在本篇博客以前，博主已經寫了4篇關於微信相關文章，其中三篇是本文基礎：javascript
一、微信開發之入門教程，該文章詳細講解了企業號體驗號免費申請與一些必要的配置，以及如何調用微信接口。html
二、微信開發之經過代理調試本地項目，該文章詳細講解了如何調試本地項目，使用工具的詳細安裝與配置。前端
三、微信開發之使用java獲取簽名signature（貼源碼，附工程），該文詳細講些瞭如何獲取簽名，代碼十分詳細。java
對於初學者，可能還不知道訂閱號、服務號、和企業號的區別，博主以前也是一直沒有弄清楚，所以查閱資料整理了一篇博客供你們閱讀：微信服務號、訂閱號和企業號的區別（運營和開發兩個角度）。建議有時間得猿友仍是閱讀一下爲好。git
上面的文章內容雖然有點多並且繁瑣，看完以後不敢說已經入門，可是初步瞭解，本身寫實例是沒有問題的。不積跬步無以致千里，但願猿友們耐心繼續下去！！！！！！web
上面的文章內容雖然有點多並且繁瑣，看完以後不敢說已經入門，可是初步瞭解，本身寫實例是沒有問題的。不積跬步無以致千里，但願猿友們耐心繼續下去！！！！！！spring
上面的文章內容雖然有點多並且繁瑣，看完以後不敢說已經入門，可是初步瞭解，本身寫實例是沒有問題的。不積跬步無以致千里，但願猿友們耐心繼續下去！！！！！！apache
期間可能會遇到一些坑，歡迎與博主評論交流json
有了上面的基礎，接下來博主將分享一個具體的微信開發實例，獲取用戶當前的地理位置。api
1、結果演示
2、代碼及代碼講解
本工程使用的環境是Eclipse + maven + springmvc，下面附上關鍵代碼，springmvc和web.xml相關配置和maven相關依賴就不一一列舉，最後會附上工程供你們下載。
2.一、獲取簽名工具類（httpclient和sha1加密）
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package
com.luo.util;
import
java.io.IOException;
import
java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import
java.security.MessageDigest;
import
java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import
java.util.ArrayList;
import
java.util.HashMap;
import
java.util.Iterator;
import
java.util.List;
import
java.util.Map;
import
java.util.Set;
import
java.util.UUID;
import
net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import
org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import
org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import
org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import
org.apache.http.ParseException;
import
org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import
org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import
org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import
org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import
org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import
org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import
org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import
org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
import
org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
public
class
HttpXmlClient {
public
static
String post(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
DefaultHttpClient httpclient =
new
DefaultHttpClient();
String body =
null
;
HttpPost post = postForm(url, params);
body = invoke(httpclient, post);
httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
return
body;
}
public
static
String get(String url) {
DefaultHttpClient httpclient =
new
DefaultHttpClient();
String body =
null
;
HttpGet get =
new
HttpGet(url);
body = invoke(httpclient, get);
httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
return
body;
}
private
static
String invoke(DefaultHttpClient httpclient,
HttpUriRequest httpost) {
HttpResponse response = sendRequest(httpclient, httpost);
String body = paseResponse(response);
return
body;
}
private
static
String paseResponse(HttpResponse response) {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String charset = EntityUtils.getContentCharSet(entity);
String body =
null
;
try
{
body = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
}
catch
(ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch
(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return
body;
}
private
static
HttpResponse sendRequest(DefaultHttpClient httpclient,
HttpUriRequest httpost) {
HttpResponse response =
null
;
try
{
response = httpclient.execute(httpost);
}
catch
(ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch
(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return
response;
}
private
static
HttpPost postForm(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
HttpPost httpost =
new
HttpPost(url);
List<NameValuePair> nvps =
new
ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
Set<String> keySet = params.keySet();
for
(String key : keySet) {
nvps.add(
new
BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key)));
}
try
{
httpost.setEntity(
new
UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, HTTP.UTF_8));
}
catch
(UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return
httpost;
}
public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
//獲取access_token
Map<String, String> params =
new
HashMap<String, String>();
params.put(
"corpid"
,
"wx5f24fa0db1819ea2"
);
params.put(
"corpsecret"
,
"uQtWzF0bQtl2KRHX0amekjpq8L0aO96LSpSNfctOBLRbuYPO4DUBhMn0_v2jHS-9"
);
String xml = HttpXmlClient.post(
"https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken"
,params);
JSONObject jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml);
Map<String, String> map =
new
HashMap<String, String>();
Iterator<String> it = jsonMap.keys();
while
(it.hasNext()) {
String key = (String) it.next();
String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString();
map.put(key, u);
}
String access_token = map.get(
"access_token"
);
System.out.println(
"access_token="
+ access_token);
//獲取ticket
params.put(
"access_token"
,access_token);
xml = HttpXmlClient.post(
"https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/get_jsapi_ticket"
,params);
jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml);
