本文主要講解經過curl 實現表單提交登陸。單獨的表單提交與表單登陸都差很少,所以就不單獨說了。html
說明:針對curl表單提交實現登陸,不是全部網站都適用,緣由是有些網站後臺作了限制或有其餘校驗。咱們不知道這些網站後臺的限制或校驗機制具體是什麼,所以直接curl表單登陸多是不行的。json
固然,以下案例是能夠用curl登陸的。瀏覽器
要求:經過curl登陸後,能正常訪問leancloud的應用頁面。安全
登陸頁面連接以下:cookie
1 https://leancloud.cn/dashboard/login.html#/signin
能正常訪問以下頁面:app
1 https://leancloud.cn/dashboard/applist.html#/apps
瀏覽器訪問效果:dom
上圖紅框 403 中的訪問鏈接以下:curl
1 https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps
1 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z ~]# curl -i https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps 2 HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden 3 Server: openresty 4 Date: Sun, 14 Jul 2019 11:35:28 GMT 5 Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 6 Transfer-Encoding: chunked 7 Connection: keep-alive 8 Vary: Accept-Encoding 9 Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store 10 Pragma: no-cache 11 12 {"code":1,"error":"User doesn't sign in."}
經過下圖可獲得表單提交的連接信息。具體以下:網站
1 https://leancloud.cn/1.1/signin
1 curl -v -c leancloud1.info -X POST -F 'email=yourname' -F 'password=yourpassword' https://leancloud.cn/1.1/signin 2 # 或則 3 curl -v -c leancloud3.info -X POST -d 'email=yourname&password=yourpassword' https://leancloud.cn/1.1/signin
1 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# ll 2 total 32 3 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 337 Jul 14 19:45 leancloud1.info 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 335 Jul 14 19:46 leancloud3.info 5 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# cat leancloud1.info 6 # Netscape HTTP Cookie File 7 # http://curl.haxx.se/docs/http-cookies.html 8 # This file was generated by libcurl! Edit at your own risk. 9 10 #HttpOnly_leancloud.cn FALSE / TRUE 1563709522 uluru_user Ff1IPOiMX%2F6ipevuxy0OOg%3D%3D 11 leancloud.cn FALSE / TRUE 1563709522 XSRF-TOKEN 5647dc84bd6eaea37eca2d07ae0e401cca4ba76803989c8559XXXXX7283da 12 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# cat leancloud3.info 13 # Netscape HTTP Cookie File 14 # http://curl.haxx.se/docs/http-cookies.html 15 # This file was generated by libcurl! Edit at your own risk. 16 17 #HttpOnly_leancloud.cn FALSE / TRUE 1563709591 uluru_user arTwQm6JylzLjBaQt7TpiQ%3D%3D 18 leancloud.cn FALSE / TRUE 1563709591 XSRF-TOKEN 751e12827c7c046408541bc1bf962b5912ac35b0d07f88120XXXXXX40704704
每列字段說明:
domain:建立並能夠讀取變量的域名。
flag:一個 TRUE/FALSE 值,代表給定域中的全部機器是否均可以訪問該變量。此值由瀏覽器自動設置,具體取決於你爲域設置的值。
path:變量在域中有效的路徑。
secure:一個 TRUE/FALSE 值,代表是否須要與域的安全鏈接來訪問變量。
expiration:該變量將過時的UNIX時間。UNIX時間定義爲自1970年1月1日00:00:00 GMT開始的秒數。
name:變量名稱
value:變量值url
直接訪問和帶有cookie訪問,這兩種訪問方式,請對比查看。
1 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# curl -i https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps 2 HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden 3 Server: openresty 4 Date: Sun, 14 Jul 2019 11:52:47 GMT 5 Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 6 Transfer-Encoding: chunked 7 Connection: keep-alive 8 Vary: Accept-Encoding 9 Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store 10 Pragma: no-cache 11 12 {"code":1,"error":"User doesn't sign in."}
1 # 使用cookie 2 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# curl -i -b leancloud1.info https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps 3 ## 或者 4 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190714_02]# curl -i -b leancloud3.info https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps 5 HTTP/1.1 200 OK 6 Server: openresty 7 Date: Sun, 14 Jul 2019 11:53:29 GMT 8 Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 9 Transfer-Encoding: chunked 10 Connection: keep-alive 11 Vary: Accept-Encoding 12 Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store 13 Pragma: no-cache 14 Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000 15 16 [{"app_domain":null,"description":null,"archive_status":0,"biz_type":"dev","master_key": ………………
1 [root@iZ28xbsfvc4Z 20190720]# curl -i -H 'cookie: _ga=GA1.2.2055706705.1560005524; …………' https://leancloud.cn/1.1/clients/self/apps 2 HTTP/1.1 200 OK 3 Server: openresty 4 Date: Sat, 20 Jul 2019 08:11:37 GMT 5 Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8 6 Transfer-Encoding: chunked 7 Connection: keep-alive 8 Vary: Accept-Encoding 9 Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store 10 Pragma: no-cache 11 Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000 12 13 [{"app_domain":null,"description":null,"archive_status":0,"biz_type":"dev","master_key": ………………
由上可知curl登陸成功。
若是以爲不錯就點個讚唄 (-^O^-) !
———END———-