傳一個以前本身寫的WinForm Demo吧,下載地址在這裏:http://download.csdn.net/detail/bodybo/4498147
截圖以下:
MQ發送程序
MQ接收程序