CMDB開發

運維路線圖:python

 

cmdb的開發須要包含三部分功能:


shell

  • 採集硬件數據
  • API
  • 頁面管理

  執行流程:服務器的客戶端採集硬件數據,而後將硬件信息發送到API,API負責將獲取到的數據保存到數據庫中,後臺管理程序負責對服務器信息的配置和展現。

採集硬件信息
  採集硬件信息能夠有兩種方式實現:


數據庫

  • 利用puppet中的report功能
  • 本身寫agent,定時執行

  兩種方式的優缺點各異:方式一,優勢是不須要在每臺服務器上步一個agent,缺點是依賴於puppet,而且使用ruby開發;方式二,優勢是用於python調用shell命令,學習成本低,缺點是須要在每臺服務器上發一個agent。

方式一
  默認狀況下,puppet的client會在每半個小時鏈接puppet的master來同步數據,若是定義了report,那麼在每次client和master同步數據時,會執行report的process函數,在該函數中定義一些邏輯,獲取每臺服務器信息並將信息發送給API
  puppet中默認自帶了5個report,放置在【/usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/puppet/reports/】路徑下。若是須要執行某個report,那麼就在puppet的master的配置文件中作以下配置:
  on master



/etc/puppet/puppet.conf
[main]
reports = store #默認
#report = true #默認
#pluginsync = true #默認

  on client



/etc/puppet/puppet.conf
[main]
#report = true #默認
[agent]
runinterval = 10
server = master.puppet.com
certname = c1.puppet.com

  如上述設置以後,每次執行client和master同步,就會在master服務器的 【/var/lib/puppet/reports】路徑下建立一個文件,主動執行:puppet agent  --test
  因此,咱們能夠建立本身的report來實現cmdb數據的採集,建立report也有兩種方式。
  Demo 1
  一、建立report



/usr/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.8/puppet/reports/cmdb.rb
require 'puppet'
require 'fileutils'
require 'puppet/util'
SEPARATOR = [Regexp.escape(File::SEPARATOR.to_s), Regexp.escape(File::ALT_SEPARATOR.to_s)].join
Puppet::Reports.register_report(:cmdb) do
desc "Store server info 
These files collect quickly -- one every half hour -- so it is a good idea
to perform some maintenance on them if you use this report (it's the only
default report)."
def process
certname = self.name
now = Time.now.gmtime
File.open("/tmp/cmdb.json",'a') do |f|
f.write(certname)
f.write(' | ')
f.write(now)
f.write("\r\n")
end
end
end

  二、應用report



/etc/puppet/puppet.conf
[main]
reports = cmdb
#report = true #默認
#pluginsync = true #默認

  Demo 2
  一、建立report
在 /etc/puppet/modules 目錄下建立以下文件結構: 

modules└── cmdb    ├── lib    │   └── puppet    │       └── reports    │           └── cmdb.rb    └── manifests        └── init.pp


require 'puppet'
require 'fileutils'
require 'puppet/util'
SEPARATOR = [Regexp.escape(File::SEPARATOR.to_s), Regexp.escape(File::ALT_SEPARATOR.to_s)].join
Puppet::Reports.register_report(:cmdb) do
desc "Store server info
These files collect quickly -- one every half hour -- so it is a good idea
to perform some maintenance on them if you use this report (it's the only
default report)."
def process
certname = self.name
now = Time.now.gmtime
File.open("/tmp/cmdb.json",'a') do |f|
f.write(certname)
f.write(' | ')
f.write(now)
f.write("\r\n")
end
end
end
  二、應用report



/etc/puppet/puppet.conf
[main]
reports = cmdb
#report = true #默認
#pluginsync = true #默認

  方式二
  使用python調用shell命令,解析命令結果並將數據發送到API

API


django

  • REST與技術無關,表明的是一種軟件架構風格,REST是Representational State Transfer的簡稱,中文翻譯爲「表徵狀態轉移」
  • REST從資源的角度類審視整個網絡,它將分佈在網絡中某個節點的資源經過URL進行標識,客戶端應用經過URL來獲取資源的表徵,得到這些表徵導致這些應用轉變狀態
  • REST與技術無關,表明的是一種軟件架構風格,REST是Representational State Transfer的簡稱,中文翻譯爲「表徵狀態轉移」
  • 全部的數據,不過是經過網絡獲取的仍是操做(增刪改查)的數據,都是資源,將一切數據視爲資源是REST區別與其餘架構風格的最本質屬性
  • 對於REST這種面向資源的架構風格,有人提出一種全新的結構理念,即:面向資源架構(ROA:Resource Oriented Architecture)

  django中可使用 Django rest framwork 來實現:http://www.django-rest-framework.org/


<ignore_js_op> <ignore_js_op> 


class Blog(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=50)
content = models.TextField()

modes.py




from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from rest_framework import routers, serializers, viewsets
from app02 import models
from rest_framework.decorators import detail_route, list_route
from rest_framework import response
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
# Serializers define the API representation.
class UserSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('url', 'username', 'email', 'is_staff')
# ViewSets define the view behavior.
class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = User.objects.all()
serializer_class = UserSerializer

# Serializers define the API representation.
class BlogSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.Blog
depth = 1
fields = ('url','title', 'content',)

# ViewSets define the view behavior.
class BLogViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
queryset = models.Blog.objects.all()
serializer_class = BlogSerializer
@list_route()
def detail(self,request):
print request
#return HttpResponse('ok')
return response.Response('ok')
api.py




from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from django.contrib import admin
from rest_framework import routers
from app02 import api
from app02 import views

# Routers provide an easy way of automatically determining the URL conf.
router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'users', api.UserViewSet)
router.register(r'blogs', api.BLogViewSet)

urlpatterns = patterns('',    
url(r'^', include(router.urls)),
url(r'index/', views.index),
#url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework'))
)
urls.py




from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
from rest_framework.response import Response
# Create your views here.

@api_view(['GET', 'PUT', 'DELETE','POST']) 
def index(request):
print request.method
print request.DATA
return Response([{'asset': '1','request_hostname': 'c1.puppet.com' }]) 
views
後臺管理頁面
  後臺管理頁面須要實現對數據表的增刪改查。
<ignore_js_op> 
  
  問題:
  一、paramiko執行sudo



/etc/sudoers
Defaults    requiretty
Defaults:cmdb    !requiretty

  json

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