map =
new
HashMap<String, String>();
it = jsonMap.keys();
while
(it.hasNext()) {
String key = (String) it.next();
String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString();
map.put(key, u);
}
String jsapi_ticket = map.get(
"ticket"
);
System.out.println(
"jsapi_ticket="
+ jsapi_ticket);
//獲取簽名signature
String noncestr = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
String timestamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis() /
1000
);
String url=
"http://mp.weixin.qq.com"
;
String str =
"jsapi_ticket="
+ jsapi_ticket +
"&noncestr="
+ noncestr +
"×tamp="
+ timestamp +
"&url="
+ url;
//sha1加密
String signature = SHA1(str);
System.out.println(
"noncestr="
+ noncestr);
System.out.println(
"timestamp="
+ timestamp);
System.out.println(
"signature="
+ signature);
//最終得到調用微信js接口驗證須要的三個參數noncestr、timestamp、signature
}
/**
* @author：羅國輝
* @date： 2015年12月17日 上午9:24:43
* @description： SHA、SHA1加密
* @parameter： str：待加密字符串
* @return： 加密串
**/
public
static
String SHA1(String str) {
try
{
MessageDigest digest = java.security.MessageDigest
.getInstance(
"SHA-1"
);
//若是是SHA加密只須要將"SHA-1"改爲"SHA"便可
digest.update(str.getBytes());
byte
messageDigest[] = digest.digest();
// Create Hex String
StringBuffer hexStr =
new
StringBuffer();
// 字節數組轉換爲 十六進制 數
for
(
int
i =
0
; i < messageDigest.length; i++) {
String shaHex = Integer.toHexString(messageDigest[i] &
0xFF
);
if
(shaHex.length() <
2
) {
hexStr.append(
0
);
}
hexStr.append(shaHex);
}
return
hexStr.toString();
}
catch
(NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return
null
;
}
}
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2.二、controller代碼（儘量仔細閱讀下面的每一行代碼，特別是url部分）
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package
com.luo.controller;
import
java.util.HashMap;
import
java.util.Iterator;
import
java.util.Map;
import
java.util.UUID;
import
javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import
net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import
org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import
org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import
com.luo.util.HttpXmlClient;
@Controller
public
class
UserController {
@RequestMapping
(
"/"
)
public
ModelAndView getIndex(HttpServletRequest request){
ModelAndView mav =
new
ModelAndView(
"index"
);
//獲取access_token
Map<String, String> params =
new
HashMap<String, String>();
params.put(
"corpid"
,
"wx7099477f2de8aded"
);
params.put(
"corpsecret"
,
"4clWzENvHVmpcyuA4toys0URkfYanIqWtxZ5plbisn6Cd5AVTF0thpaK6UAhjIvN"
);
String xml = HttpXmlClient.post(
"https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken"
,params);
JSONObject jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml);
Map<String, String> map =
new
HashMap<String, String>();
Iterator<String> it = jsonMap.keys();
while
(it.hasNext()) {
String key = (String) it.next();
String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString();
map.put(key, u);
}
String access_token = map.get(
"access_token"
);
//獲取ticket
params.put(
"access_token"
,access_token);
xml = HttpXmlClient.post(
"https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/get_jsapi_ticket"
,params);
jsonMap = JSONObject.fromObject(xml);
map =
new
HashMap<String, String>();
it = jsonMap.keys();
while
(it.hasNext()) {
String key = (String) it.next();
String u = jsonMap.get(key).toString();
map.put(key, u);
}
String jsapi_ticket = map.get(
"ticket"
);
//獲取簽名signature
String noncestr = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
String timestamp = Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis() /
1000
);
//獲取請求url
String path = request.getContextPath();
//覺得我配置的菜單是http://yo.bbdfun.com/first_maven_project/，最後是有"/"的，因此url也加上了"/"
String url = request.getScheme() +
"://"
+ request.getServerName() + path +
"/"
;
String str =
"jsapi_ticket="
+ jsapi_ticket +
"&noncestr="
+ noncestr +
"×tamp="
+ timestamp +
"&url="
+ url;
//sha1加密
String signature = HttpXmlClient.SHA1(str);
mav.addObject(
"signature"
, signature);
mav.addObject(
"timestamp"
, timestamp);
mav.addObject(
"noncestr"
, noncestr);
mav.addObject(
"appId"
,
"wx7099477f2de8aded"
);
System.out.println(
"jsapi_ticket="
+ jsapi_ticket);
System.out.println(
"noncestr="
+ noncestr);
System.out.println(
"timestamp="
+ timestamp);
System.out.println(
"url="
+ url);
System.out.println(
"str="
+ str);
System.out.println(
"signature="
+ signature);
return
mav;
}
}
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2.三、前端js代碼（儘量仔細閱讀下面的每一行代碼）
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<%@ page language=
"java"
contentType=
"text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding=
"UTF-8"
%>
<html>
<head>
<script src=
"http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.0.0.js"
></script>
<script>
wx.config({
debug:
true
,
// 開啓調試模式,調用的全部api的返回值會在客戶端alert出來，若要查看傳入的參數，能夠在pc端打開，參數信息會經過log打出，僅在pc端時纔會打印。
appId:
'${appId}'
,
// 必填，企業號的惟一標識，此處填寫企業號corpid
timestamp: parseInt(
"${timestamp}"
,
10
),
// 必填，生成簽名的時間戳
nonceStr:
'${noncestr}'
,
// 必填，生成簽名的隨機串
signature:
'${signature}'
,
// 必填，簽名，見附錄1
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