mysql分組取每組前幾條記錄(排名) 附group by與order by的研究html
http://www.jb51.net/article/31590.htmmysql
--按某一字段分組取最大(小)值所在行的數據sql
/* 數據以下: name val memo a 2 a2(a的第二個值) a 1 a1--a的第一個值 a 3 a3:a的第三個值 b 1 b1--b的第一個值 b 3 b3:b的第三個值 b 2 b2b2b2b2 b 4 b4b4 b 5 b5b5b5b5b5 */
--建立表並插入數據:post
create table tb(name varchar(10),val int,memo varchar(20)) insert into tb values('a', 2, 'a2(a的第二個值)') insert into tb values('a', 1, 'a1--a的第一個值') insert into tb values('a', 3, 'a3:a的第三個值') insert into tb values('b', 1, 'b1--b的第一個值') insert into tb values('b', 3, 'b3:b的第三個值') insert into tb values('b', 2, 'b2b2b2b2') insert into tb values('b', 4, 'b4b4') insert into tb values('b', 5, 'b5b5b5b5b5') go
--1、按name分組取val最大的值所在行的數據。url
--方法1:select a.* from tb a where val = (select max(val) from tb where name = a.name) order by a.name --方法2: select a.* from tb a where not exists(select 1 from tb where name = a.name and val > a.val) --方法3: select a.* from tb a,(select name,max(val) val from tb group by name) b where a.name = b.name and a.val = b.val order by a.name --方法4: select a.* from tb a inner join (select name , max(val) val from tb group by name) b on a.name = b.name and a.val = b.val order by a.name --方法5 select a.* from tb a where 1 > (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val > a.val ) order by a.name /* name val memo ---------- ----------- -------------------- a 3 a3:a的第三個值 b 5 b5b5b5b5b5 */
本人推薦使用1,3,4,結果顯示1,3,4效率相同,2,5效率差些,不過我3,4效率相同毫無疑問,1就不同了,想不搞了。spa
--2、按name分組取val最小的值所在行的數據。.net
--方法1:select a.* from tb a where val = (select min(val) from tb where name = a.name) order by a.name --方法2: select a.* from tb a where not exists(select 1 from tb where name = a.name and val < a.val) --方法3: select a.* from tb a,(select name,min(val) val from tb group by name) b where a.name = b.name and a.val = b.val order by a.name --方法4: select a.* from tb a inner join (select name , min(val) val from tb group by name) b on a.name = b.name and a.val = b.val order by a.name --方法5 select a.* from tb a where 1 > (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val < a.val) order by a.name /* name val memo ---------- ----------- -------------------- a 1 a1--a的第一個值 b 1 b1--b的第一個值 */
--3、按name分組取第一次出現的行所在的數據。code
select a.* from tb a where val = (select top 1 val from tb where name = a.name) order by a.name /* name val memo ---------- ----------- -------------------- a 2 a2(a的第二個值) b 1 b1--b的第一個值 */
--4、按name分組隨機取一條數據。server
select a.* from tb a where val = (select top 1 val from tb where name = a.name order by newid()) order by a.name/* name val memo ---------- ----------- -------------------- a 1 a1--a的第一個值 b 5 b5b5b5b5b5 */
--5、按name分組取最小的兩個(N個)valhtm
select a.* from tb a where 2 > (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val < a.val ) order by a.name,a.valselect a.* from tb a where val in (select top 2 val from tb where name=a.name order by val) order by a.name,a.val select a.* from tb a where exists (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val < a.val having Count(*) < 2) order by a.name /* name val memo ---------- ----------- -------------------- a 1 a1--a的第一個值 a 2 a2(a的第二個值) b 1 b1--b的第一個值 b 2 b2b2b2b2 */
--6、按name分組取最大的兩個(N個)val
select a.* from tb a where 2 > (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val > a.val ) order by a.name,a.val select a.* from tb a where val in (select top 2 val from tb where name=a.name order by val desc) order by a.name,a.val select a.* from tb a where exists (select count(*) from tb where name = a.name and val > a.val having Count(*) < 2) order by a.name /* name val memo ---------- ----------- -------------------- a 2 a2(a的第二個值) a 3 a3:a的第三個值 b 4 b4b4 b 5 b5b5b5b5b5 */
--七,假如整行數據有重複,全部的列都相同(例以下表中的第5,6兩行數據徹底相同)。
按name分組取最大的兩個(N個)val
/* 數據以下: name val memo a 2 a2(a的第二個值) a 1 a1--a的第一個值 a 1 a1--a的第一個值 a 3 a3:a的第三個值 a 3 a3:a的第三個值 b 1 b1--b的第一個值 b 3 b3:b的第三個值 b 2 b2b2b2b2 b 4 b4b4 b 5 b5b5b5b5b5 */